Monga njira yowonetsera zokhudzana ndi chilengedwe cha chiberekero, mkazi aliyense akulimbikitsidwa kuti afufuze kwa cytology ndi periodicity. Njirazi zimathandiza m'kupita kwa nthawi kuti azindikire kusintha kwa kayendedwe kake m'matumbo a chibelekero, chomwe chimakhala chodziŵika bwino, cha dysplasia cha flat and cylindrical epithelium, chomwe chimatsutsana kwambiri.
Cervical dysplasia digiri
Kuti tipeze tanthauzo lomveka bwino la tanthauzo la dysplasia, tiyeni tikumbukire zochitika za chiberekero, makamaka ndondomeko yake.
Chikazi ndi mbali ya kunja kwa chiberekero imayimilidwa ndi epulolium yozizira yamtundu umodzi, yomwe inagawanika:
- basal wosanjikiza (malire ndi minofu ya minofu ndi zitsulo ndipo ali ndi udindo wagawanika ndi kuchulukitsa kwa maselo, kupereka ndondomeko ya mucosa);
- Mzere wamkati (malo osungira pa siteji ya kusasitsa);
- Zomwe zimagwira ntchito (maselo osabisa osasuntha).
Pansi pa khola lachiberekero lamakonoli ndi epithelium yokhala ndi miyala imodzi yokha yomwe imakhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Ngati njira yakucha ndi kugawanika kwa mucosa imasokonezeka, maselo amatsenga amaonekera kwa minofuyi. Pamene chiwerengero chawo chiposa mawili a atatu pa kukula kwa epithelium - matendawa amatchedwa dysplasia.
Kuchiza ndi zizindikiro za dysplasia yochepa
Mankhwala anatsimikizira chifukwa chachikulu cha matenda - papillomavirus ya munthu. Pafupi, kwa zaka 1.5 zokhala mu thupi la mkazi, zaka 16 ndi 18, mtundu wa kachilombo ka HIV umayambitsa kusintha kwa maselo a epithelium.
Komanso, zotsatirazi zikuthandizira kuoneka kofatsa dysplasia:
- kubereka msinkhu ndi kuyamba kwa kugonana;
- Kusuta, kusokonezeka, kumwa mopitirira muyeso;
- Matenda opatsirana a ziwalo zoberekera;
- kufooka kwa chitetezo cha mthupi komanso kuopsa kwa chiberekero.
Monga lamulo, dysplasia yochepa ya epithelium ilibe zizindikiro. Choncho, n'zotheka kuzindikira zovuta pokhapokha pothandizira kafukufuku.
Kuti mudziwe zomwe zikuchitika, zotsatirazi zikugwiritsidwa ntchito:
- colposcopy;
- kusanthula kwa cytology ;
- biopsy (imachitidwa pamene pali zolakwika mu njira ziwiri zoyambirira).
Zizindikiro zotsatirazi zimakhudza kusankha njira ya chithandizo cha dysplasia:
- zaka za wodwala;
- kuya ndi kukula kwa dera lakukhudzidwa;
- matenda othandizira.
Dokotala aliyense payekha amasankha kachitidwe ka mankhwala - pang'onopang'ono, wina akhoza kusankha kuyembekezera ndi kuyembekezera njira yogwiritsira ntchito ma immunomodulators ndi kuyang'anira nthawi zonse. Nthawi zambiri, yesetsani njira zopaleshoni.