AFP - ndi chiyani?

Kawirikawiri, amayi, pokhala pa udindo, amapereka mayesero ambiri, okonzedwa komanso mogwirizana ndi mankhwala a dokotala, yemwe amatsogolera mimba. Ndipo ngati, mwachitsanzo, aliyense amadziwa chomwe progesterone chiri, chimene AFP chiri ndi chomwe magazi akutsanulira chifukwa amadziwika ndi ochepa.

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) ali ndi mapuloteni omwe amapangidwa mwachindunji pachiwindi ndi m'mimba m'mimba.

Kodi AFP imasintha bwanji panthawi yoyembekezera?

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa nthawi yeniyeni yofufuza za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zolephereka mu msinkhu wa kukula kwa fetus. Pa nthawi yoyamba ya chitukuko, mapuloteniwa amapangidwa ndi chikasu. Kuyambira pa sabata lachisanu la mimba, mwanayo amayamba kuzipanga yekha. Motero, alpha-fetoprotein imakhala ndi chitetezo kwa mwana wosabadwa, kuphatikizapo kuthekera kwa kukanidwa kwa mimba mwa thupi la mayi.

Pamene chiwerengero cha AFP chimawonjezeka, amayamba kuwonjezera magazi ake. Choncho, mlingo woyenera wa mapuloteni ndi masabata 13-16 okha. Ndicho chifukwa chake AFP ili ndi mimba yomwe imakhalapo nthawi zonse, mayi akudzipangitsa yekha tsiku lino. Mapuloteni oterewa amatha masabata 32-34, kenako amachepa. Choncho, pakatha chaka chimodzi mlingo wa alpha-fetoprotein m'thupi la zinyenyeswazi umatha kufika phindu lake.

Kodi kufufuza kwa AFP kwatsimikiziridwa bwanji?

Kawirikawiri, amayi apakati, kupereka magazi ku AFP, sakudziwa kuti ndi chiyani, ndipo motero, samadziwa mitengo ya chikhalidwe. Mndandanda wa mayiko ambiri m'mayendedwe oterewa ndi MoM (wamkati). Amadziŵerengera powerengera mtengo wamtengo wapatali pachiyero choyambirira cha mapuloteni. Pachifukwa ichi, kwa nthawi inayake ya mimba ndizofunika kwambiri. Chizolowezi cha AFP pa nthawi ya mimba ndi kusintha kwa mapuloteni ambiri mkati mwa 0.5-2.5 MoM.

Ngati chiwerengero cha AFP chikuwonjezeka pamwambapa, madokotala amaganiza kuti pali chifuwa chachikulu m'mimba mwa mayi amene ali ndi pakati. Kotero, chithunzi chomwecho chikhoza kuwonedwa pamene:

• multiple pregnancy ;
• necrosis ya chiwindi;
• malformation wa neural tube ya mwana;
• matenda a anterior pamimba khoma;
• umbilical hernia m'mimba .

Kodi kusanthula kukuchitika liti pa AFP?

Kuonjezera apo, kuti kufufuza kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa AFP kumachitika panthawi ya mimba, ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kudziwa momwe amuna amachitira ndi amayi omwe ali ndi pakati. Kotero, kawirikawiri pamene pali kukayikira kwa oncology, chiwerengero cha AFP chimagwira ntchito yapamwamba, koma sikuti aliyense amene apititsa kafukufuku amadziwa chomwe chiri. Kotero kuwonjezeka kwa mlingo wa mapuloteni amenewa m'thupi kungayambitsidwe ndi:

• khansa ya chiwindi, mapasitiki, koloni;
• chotupa cha bronchus;
• chiwindi cha chiwindi;
• kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a shuga;
• kuperewera kwa chiwindi.

Monga momwe mukuonera, mndandanda wa matenda omwe mukuwunika kumeneku ukuchitika kwambiri.

Kodi ndondomeko yanji kuti mupereke chithunzi pa AFP?

Kufufuza kwa AFP palokha sikokwanira mokwanira. Choncho, nthawi zonse deta yake imathandizidwa ndi ultrasound. Kawirikawiri pamene ali ndi mimba, pamodzi ndi chidziwitso cha mlingo wa alpha-fetoprotein, mlingo wa ma hormone ochepa kwambiri amatsimikiziridwa, zomwe zimathandiza mzimayi kuti azindikire momwe chiwerengero cha mwana wakhanda chimakhalira. Choncho, kawirikawiri kusanthula kumachitika pofuna kutsimikiza kwa chorionic gonadotropin m'magazi.

Pochita phunziro ili, magazi amachotsedwa mumsana wa mayi woyembekezera. Pa nthawi yomweyi, nthawi yabwino ndi masabata 14-15, koma mpanda ukhoza kupangidwa mkati mwa masabata 14-20 a mimba. Monga mayesero ambiri, AFP imagwira ntchito yopanda kanthu, m'mawa. Pachifukwa ichi, mutatha kudya kotsiriza muyenera kutenga maola 4-6.

Choncho, kufotokoza kwa AFP kumapereka chidziwitso cha panthaŵi yake cha ziphuphu za fetus.