Nthawi zambiri ana amakhala ndi mantha osiyana, ambiri mwa iwo amakhala opanda pake. Zina ndi zazing'ono ndipo zimangowoneka mu nthawi zina. Kuopa kotero monga nkhawa, nkhawa kapena mantha a zakuthambo ndizokhalitsa mantha komanso zachibadwa, ambiri mwa iwo omwe ali obadwa. Palinso kugulitsidwa. Izi zikuphatikizapo mantha omwe amawonekera poopsezedwa ndi makolo. Ndi za iwo omwe tikambirana m'nkhaniyi.
Ndi ana ati omwe amawopa makolo awo?
M'dziko lililonse muli chikhalidwe, malingaliro, makamaka kulera kwa mwana, komanso, njira zawo zowunyoza mwanayo, ngati amakana kumvera. Choncho tiyeni tiwone chitsanzo cha mayiko ena omwe amawopsyeza makolo a ana awo:
- Ku England, zinyama zambiri zapangidwa kuti zitheke, koma otchuka kwambiri komanso odziwika ndi ife kuchokera ku cinema ndi Boogeyman. Kwa zaka mazana angapo, a Chingerezi achita mantha ndi ana awo ndi nkhani za chilombo choopsa chomwe chimabisala kwinakwake m'chipinda ndipo ngati mwanayo samvera, ndiye Boogeyman amachoka pamalo amodzi ndikumuopseza.
- Ku France, bingu la zoopsa usiku, ndi Kostoprav, kuchokera ku ntchito yeniyeni. Amakonda kufotokozedwa ngati munthu wachikulire wokwiya ndi thumba limene amabisa ana osayenerera. Malingana ndi nkhaniyi, Kostopravy amadutsa mumzinda ndikupita ndi ana omwe adasewera ndipo safuna kugona. Ndipo malo ake omwe amamukonda amakhala pansi pa khonde la nyumba, kumene akukhala asanakhale mdima.
- Ku Germany, kutchuka kwa Krampus. Chilombochi, cholumbira, chimatsatana ndi St. Nicholas pa Khirisimasi ndipo chilango chimawombera ana omwe anaphwanya chaka chonse chakale. Pali matembenuzidwe omwe Khampus amakokera ana amasiye osamvera m'thumba lake, amanyamula naye kuphanga, kumene amadya chakudya kapena amutengera ku nyumba yake, ndikukwera pansi m'nyanja. Ichi ndi mtundu wa kholo lomwe amalikonda kwambiri.
- Ku Russia, monga pali nkhani zambiri zoopsya poopseza ana osamvera. Zingakhale zosiyana ndi nkhani zamakono (Baba Yaga, Koschey, Nightingale ndi Robber, etc.), nkhandwe, nkhandwe, ena amawopseza apolisi ndi amalume. Zina mwa izo ndi gulugufe. Nthawi zambiri amatchulidwa ndi makolo ake pamene akufuna kuwaika ana, popanda chikhumbo chapadera cha ana. Ndiye gulugufe limawoneka bwanji? Kawirikawiri iye sali kufotokozedwa mwanjira iliyonse, kuti ana angalingalire chithunzi choopsya kwambiri. Ngakhale ena amachijambula ngati mawonekedwe a bambo wachikulire omwe ali ndi ululu kapena chilombo chaubweya. Malingana ndi nkhani za makolo ake, amabisala pansi pa kama ndipo ngati mwana atuluka, adzagwa m'manja mwa bamboyka.
Kodi n'zotheka kumuopseza mwana?
Tiyeni tiwone ngati n'zotheka kuopseza mwana ndi mkazi ndipo ngati n'zotheka kumuopseza mwana. Akatswiri a zamaganizo amanena kuti ichi ndi chimodzi mwa njira zovuta kwambiri zolerera mwana, kumadalira kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu za thupi. Ngati mwana nthawi zonse amawopsezedwa ndi zigawenga ndi ndodo, madokotala ali ndi sitiroko, zithukuta, iye amalephera kudalira dziko lapansi pang'onopang'ono, amachotsedwa. Zonsezi zikhoza kukhala mavuto atsopano, monga: mantha a mdima, mantha a kukhala yekha, kuchotsedwa. Poopseza mwanayo mmalo mwa chithandizo cha makolo amamva nkhawa ndi mantha, kuti akhoza kupereka kwa amalume ake kapena amadya ndi chilombo chachikulu.
Sikuti makolo onse ali ndi nthawi yokwanira yoti afotokozere momveka kwa mwanayo chifukwa chake sangathe kuchita. Zimakhala zosavuta kumuopseza ndi chilombo kapena choipa, kuti agwiritse ntchito mphamvu, koma njira izi sizidzapindulitsa kanthu. Chinthu chofunikira kwambiri ndi choti mwana amve chikondi ndi kuthandizidwa ndi makolo ake, ndipo asakhale ndi mantha nthawi zonse a mawonekedwe a nsungwi.