Kwa zaka mazana ambiri za ntchito zamankhwala ndi zamatsenga, mandrake yakhala yochuluka kwambiri ndi nthano ndi zinsinsi zimene anthu ambiri amawona kukhalapo kwake kukhala nthano ndi nthano. Komabe, chomera ichi chiripo, koma chikukula kokha m'madera ena - ku Central Asia, m'mapiri a Himalaya ndi m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Mediterranean. Pezani chomera ichi m'chilengedwe ndi zovuta, chifukwa chimatanthawuza zovuta zakale ndi zowonongeka.
Kodi mandrake ndi chiyani?
Mandragora ndi chomera cha herbaceous cha banja la Solanaceae. Mandrake yeniyeni, yomwe nthenda yambiri ya zakale ndi miyambo yamatsenga imagwirizanitsidwa, imatengedwa ngati Mediterranean. Maluwa a mitundu yonse ya mandrake ali ndi fungo lokoma labwino, kukumbukira kununkhira kokoma kwa rosi kapena jasmine. Mitundu yambiri ya mitundu yonse ndi Turkmen. Mu chilengedwe pali mitundu 6 ya mandrakes:
- wamba kapena Mediterranean (atropa);
- mankhwala (officinarum L);
- kasupe (vernalis);
- autumnalis spreng;
- Omasulira (turcomanica).
Kodi mandrake amawoneka bwanji?
Mandragora - chomera chosowa ndipo poyamba sichikudziwika. Gawo la pansi - masamba akulu ovundala omwe amasonkhanitsidwa mu rosette yokongola, kukula kwake, malingana ndi zamoyo, akhoza kufika mamita limodzi ndi hafu m'litali. Maluwa a mandrake akhoza kukhala ndi lilac, violet kapena hue buluu. Zipatso za chomeracho zimafanana ndi maapulo a kuwala kwa lalanje.
Muzu wa mandrake ndi wofunika kwambiri. Mu mawonekedwe, amafanana ndi munthu. Mages amasiyanitsa pakati pa mizu ya amai ndi abambo. Nthaŵi zina, mizu imafanana ndi cholengedwa chachilendo kapena chowopsya, mandrake-nyama sizodziwika. Kunja, ili ndi makungwa a bulauni, mkati mwake ndi oyera. Kukula kwa muzu kumadalira mtundu ndi zaka za zomera. Mizu yambiri ndi 60 cm, mizu yayikulu - mpaka mamita 2.
Mandragora - zamatsenga
Mandrake kuyambira nthawi zakale amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga mankhwala ndi mankhwala amatsenga. Mbali zonse za chomeracho ndizoopsa chifukwa cha poizoni wam'madzi ndi psychotropic alkaloids, choncho mlingo woyenera ndi wofunikira kwambiri. Amatsenga ndi amatsenga ankakhulupirira kuti mandrake ndi cholengedwa chamaganizo, mzimu wa chiwanda umene uli ndi mphamvu zowonjezera mphamvu ya astral. Ku Greece wakale, chomera ichi chinkawoneka ngati chizindikiro cha mulungu wamkazi wa Tchalitchi, yemwe anali wolemekezeka wa mfiti.
Muzu wa amatsenga a mandrake amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu miyambo yakuda ngati chidole. Muzuwo umaimira munthu wina. Anakhulupilira kuti ngati muwapyoza ndi singano, mukhoza kudwala komanso imfa. Zomwe zimapangidwamo zimaphatikizapo zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi mavuto komanso zowopsa, pamene zimakhala zovuta kwambiri, zimachititsa kuti ziwonongeke , zisawonongeke ngakhale imfa. Mpaka tsopano amatsenga amakhulupirira kuti ziphunzitso zamakono ndi zithumwa ndi mandrake zimathandiza:
- chiteteze ku mphamvu zakuda;
- kukopa ndi kusunga chuma;
- thandizani chikondi;
- chitetezeni ku chinyengo mu zochitika;
- kupanga zida zozizira;
- kumathandiza kupeza chuma.
Mandragora - Nthano ndi Zolemba
M'dera lililonse ndi chomera cha mandrake pali nthano. Iwo ankakhulupirira kuti ngati inu mukukumba kuchokera pa dziko lapansi, izo zimatulutsa kufuula kosasimbika. Wopukuta ayenera kukhala ndi chidziwitso ndi luso la matsenga, mwinamwake amaopsezedwa ndi imfa yoyambirira. Ku Germany kulibe malingaliro amatsenga amphamvu angatsitsimutse mizu ya mandrake, kupanga kuchokera kwa iyo kapolo womvera.
Arabiya wakale, amakhulupirira kuti mandrake imawala usiku wopanda mdima. Kwa zomwe zinatchedwa "kandulo ya mdierekezi". Ku Ulaya, amatsenga amagwiritsidwa ntchito mafuta odzola ndi muzu kapena mandrake pa Halloween . Pothandizidwa ndi chida ichi, mfiti zinkatha kuuluka pamabedi usiku. Pali nthano yokhudza mkazi wokongola Mandragora adalosedwera ndikukhala ngati chomera.
Mandragora mu Baibulo
Zimakhulupirira kuti mandrake ndi chizindikiro cha chikondi cha matsenga. Mu Chipangano Chakale (Bukhu Loyamba la Mose, Genesis) pali nkhani yakuti Yakobo anali ndi akazi awiri-alongo ake omwe. Leya anali ndi ana anayi, ndipo wachiwiri Rakele analibe mwana. Maapulo a mandrake anathandiza Rakele kunyenga Yakobo ndi kubereka mwana wake wachisanu. "Ndinabadwira mwana wamwamuna wachisanu wa Yakobo, malo okonza mandrake. {Gen. 30: 14-18.} "Mandragora amatchulidwa mu nyimbo za chikondi cha Mfumu Solomo ngati zofukiza za mayesero.