Marena ndi mulungu wamkazi wa Zima ndi Imfa ya Aslavs

Mkazi wamkazi wa Asilavo Marena kapena Mara - yemwe anali mzimayi wa Usiku, ankachita mantha ndi kupempha chifundo. Koma sikuti akufa onse adatengedwa ndi womusamalira uyu wa moyo, koma okhawo omwe anali oyenera ku nthawi zonse m'dziko la Slavi. Makolo athu anatamanda Marena kawiri pa chaka, kuphatikizapo mayina a milungu yachikunja Kupala ndi Dazhdbog, ndipo panali zifukwa.

Marena - Mythology

Nkhani ya Marena inachokera ku nthano zakale za Aryan, kuchokera kumene zinkapita ku nthano za mafuko achi German, a Scandinavia ndi a Celtic. Amatchedwa mwana wamkazi wa milungu yachikunja Svarog ndi Lada, mlongo wa Zhiva ndi Lely. Malinga ndi zikhulupiliro zakalekale, mulungu wamkazi wa Marena ali ndi maudindo angapo:

• mbuye wa Zima;
• mbuye wa usiku;
• wosunga moyo wosatha;
• chiwonetsero cha tsogolo;
• Lady of Death.

Dzina lake likufanana ndi mawu oti "mor", omwe amagwirizanitsa ndi imfa, koma pali lingaliro lakuti mulungu uyu sanasokoneze moyo wa munthu, koma adamuwonetsa iye ku dziko lamuyaya, anawonetsera kwa moyo wake momwe angapititsire: pakuunika kwa Navi kapena Slavi, kuti iye ayenera. Makolo athu anakhulupirira: moyo wonyansa ndi wonyansa wa Marena - mulungu wamkazi wa Asilavo amapatukana ku dziko loyera ndipo amatumizira kwa anthu oterowo gulu loipa ndi zovuta, kotero iwo amaimira mayi uyu m'njira zosiyanasiyana:

• akazi apamwamba, mu miinjiro yamdima;
• mzimayi wokalamba wamwamuna wautali;
• msungwana wokongola mu zovala zoyera.

Tsiku la Mkazi wamkazi Marena

Makolo amakhulupirira kuti Marena anali ndi katundu 2:

• nyumba yachifumu kumpoto;
• kutsidya kwa mtsinje Smarodina, womwe umasiyanitsa dziko la Yavi ndi la Navi.

Chifukwa chake, Maria adali ndi 2 maholide chaka:

1. Tchuthi loyamba la Marena linakondwerera kumapeto kwa March 1, ndipo ankatchedwa Naviy Den kapena Vjunitsy. Navi anaitana miyoyo ya akufa, chofunika kwambiri cha chikondwerero chimenechi ndicho chikondwerero cha kuwuka kwa akufa, kulemekeza mizimu ya makolo ndi Dona wa mtendere wawo wa Maria. Achikunja anaika akufa awo m'manda a manda, ankachita miyambo - chakudya ndi zakumwa zachakumwa, kotero kuti makolo awo amakhala mochuluka m'dziko lina.
2. Patsiku lachiwiri linagwa pa November 25, pamene onse omwe anazunzidwa adabweretsedwa kwa Marena okha, amene adalowa mu ufulu wake wa Madzulo. Kuti adziteteze kwa iwo, anthu lero adapita ku mathithi ndikuzimitsa ntchentche zotentha m'madzi. Izi, mwinamwake, zinasonyeza mulungu wamkazi wochititsa mantha mphamvu yake mothandizidwa ndi moto.

Chizindikiro cha Marena mwa Asilavo

Chizindikiro chodziŵika kwambiri cha Marena ndi chidole cha udzu, chomwe chinali kuzungulira miyambo yapadera pa chikondwerero cha mzimayi wachisanu, pamene mulungu wamkazi Winter ankawonekera kumtunda wa kumpoto. Kuyendetsa masewerawa, ankachita mwambo wowotcha, kuwononga ndi kuzizira ndi chisanu chifukwa cha malo awo. Kenako phulusa linathamangira kumunda, kotero kuti panali zokolola zambiri komanso chaka chabwino.

Ochita kafukufuku amajambula maulendo awiri ena a Marena:

1. Mtsinje wa madzi ozizira ndiwo "madzi a Mariya", omwe amachititsa mphamvu yachisanu panthawi yopumula.
2. Chizindikiro cha Zima - katatu, otchedwa "Mara-Viy", makolo athu ankawona kuti ndizoopsa komanso zoopsa.

Velez ndi Marena

Maina a milungu yachikunja Veles ndi Mary adagwirizanitsa zokhazokha zawo. Veles ankaonedwa kuti ndi wolamulira wa dziko la akufa. Patapita nthawi, Asilavo adayamba kumuona ngati woyang'anira ulimi, popeza makolo omwe adamwalira padziko lapansi adalinso obala zipatso zabwino kwa makolo athu. Ankapembedzedwanso ndi Asilavo monga mulungu wamkazi wa dziko la akufa, koma adalandira anthu okha olimba mtima, ndipo adawadalitsa ankhondo omwe adafera banja lawo ndikumwalira kosapsa ndikupita nawo ku Irius.

Marena ndi Dazhdbog

Apolisi a Dazhdbog anali kulemekezedwa ngati mulungu wanzeru kwambiri ndi wolemera, ndipo Marena, mulungu wamkazi wa Winter ndi Death, anatchulidwa m'nthano ndi mkazi wake. Mu nthano zina iye amatchedwa mkazi wa mulungu wa imfa yoipa ya Kashchei. Mabaibulo 2 akusungidwa:

1. Mara anakwatira Dazhbog, koma atakwatirana adagwidwa ndi Kashchei.
2. Ukwatiwo unachitikira, koma mtsikanayo adathawa mwamsanga mwambowu, chifukwa adakonda Kashchei. Ndipo anataya Dazhbog, poopa mkwiyo wa Perun.

Asanayambe nyengo yozizira, achikunja adakondwerera ukwati wa Dazhdbog ndi Mary ndi miyambo yapadera. Kuchokera pa udzu iwo anapanga zidole, mabanja achichepere analumphira nawo pamoto. Ndiye zidolezo zinatengedwa kunyumba ndi ulemu, ndipo zimasungidwa, monga zizindikiro za matenda ndi imfa. Pafupi ndi moto, magome anaikidwa, omwe mabanja olimbana nawo amayenera kukhazikitsa mtendere, popeza Marena ndi Dazhdbog ankawonekeratu kuti anali okondedwa a banja lawo.

Marena ndi Kupalo

Ivan Kupala Akapolo amalemekezedwa ngati mulungu wa zipatso zapadziko lapansi, iyi ndiyo yokha yolide yachikunja yomwe yakhala ikukhalapo masiku athu ano. Achinyamata akukhutira ndi zikondwerero, atsikana omwe amamanga nsonga kuti alowe pamadzi ndikupeza tsogolo lawo. Polemekeza ku Kupala, nthambi za mitengo ndi zokongoletsedwa ndi maluwa, ndipo udzu wa Mary umayikidwa pafupi nawo. Usiku, utenthedwa, kotero kuti chimfine ndi matenda onse apita ndi moto, chifukwa mulungu wamkazi wa Chisilavo Marena ankaonedwa ngati munthu wozizira ndi imfa.

Mabanja okondweretsa kwenikweni amalumphira pamoto kuti adziyeretse okha m'moto. Kutentha kwa Marena kunali mwambo wapadera, womwe unatsagana ndi zida zapadera za moyo wamtsogolo wam'tsogolo. M'madera ena, mwambo wa kumira Mariya, monga imfa ndi matenda, unasungidwa, chifukwa madzi ankaonedwa kuti ndi mphamvu yopatsa moyo yomwe imachotsa machimo ambiri.