Matenda a Goldenhar adatchedwa dzina la dokotala wa ku America yemwe poyamba adalongosola pakati pa zaka zapitazo. Kuchokera nthawi imeneyo, zokhudzana ndi matendawa zakhala zikuwonjezeredwa pang'ono chifukwa cha zovuta komanso zovuta za kuphunzira, koma chifukwa cha matekinoloje amasiku ano sizingatheke kupezeka mu utero, komabe zimathandizidwa.
Matenda a Goldenhar - ndi chiyani?
Matendawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito, omwe amatchulidwanso kuti "oculo-auriculo-vertebral dysplasia", "matenda osokoneza bongo", ndi matenda omwe amabwera chifukwa cha matenda omwe ali nawo. Matenda a chifuwa amayamba kuwonongeka panthawi yopangira mazira a mitsempha - njira zochepetsera thupi, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pansi pa nsagwada, phokoso la temporomandibular komanso mawonekedwe a thandizo la kumva.
Kuphunzira mwatsatanetsatane matenda a Goldenhar, matenda a mtundu wanji, chifukwa chake maonekedwe ake, asayansi amapeza kuti amayi sagwidwa ndi matendawa, ndipo chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa malowa, malowa amakhala ochepa kwambiri pa zovuta za chitukuko cha cranio-maxillofacial. " Ndipo" pakamwa pakamwa ". Kuzindikiritsa za matendawa m'matumbo kungatheke pakapita masabata makumi awiri ndi awiri mphambu makumi awiri ndi awiri (20-24) pa nthawi yogonana pogwiritsa ntchito njira yowunikira.
Matenda a Goldenhar - amachititsa
Sichidziwika bwino chomwe matenda a Goldenhar ali ndi chifukwa, koma asayansi ambiri amaganiza kuti matendawa ndi amtundu wanji. Zigawo za matendawa ndi zachibadwa, koma kawirikawiri pambuyo pofunsa za achibale a odwala chidziwitso chimatengedwa. Zolingaliro zina zimalingalira za ubale wa chitukuko cha matenda ndi zotsatira pamayambiriro oyambirira a mimba ya mankhwala ena, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Kuonjezerapo, mfundo zotsatirazi kuchokera kwa anamnesis wa amayi oyembekezera zimayesedwa kuti ndizoopsa pa chitukuko cha matenda:
- ukwati wokhetsa magazi;
- mimba yapitayo;
- kulemera kwa thupi;
- matenda a shuga.
Matenda a Goldenhar - zizindikiro
Matenda a Goldengen amapezeka kwa ana akhanda poyesedwa, ndipo nthawi zambiri amadziwika ndi maonekedwe ambiri:
- underdevelopment ya nsagwada yapansi;
- Kupangidwira kwa diso (kulakwitsa kwa mpangidwe wa orbit ndi kukula kwake);
- chisokonezo cha auricle;
- kupweteka kwa kachilombo ka khola lachiberekero.
Nthaŵi zambiri, zizindikiro zimapezeka pambali imodzi ya nkhope ndi thunthu, zilonda zam'mimba sizikhala zofala kwambiri. Mlingo wa kuuma ndi kuphatikiza mawonetsedwe ndiwodziwika. Kuwonjezera pa izi, pali zizindikiro zotsatirazi za matenda a Goldenhar:
1. Makhalidwe a nkhope ndi pakamwa:
- asymmetry ya nkhope;
- Kupititsa patsogolo gawo la zygomatic;
- kutuluka pamphumi;
- kukamwa mkamwa kwakukulu;
- mipiringidzo yowonjezera;
- malingaliro amtundu;
- phala palate kapena milomo.
2. Ziphuphu za ziwalo za kumva ndi kuona:
- kulibe;
- kusangalatsa kwa ngalande yodalirika;
- wosamva;
- mphukira;
- chilema cha oculomotor musculature;
- diso;
- atrophy wa iris;
- diso lopukuta.
3. Matenda a ziwalo za mkati ndi zigoba:
- chilema cha khoma la mtima;
- aorta;
- tchalitchi ;
- malalies a bronchopulmonary dongosolo;
- hydrocephalus;
- chithunzi cha pelal foal;
- malformation a nthiti;
- chiwonetsero;
- Kusakaniza kwa chiberekero choyamba cha versabra ndi occipital bone;
- chithandizo;
- kusintha maganizo.
Matenda a Goldenhar - mankhwala
Malingana ndi mawonetseredwe osiyanasiyana, odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a Goldenhar amatha kusiyanitsa mankhwala, omwe nthawi zambiri amachitika, pamene mwana akukula. M'madera ochepa, n'zotheka kuyang'anitsitsa akatswiri osiyanasiyana mpaka mwanayo atakwanitsa zaka zitatu, pambuyo pake njira zochiritsira zimalimbikitsidwa, kuphatikizapo opaleshoni, mankhwala a orthodontic. Milandu yovuta kwambiri, njira zambiri zimapangidwira mpaka zaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri.
Chithandizo cha orthodontics chimachitika mu magawo atatu akuluakulu, omwe akugwirizana ndi chitukuko cha dentoalveolar (nthawi ya mano a mkaka, kusintha kwa nthawi, nthawi yoluma). Odwala amapatsidwa zipangizo zowonongeka ndi zosachotseratu za kukonza nsagwada ndi zilonda za kuluma, ndipo malangizowo amaperekedwa motsatira malamulo a chithandizo. Kawirikawiri ali ndi zaka 16-18, njira zonse zothandizira ndi zakonzanso zikukwaniritsidwa.
Matenda a Goldenhar - opaleshoni
Magemicomia microsomia imathandizidwa ndi khalidwe lovomerezeka lothandizira opaleshoni, mtundu, chiwerengero, ndi chiwerengero chake chimene chimasiyana malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa kuvulala. Kawirikawiri, ntchito izi ndizo:
- endoprosthetics ya mgwirizano wa temporomandibular, nsagwada (m'munsi, chapamwamba);
- kuponderezana-kusokoneza osteosynthesis;
- osteotomy wa mphuno;
- matenda osokoneza bongo;
- genioplasty;
- rhinoplasty;
- pulasitiki ya auricle;
- Mphepete mwa nsagwada yapansi, ndi zina zotero.
Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Goldenhar
Odwala omwe amapezeka ndi matenda a Goldenhar asanayambe opaleshoni komanso atatha opaleshoni angaoneke mosiyana. Ngati nthawi yoyenera muubwana idzachitidwa opaleshoni, kuphatikizapo pulasitiki, ndiye kuti zizindikiro zakunja za matendawa zikhoza kukhala palibe. Pali zitsanzo zambiri zomwe anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Goldenhar amaphunzira bwino, kupeza ntchito yabwino, kutsogolera mabanja ndi kubereka ana.
Matenda a Goldenhar - kufotokoza
Kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a Goldenhar, maulendowa amavomerezedwa nthawi zambiri, ndipo zimadalira kwambiri kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo za mkati. Pozindikira zovuta zonse zolakwika, kugwiritsa ntchito njira zonse zothetsera zolakwira, kuganizira mozama kwa wodwalayo, kuthandizira maganizo, pali mwayi wodzala.