Padziko lapansi, kuwonjezera pa makontinenti, pali zigawo zambiri zazing'ono zozungulira nthaka kuzungulira kumbali zonse ndi madzi. Iwo amatchedwa zilumba. Nambala yeniyeni ya asayansi ndi yodabwitsa, koma lero pali deta pazilumba zikwi zingapo.
Zilumbazi zingakhale zosakwatiwa ndipo zimakhazikitsa magulu onse, omwe amatchedwa zida. Ngati malo amtunda akuwonekera chifukwa cha kugunda kwa mbale ziwiri kapena zingapo zapilisi, adatambasula pang'onopang'ono ndi chingwe chopapatiza, amatchedwa chilumba cha chilumba. Poyambirira, zilumbazi ndizilumba komanso mapiri. Palinso mitundu yosiyanasiyana yambiri - zilumba za coral (mabwinja ndi mapulaneti). Koma kukula kwake kuli kosiyana kwambiri.
Chilumba chachikulu
Kuti mudziwe kuti chilumba chachikulu ndi chiani pa dziko lonse lapansi komanso chomwe chimatchedwa, ndikwanira kuyang'ana padziko lonse lapansi. Kukula kwa chilumbachi ndi chachikulu kwambiri moti mwamsanga mudzachiwona - ichi ndi Greenland . Malo ake ndi 2.2 miliyoni mita mamita! Greenland ndi chigawo cha Denmark chodziimira. Chifukwa cha thandizo lachiDanishi, anthu okhala pachilumbachi ali ndi mwayi wolandira maphunziro aulere, chithandizo chamankhwala. Nyengo pa chilumba ichi ndi yovuta kwambiri, ngakhale nyengo yotentha kwambiri kutentha kwake sikupitirira madigiri 10 a kutentha, ngakhale kuti imadumphira kufika madigiri 21. Chitukuko chachikulu, chomwe chimakhala ndi anthu akumeneko, ndicho kusodza. Mwa njira, chiwerengero cha chilumbachi mu 2011 chinali anthu 57.6 zikwi.
Anthu oyambirira omwe adapezeka ku Greenland zaka zoposa 4,000 zapitazo anali Eskimos omwe adachoka ku America. Mpaka zaka makumi atatu zapitazo, Greenland inatsekedwa kudziko lakunja, ndipo miyoyo ya pansi pano inasiyidwa kwambiri. Nkhondoyo inachititsa kuti chilumbachi chikhale gulu la asilikali ku America. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, dziko lonse laphunzira kuti kuli chilumbacho. Ndipo lero, Greenland sitingatchedwe kutseguka ndi kupezeka kwa alendo. Izi sizothandiza pa malo ake. Komabe, thandizo la amishonale ku Denmark limakhudza - pang'onopang'ono chilumbacho chimayambitsa zowona zachilengedwe . Boma la Greenland limapereka chiyembekezo. Pali chinachake chowona. Chilengedwe chokha, chosasanthuka ndi chitukuko, chiri nacho ichi.
Zilumba 10 zapamwamba kwambiri padziko lapansi
M'zilumba 10 zazikulu padziko lonse lapansi, kupatula Greenland, yomwe ili ndi mtsogoleri, ikuphatikizapo chilumba cha New Guinea . Ngakhale kuti dera lawo liri laling'ono katatu, chilumba ichi chinali pa malo achiwiri a dziko lapansi. Dziko la New Guinea limagawanika pafupifupi pakati pa Indonesia ndi Papua New Guinea. Atsogoleri atatu apamwamba ndi chilumba cha Kalimantan , chomwe chigawo chake chili ndi makilomita 37,000 okha kuposa a New Guinea. Kalimantan imagawanika pakati pa Brunei, Malaysia ndi Indonesia.
Malo achinayi ndi a chilumba cha Madagascar . Malo ake ndi kilomita 578.7 lalikulu. Kenaka akubwera chilumba cha Canada cha Baffin Island (makilomita 507 square) ndi Indonesia Indatra (makilomita 443).
Malo asanu ndi awiri ndi chilumba chachikulu kwambiri ku Ulaya - Great Britain . Nazi mamembala atatu a United Kingdom of Great Britain ndi Northern Ireland (England, Wales ndi Scotland). Malo a chilumba ichi ali pafupifupi theka la zizilumba zoyenda, koma komanso chidwi - makilomita 229,800 lalikulu.
Zilumba khumi zazikulu padziko lonse lapansi ndi chilumba cha Honshu cha Japan (makilomita 227,900,000), komanso zilumba ziwiri za Canada - Victoria (83,800,000 kilomita) ndi Elmsmere (196,2,000 mita mamita). km.).