Matenda a nkhumba zamagazi akhoza kuchepetsa kwambiri moyo wawo. Kodi nkhumba zidzakhala ndi nthawi yaitali bwanji, zimadalira zinthu zambiri, koma chinthu chachikulu ndikudyetsa komanso kusamalira. Kudyetsa kosayenera kumabweretsa kufooka kwakukulu kwa chitetezo komanso kutopa kwa thupi. Zotsatira za kuchitira nkhumba nkhumba ku matenda ambiri zimadalira momwe boma limatetezera.
Chithandizo choyamba choyenera chiyenera kusonkhanitsidwa kwa eni ake a nkhumba, zomwe ziyenera kuphatikizapo mankhwala osamalira zilonda, madontho a maso, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, maantibayotiki, ndi mankhwala ena oyenera kuti apeze nkhumba. Muyeneranso kukhala ndi mwayi nthawi iliyonse kupeza uphungu kuchokera kwa veterinarian wabwino ndikupanga mayeso oyenerera.
Funso lina lofunsidwa ndi eni a zinyamazi ndilo "Zaka zingati zikukhala nkhumba zamphongo?" Pokhala ndi bwino, nkhumba zimakhala zaka 9 mpaka 10, komabe nthawi zina zimakhala ndi zaka khumi ndi zisanu. Ukalamba wa nkhumba imakhudza chikhalidwe cha chitetezo, ukalamba umayamba kuyambira zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri mpaka zisanu ndi zitatu, nyamayi pa msinkhu uwu imafuna chidwi ndi chidwi.
Matenda a nkhumba zamagazi
Kuti mudziwe nthawi yeniyeni ya matendawa, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa bwinobwino. Ngati nthenda ya nkhumba imawombera, pali ubweya wa tsitsi, ndiye chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa. Mafinya ambiri a nkhumba akufota, utitiri, nsabwe ndi mphere ndizofala, zomwe ndizoopsa kwa anthu. Ngati chachikazi chimagwera pambali pa tsitsi, ndiye izi zikuwonetsa chitukuko cha chotupa chamimba, choncho, kuyesera kuyenera. Maonekedwe a nyerere mu nkhumba zingakhale chizindikiro cha chotupa, ndipo ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri amakhala oopsa, opaleshoni ingathandize. Koma ubweya wolimba wokhutira ukhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha matenda a tizilombo. Kawirikawiri, kusintha kwa khalidwe, maonekedwe, kukana kudya, kutsegula m'mimba, kapena kudzimbidwa m'magawo a nkhumba ndi zizindikiro za matenda osiyanasiyana, motero n'kofunika kuonana ndi katswiri mwamsanga.
Nkhumba zimatengeka kwambiri ndi chimfine. Zojambula ndi hypothermia zimayambitsa matenda opuma m'magazi a nkhumba. Matenda ambiri ndiwo chimfine, chomwe chimathamanga msanga ku chibayo. Zoopsa ndi pasteurellosis, yomwe imayambanso ndi chimfine, koma kenako imakhudza dongosolo la kupuma ndipo imatsogolera ku imfa ya chinyama. Kwa munthu, vuto lalikulu kwambiri ndi lymphocytic choriomeningitis, lomwe limayambitsa meningoencephalitis. Matendawa amatha kuwonetsa ngati chibayo, zovuta kupuma. Ngati pali zizindikiro zomwezo komanso nkhumba yafa, ndiye kuti autopsy iyenera kuchitidwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti palibe ngozi kwa anthu.
Kuonongeka kwa nkhumba za nkhumba ndi mphutsi, mavuto a mano, kuperewera kwa zakudya zoperewera, matenda a tizilombo angayambitse matenda a chimbudzi. Zoopsa kwambiri ndi enteritis, m'mimba zilonda. Pamene zilonda ndi E. coli nyama imamwalira mkati mwa masiku awiri. Salmonella mu mawonekedwe ophatikizanso amachititsa imfa ya chinyama, pamene ndi yoopsa kwa anthu.
Matenda owopsa kwambiri kwa nkhumba za mbuzi ndi pseudotuberculosis ndi ziwalo, zomwe mwa kanthawi kochepa zingathe kuwononga nkhumba zonse zomwe zimakhala pamodzi.
Kodi mungatani kuti mupeze chithandizo cha nkhumba ngati akudwala?
Choyamba, odwala matope ayenera kukhala okhaokha. Kwa zizindikiro zonse za matenda, muyenera kuonana ndi katswiri. Zingakhale zovuta kwambiri kuti zidziwe popanda kuyesedwa, koma veterinarian wabwino akhoza kudziwa chomwe chithandizo choyamba chiyenera kuperekedwa kwa chinyama. Nthawi zina zimakhala zokwanira kusintha mkhalidwe wa m'mimba kapena kusintha chakudya. Pamene mavuto ndi mano amafuna opaleshoni,
Kuchokera kwa chisamaliro choyenera cha nkhumba ya nkhumba kumadalira momwe angakhalire. Kuti nyamayo ikhale yosangalala ndi eni ake kwa nthawi yayitali, m'pofunika kusunga malamulo osavuta osunga ndi kudyetsa komanso osanyalanyaza malingaliro a obereketsa omwe ali ndi zochitika zambiri powasamalira.