Mayesero achidziwitso

Chiwindi ndilo chiwalo chofunika kwambiri, popanda munthu amene sichikanakhalapo. Chiwindi chimagwira ntchito zonse zamagetsi, zimachotsa poizoni, zimayambitsa chimbudzi. Yerekezerani momwe chiwalochi chikugwiritsidwira ntchito ndi kuthetsa kafukufuku wapadera - chomwe chimatchedwa kuyesa magazi.

Kodi kuyembekezera magazi kumayesero a chiwindi ndi chiyani?

Kuyesedwa kwachidziwitso ndi njira zovuta zowonongeka za chilengedwe zomwe zimathandiza kudziwa matenda a chiwindi (ndi bile ducts) mu zinthu zina zomwe ziri m'magazi. Ngati, malinga ndi zotsatira za kuyesedwa kwa chiwindi, kuchuluka kwa zinthuzi kuwonjezeka kapena kuchepa, izi zikuwonetsa kuswa kwa kayendetsedwe ka thupi. Kawirikawiri, mayesero oopsa amachititsa kuti ziganizidwe izi zichitike:

• alanine aminotransferase (ALT);
• aspartate aminotransferase (ACT);
• gamma-glutamyltransferase (GTT);
• alkaline phosphatase (AFP);
• bilirubin (onse, molunjika ndi osalunjika);
• mapuloteni a seramu ya magazi (makamaka, albumin), ndi zina zotero.

Kodi mungayesedwe motani ndi chiwindi?

Kuyesedwa kwachidziwitso kumafuna kukonza kukonzekera, komwe kumakhala kusunga malamulo ngati awa:

1. Kwa masiku awiri musanayambe kufufuza, musamawonjezere kuwonjezera thupi lanu, kumwa mowa, kusala kudya zokometsera, zokazinga ndi mafuta.
2. Mutatha kudya, maola 8 ayenera kudutsa.
3. Kuchotsa mankhwala kwa masabata amodzi kapena awiri musanayambe kusanthula (kopanda kutero, dziwitsani dokotala za mankhwala ndi mlingo zomwe zinagwiritsidwa ntchito).

Mayesero achilendo - olembedwa

Tiyeni tione zomwe zotsatira za kusanthula ndi zopotoka kuchokera ku chikhalidwe chimodzi kapena china chingathe kunena. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mu ma laboratori osiyanasiyana njira zophunzitsira zimasiyanasiyana, choncho zizindikiro za chikhalidwe chodziwika bwino sizili zofanana. Kuwonjezera apo, pofufuza kafukufuku, zizindikiro zonse zovutazi zimaganiziridwa, kulingalira za msinkhu, kugonana kwa wodwala, matenda ogonana, madandaulo, ndi zina zotero.

1. ALT - mavitamini opangidwa ndi chiwindi, mbali yaying'ono yomwe imapita ku magazi. Chizoloŵezi cha ALT cha amai ndi magawo 35 / l, kwa amuna - magawo 50 / lita. Ngati kafukufukuwo akuwonetsa kuwonjezeka kwa ALT kawiri kapena kawiri, izi zingasonyeze kuphwanya kwakukulu kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, necrosis yoopsa ya hepatocytes, mavairasi a chiwindi. Mankhwala apamwamba a ALT amawoneka ndi chiwindi cha poizoni, chiwindi cha chiwindi , chisokonezo m'chiwindi, kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi chauchidakwa.
2. AST - mavitamini omwe alowa m'magazi chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa maselo. Ulamuliro wa AST ndi wofanana ndi ALT. Mlingo wa AST, kupitirira kawiri kawiri kawiri, umapezeka mu matenda a chiwindi ndi matenda a chiwindi, limodzi ndi necrosis ya minofu yodabwitsa. Kuwonjezeka kwa zinthu za AST kungasonyezenso kuwonongeka kwa minofu ya mtima. Kuti mumvetse chiwalo chimene chikukhudzidwa - chiwindi kapena mtima, ngati pali chiwerengero cha AST ndi ALT, chiŵerengero cha AST / ALT - dechititsanso kuti chiwerengero chake chikhale chogwiritsidwa ntchito (normally 0.8 - 1). Kuwonjezeka kwa coefficient kumasonyeza matenda a mtima, ndipo kuchepa kumatanthauza chiwindi cha chiwindi.
3. GTT ndi enzyme, yomwe ikuwonjezeka ndi matenda onse a chiwindi: matenda a chiwindi a etiology, cholestasis, kuledzera kwa chiwindi, ndi zina zotero. GTT yachibadwa kwa amuna - 2 - 55 ma unit / l, kwa amayi - 4 - 38 ma unit / lita.
4. AP ndi puloteni yomwe ikukhudza phosphorus. Chizoloŵezi cha APF ndi masentimita 30 mpaka 120 / lita. Kuwonjezeka kwa mlingo wa alpine phosphatase kungasonyeze chiwindi cha hepatitis, cirrhosis, mitsempha yochuluka ya necrosis, hepatocarcinoma, sarcoidosis, chifuwa chachikulu , chifuwa cha chiwindi, ndi zina zotero. Komanso, kuchulukitsa moyenera kwa enzyme iyi m'magazi kungakhale kachipatala - panthawi ya mimba komanso pambuyo pa kutha kwa thupi.
5. Albumin ndi mapuloteni ofunika kwambiri othandizira ndi chiwindi. Chizolowezi chake ndi 38 - 48 g / l. Mtundu wa albumin umachepa ndi chiwindikiro, kutentha kwa chiwindi, khansara kapena zilonda za chiwindi. Kuwonjezeka kwa albumin kumawonongeka ndi gawo la madzi (malungo, kutsegula m'mimba), komanso kuvulala ndi kuwotchedwa.
6. Bilirubin - imodzi mwa zigawo za bile, imapangidwa panthawi ya hemoglobin. Kuwonjezeka kwa msinkhu wa bilirubin kungasonyeze kuti chiwindi sichilephera, kutsekedwa kwa ma bile, chiwindi choopsa cha chiwindi, chiwindi choopsa cha chiwindi, ndi zina zotero.

Miyambo ya bilirubin:

• 5,0 - 21,0 μmol / l - zonse;
• 3.4 μmol / l - molunjika;
• 3,4 - 18,5 mkmol / l - osalunjika.