Ntchito ya ozimitsa moto ndi mndandanda wa ntchito zoopsa kwambiri, ndipo zochepa zimadziwika za moyo wa magulu opulumutsa. Ndi nthawi yokonza cholakwika ichi.
Chimene anthu ambiri amadziŵa ponena za ozimitsa moto ndi nambala ya foni kuti ayitane gululi, amanyamula galimoto yofiira ndi kuzimitsa moto pogwiritsa ntchito mapepala. Zomwe zili zovuta kwambiri, choncho ndinayenera kupeza chilichonse chodziwikiratu, komanso kwa inu - mfundo zochepa zokhudzana ndi ntchito yoopsa ya utumiki wamoto.
1. Miyambo yofunikila
Tsiku lililonse kusintha kwatsopano kumayamba ndi njira zowonetsera: cheke cha zipangizo zopuma, zovala zolimbana ndi zolemba zaumwini zimayendetsedwa, zomwe ndizofunikira pokhapokha ngati zili zovuta, kuti azindikire munthu akafa.
2. Kusintha kwautali
Kawirikawiri, oyendetsa moto amagwira ntchito mogwirizana ndi dongosolo "tsiku limodzi", koma m'magulu ena anthu amagwiritsa ntchito masiku 3-4 motsatira maola 10-12. Ngati pali zovuta, anyamatawa akhoza kugwira ntchito popanda kupuma kwa tsiku limodzi.
3. Oyang'anira moto oyambirira
Amakhulupirira kuti kwa nthawi yoyamba anthu anapanga brigades kuti awotche moto ku England, ndipo izi zinali zoyambitsa makampani a inshuwalansi omwe ankafuna kuchepetsa kuwonongeka pakagwa masoka. Sichidziwika bwino, koma akuti oyamba oyaka moto anaonekera mu 1722.
4. Azimayi amagwirizana ndi amuna
Panali zozizwitsa zomwe zimagwirira ntchito mwakhama ndi amuna, koma kwenikweni mkazi woyamba kukhala munthu woyaka moto anali Molly Williams, yemwe adalowa mu utumiki kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900. Patapita kanthawi, panali brigades zosiyana, zomwe zinaphatikizapo oimira okhaokha.
5. N'chifukwa chiyani chidebe cha moto cha cone chikuwonekera?
Masiku ano magetsi a moto amapatsidwa matekinoloje amakono omwe apangitsa moto kutentha kwambiri. Izi zisanakhalepo, ndipo anthu amagwiritsa ntchito zidebe za mawonekedwe oyenera. Iwo anali ndi ubwino awiri ofunika: kupanga zipangizo zoterezo kunalibe kanthu kakang'ono, ndipo pamene ankataya, osati madzi ochulukirapo, motero moto unathamanga mofulumira.
6. mawonekedwe apadera
Kuti agwiritse suti kwa wowotcha moto amatha kugwiritsa ntchito nsalu yapadera, yomwe imatha kupirira kutentha mpaka 1200 ° C. Kuonjezerapo, zimateteza zotsatira za zida zamchere komanso ma alkali. Chifukwa cha zinthu zimenezi amoto amatha kupulumutsa anthu kuti asatenthe nyumba.
7. Kufunidwa pamoto
Pamalo olamula opulumutsa, moto wamoto suli wokongola basi. Ndipotu, n'kofunika kuti muthamangire mofulumira kuchokera pansi pawiri, monga, monga lamulo, pa chipinda choyamba cha nyumbayo muli magalimoto ndi zipangizo, ndipo anthu ali pa chipinda chachiwiri. Zisanu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupifupi zaka 140.
8. Zida zamakono
Kugwira ntchito pa ozimitsa moto sizowopsa chabe, komanso kuli kolemetsa, komanso m'mawu enieni, popeza akuyenera kudzipangira okha 5 mpaka 30 kg. Zonse zimadalira chomwe chovalacho chimapangidwa, ndipo chomwe chikuphatikizidwa mu chovalacho. Chifukwa chofunika kwambiri, zikuonekeratu kuti ntchito ya wopseza moto ndi yokwanira kwa anthu ophunzitsidwa mwakuthupi.
9. Nthawi yofikira pamoto
Malinga ndi lamulo lapadera, ziphuphu zamoto ziyenera kufika pamoto mkati mwa maminiti khumi. Koma kumidzi, nthawi imakula mpaka mphindi 20. Zigawo izi zimatanthauzidwa ndi mfundo yakuti panthawiyi moto umapita pang'onopang'ono ndipo zidzakhala zosavuta kuzizimitsa.
10. Zinthu zokongoletsedwa bwino
Pamene chizindikiro chikuvomerezeka kuti moto wayamba, brigade ili ndi mphindi zingapo kuti iikepo, tengani zipangizozo ndikukhala mu galimoto. Kuti achite izi, amaika zinthu zawo mwachindunji, mwachitsanzo, mathalauza amayamba kupotoka ndikuyika mu boti.
11. Zosungiramo madzi
M'galimoto yoyenera ndi tangi, yomwe imakhala ndi madzi okwana 2 350. Ngati kokha kamodzi kogwirizana, ndiye kuti bukuli lidzawonongedwa mu 7.5 mphindi. Makina onse ali ndi mpope wapadera wokonzedweratu kubwezeretsa madzi osungirako. Ikhoza kugwirizanitsidwa ndi madzi otentha kapena kupopera madzi kuchokera kumalo otseguka.
12. Kutaya ndevu ndi masharubu
Malinga ndi malamulowa, antchito ozimitsa moto sakuyenera kukhala ndi ndevu zazikulu ndi masharubu, koma amakana kuwombera nkhope. Kuletsedwa kumeneku ndi chifukwa chakuti pantchito iwo amafunikira mask okosijeni, yomwe iyenera kugwirizana molimba, ndipo zomera ndi zokongoletsera zosiyanasiyana zimadzitetezera.
13. Chilango cha opha moto
Ngati munthu akuwotcha, sangathe kumuneneza, koma ozimitsa motowo akhoza kuyang'aniridwa. Moto utatha, gulu la ofufuza lifika pamalo a chochitikacho, chomwe chimatsimikizira kuti gwero la moto ndi chiyani ndipo chimapanga chivomerezo chowotcha moto. Amayesa ngati timagulu timagwira ntchito molondola komanso ngati sizinawonongeke zomwe zingapewe.
14. Moto suzimitsa moto
Ntchito ya brigades ya moto ndi yaikulu kuposa momwe ambiri amaganizira. Amapulumutsa anthu m'madera osiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo, ngati atakanikizidwa mu elevator kapena ali m'nyumba yosweka. Ozimitsa moto ali ndi luso losiyana lomwe amagwiritsira ntchito cholinga chimodzi - kusunga moyo waumunthu. Komanso, amapulumutsa nyama.
15. Ozimitsa moto - odzipereka
M'mayiko ambiri pali anthu omwe amadzipereka kuti achite nawo magulu a moto. Nthaŵi zambiri, iwo ali bungwe kumene boma silingathe kusunga ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, ku Chile muli oposa zikwi khumi ozimitsa moto omwe amapereka malipiro mwezi uliwonse ndipo amaphunzira maphunziro apadera. M'mayiko ena, anthu okhawo amene ali ndi maphunziro apamwamba angakhale ozimitsa moto.
16. Kugwira ntchito pa kukhudzana
Mu mafilimu onena za ntchito ya ozimitsa moto amasonyeza momwe amayendera mozungulira nyumba yoyaka moto ndikupeza ozunzidwa kapena njira yotulukira, koma m'moyo weniweni ndizosiyana. Mu nyumba yotentha, chifukwa cha utsi, palibe chomwe chingakhoze kuwonedwa nkomwe, ndipo chifukwa cha kuwomba kwakukulu kwa malawi palibe kanthu kamvedwe, ngakhale kufuula anthu. Muzochitika zoterezi, musayambe kuchotsa chigobacho, ngati simungathe kuzimitsa. Choncho, opulumutsa amalowa muzipinda zoyaka pafupi ndi kukhudza.
17. Othandizira mamita anayi
Kuyambira nthawi imene oyendetsa moto ankagwira ntchito pa akavalo, gululi linaphatikizapo agalu, ndipo kwenikweni anali a Dalmatia. Mtundu uwu ndi wopanda mantha, ndipo n'zosavuta kuphunzira. Anthu a ku Dalmatiya ankakhala limodzi ndi akavalo, chifukwa amakhulupirira kuti nyama zimayenera kuyankhulana bwino kuti zikhale ndi ntchito yabwino. Agalu a mtundu uwu akhala chizindikiro china cha ozimitsa moto, koma lero zinyama ndi mitundu ina imakopeka ndi ntchito. Ntchito yawo yaikulu ndi kufufuza anthu, chifukwa amatha kupeza ozunzidwa, pamene munthu alibe mwayi wotero, mwachitsanzo, ndi mphepo yolimba.
18. Zikhulupiriro zamoto
Ngati mukufuna kulakalaka otentha moto, chifukwa izi ndizozoloŵera kunena "manja ouma", koma izi ndi chifukwa chakuti kutentha kumapangidwa kudzera muipi yomwe imatchedwa "hose hose" ndipo ikadali youma, ndiye kuti palibe moto. Malinga ndi liwu lina, ozimitsa moto samayankhulana wina ndi mzake ndi dzanja ndipo samafuna "usiku wabwino" kuti asakumane pa webusaiti tsiku lomwelo. Kuwonjezera apo, malingana ndi chiwerengero, mwezi wathunthu, chiwerengero cha moto chikuwonjezeka, chomwe chiri ndi malingaliro ena osamveka ndipo chimachititsa kukhulupirira zamatsenga.