Makamaka, mu thupi la munthu aliyense pali chiwalo chophatikizidwa chotchedwa ureter. Mu maonekedwe, ndi chubu chopanga, kutalika kwake komwe sikukhala masentimita 30, ndi kukula kwake - kuchokera 4 mpaka 7 mm. M'nkhani ino tidzakudziwitsani chifukwa chake osowa amafunikira, momwe alili, komanso zomwe zimagwira ntchito thupi ili.
Chikhalidwe cha ureter mwa amayi ndi abambo
Odwala m'thupi la amuna ndi akazi amachokera ku nsomba zapakhosi. Kuwonjezera apo, ma tubes amapita kumbuyo kwa peritoneum ndikufika pakhoma la chikhodzodzo, kudzera mmalo mwake omwe amalowa mkati mwa malangizo oblique.
Khoma la ureter uliwonse liri ndi zigawo zitatu:
- chigoba chakunja, chokhala ndi minofu yolumikizana;
- misala;
- memphane ya mucous yophimba ureter mkati.
Chiwerengero cha ureters ndi mtengo wapatali ndipo amasiyana kwambiri pa malo osiyana. Choncho, mwachizoloŵezi munthu aliyense ali ndi zigawo zingapo zochepa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazigawo izi:
- pamalo osinthira mapepala a renal mu ureter;
- usanayambe kuchoka mu uphungu wazing'ono;
- m'madera ena m'mphepete mwazing'ono kapena m'kati mwake;
- Asanalowe pakhomo la chiwalo chilichonse mu chikhodzodzo.
Kutalika kwa chiwalo ichi mwa anthu osiyanasiyana kungakhalenso kosiyana, malingana ndi chiwerewere, zaka ndi zinthu zina zomwe munthu amatha kuchita.
Choncho, ureter wamkazi nthawi zambiri ndi 20-25 mmfupi kuposa wamwamuna. Pamagulu ang'onoang'ono a amayi okongola iyi tube ikukakamizika kuvala ziwalo zogonana zamkati, kotero zimakhala zosiyana.
Poyambirira, akazi amkati amadutsa pamphepete mwa mazira, ndiyeno pamunsi mwa chiwalo chachikulu cha chiberekero. Kuwonjezera apo, ma tubes omwe ali pambali ya oblique kupita mu chikhodzodzo mkati mwathu mwabambo, pomwe pamphambano minofu ya sphincter imapangidwa.
Ntchito ya ureter mu thupi la munthu
Ntchito yayikulu yomwe oyendetsa amachitako ndikutumiza mkodzo kuchokera kumtambo wa ntchentche kupita ku chikhodzodzo. Kukhalapo kwa minofu yosanjikiza pakhoma la chiwalochi kumapangitsa kusintha nthawi zonse m'lifupi pansi pa kukakamizidwa kwa mkodzo ukuyenda mkati mwa mkati mwa chubu, chifukwa chaichi chimakhala "mkati" mkati. Komanso, mkodzo sungabwererenso, monga gawo la ureter mkati mwa chikhodzodzo chimakhala ngati valve ndi fuse.