Lingaliro la nthano za chimera ndi dikishonale yofotokozera zimapereka tanthauzo losiyana. M'lingaliro lophiphiritsira, izi zimatchedwa lingaliro lopanda nzeru, malingaliro, ndi molunjika - cholengedwa chachilendo chomwe chili ndi mutu wa mkango ndi thupi la mbuzi, lotchulidwa m'nthano zakale za Chigiriki ndi nthano zosiyanasiyana.
Chimera - ichi ndi chiani?
Chimera - cholengedwa chamoyo, chomwe chinapangidwa ndi ziwalo ziwiri. Bambo ake anali chimphona chachikulu cha Typhon, yemwe ali ndi mphamvu zodabwitsa, ndipo amayi ake ndi chinjoka Echidna. Wachiwiriyo anafotokozedwa m'nthano ngati mkazi wokhala ndi nkhope yokongola ndi thupi la njoka. Iye anabala ana ambiri choopsya choposa china chake - ma Greek mutants akale. Anaberekanso chimera, dzina lake likhoza kumasuliridwa kuti "mbuzi". Lero, mawuwa nthawi zina amafotokozedwa ndi cholengedwa chirichonse chodabwitsa-chosakanizidwa, kuphatikizapo mawonekedwe ake zomwe zimapezeka minyama zingapo.
Kodi chimera chikuwoneka bwanji?
Mwana wamkazi wa Echidna anali ndi mawonekedwe ake osadziŵika bwino. Malinga ndi nthawi, chikhalidwe ndi ntchito yofotokozera, fanolo likhoza kusintha njira imodzi, ngakhale kuti zomwezo zakhalabe zosasintha.
- Kwa nthawi yoyamba, chilombo cha chimera chimatchulidwa mu Homer's Iliad monga cholengedwa cha mutu wa mkango, thupi la mbuzi ndi mchira mutu wa njoka kumapeto kwake.
- Mu chipangano china - "Theogony" Hesiod - chirombochi chikuwonekera kale katatu. Zinyama zonse zimayaka moto.
- Apollo ali ndi malingaliro odabwitsa kwambiri: mutu wa mbuzi umakula kuchokera pakati pa thupi la cholengedwa, komanso umapuma moto.
- M'zinthu zina, chilombocho chili ndi mapiko komanso khungu losafikira.
Chimera ndi gargoyle - kusiyana
M'zaka za m'ma 500 mpaka m'ma 1500, anthu amadziwika kuti gargoyles ndi chimeras, koma kale sichikugwirizana ndi kalembedwe ka Chigiriki. Mizimu yonyansa imeneyi inkawoneka mosiyana siyana: ziwanda, mikanda, mikango, mapiko, nyani ndi zamoyo zina, zotsutsana. Zithunzi zojambulajambula zinamangirira makoma a nyumba ndipo zidakonzedwa kuti zitunge madzi kuchokera padenga. Anatsanulira mitsempha yawo. Mosiyana ndi gargoyles, otsatira awo a chimera sanachite ntchito ndipo ankangokhala ngati zokongoletsa. Panali nthano kuti mafano a miyalawo akhoza kukhala amoyo ndi kuwopsya anthu.
Bellerophon ndi Chimera
Chimera mu nthano zinkawoneka zoipa ndi zoopsa. Atafika m'mapiri a Lycian, adagonjetsa midzi, ankachita nawo ziweto ndi anthu. Koma m'nthano za chilombo chilichonse ndi nyonga yake. Chimera sichinali chosiyana: cholengedwacho chinatha kugonjetsedwa ndi anyamata olimba mtima Bellerophon, yemwe sanakondedwe ndi milungu ndipo anatumizidwa ndi mfumu ya Lycia kukamenyana ndi chirombocho. Pegasus yophimba mapiko, Bellerophon anatha kugonjetsa chimera mothandizidwa ndi mkondo umene unamubaya. Chirombocho chinayesa kumumenya iye ndi moto, koma kutsogolo kutsogolo kunasungunuka ndi kuwononga chilombocho.
Nthano za Chimera
Pa moyo ndi imfa ya mwana wamkazi wa Echidna anaika nthano yomwe amawonekera ngati chizindikiro cha mphamvu zoipa. M'mabuku am'mbuyo am'mbuyo, chimera ndi chifaniziro chake zimapeza zinthu zina. Malinga ndi nthano imodzi, cholengedwa cha mutu zitatu ndizosunga zofanana, zabwino ndi zoipa padziko lapansi, mgwirizano wa otsutsana. Nzeru ndi chiweruzo zimakonzedwa ndi mkango, ndipo bodza ndi nkhanza ndi njoka. Zithunzi ziwiri zosalingana ndizofanana ndi mbuzi, ndiye mlezi wawo wamadzi. Mkango ndi njoka sizingathe kuwonongedwa, chifukwa sangathe kukhalira popanda wina ndi mnzake.
Akatswiri olemba mbiri amakono amayesa kuyerekeza nthano zokhudzana ndi chilombo ndi zenizeni za nthawi imeneyo. Kodi fano ili loopsya linachokera kuti? Pali mabaibulo awiri:
- chiyambi cha chilombo chopuma moto chimagwirizanitsidwa ndi Yanar ndi zinyama zomwe zimakhala pamapiri ake (mikango, mbuzi, njoka);
- kukankhira kumbuyo kwa nthano kunapereka zombo za pirate ndi zithunzi za nyama zotchulidwa pamwambapa;
Psychology yamakono imanena za chimera monga kulimbana pakati pa kuwala ndi mdima mkati mwa munthu. Mwachidziwitso, amamenyana wina ndi mzake, koma sangathe kukhalapo padera. M'madera osiyanasiyana kuphatikizapo maganizo - m'mabuku ndi zomangamanga mfundo imeneyi imakhala ngati imodzi, yosonkhanitsidwa kuchokera kumagulu osagwirizana, choncho amadana ndi zamoyo zonse.