Chololithiasis ndi matenda omwe amapezeka kawirikawiri, makamaka pakati pa amayi okalamba. Amuna amakhala ochepa kwambiri kwa kolera, amapezeka katatu kawiri kawiri. Matendawa amakhala ndi nthawi yaitali, choncho amapezeka kumapeto kwa chitukuko.
Chololithiasis - matendawa ndi chiyani?
Chifukwa chogwira ntchito yamagetsi, kupanga ndi kutuluka kwa bile nthawi zonse n'kofunika. Motsogoleredwa ndi zinthu zakunja ndi zamkati, zimatha kuteteza komanso kukhala ndi biliary sludge. Kuchokera kumalo oterewa, miyala kapena miyala mu chikhodzodzo cha ndulu amapangidwa. Amaonjezera kukula ndi kuchuluka kwake, amagwera m'matope (choledochus) ndi kuwaphimba, kusokoneza kutuluka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (cholelithiasis).
Zifukwa za cholelithiasis
Sikudziwika bwino chifukwa chake matendawa amayamba. Akatswiri amatchula zinthu, chifukwa cha cholelithiasis ikhoza kuyamba ndi mwayi waukulu. Pakati pawo, udindo waukulu umawonetsedwa ndi kugonana ndi msinkhu. Akazi ambiri amakhala ndi cholelithiasis, chiopsezo chawonjezeka pambuyo pa zaka 30. Zina zinayambitsa zifukwa za gallstones:
- mimba ndi kubala;
- matenda a chiwindi ;
- helminthiases ;
- congenital anomalies wa gallbladder ndi duodenum;
- chiwindi cha chiwindi;
- zizindikiro za zakudya (zomwe zili ndi mafuta ndi mapuloteni a nyama);
- matenda a hormoni;
- zochitika zochepa;
- matenda, kutupa kwa ndulu;
- kuvulala kwa msana;
- njala;
- Matenda a m'matumbo aang'ono;
- hemolysis;
- shuga;
- kusokoneza mafuta;
- onenepa kwambiri.
Matenda a Galastone - zizindikiro
Chifukwa chachikulu chodziŵiratu kuti matendawa ndi omwe amatha kupitilira, ndizopang'onopang'ono komanso zosaoneka bwino (zaka 7-10). Zizindikiro zomveka za cholelithiasis zimadziwika kale pamene choledocha ili yotsekedwa ndi zowonjezera ndi maonekedwe a aclic colic. Nthaŵi zambiri, chithunzi chofooka chimayang'aniridwa motsutsana ndi zolakwika za zakudya, koma anthu samakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi vutoli.
Miyala mu ndulu - zizindikiro:
- kuyambitsa ululu wowawa pamene mukugwira ntchito yoyipa, mutatha kudya mafuta, zonunkhira ndi okazinga, zakudya zowonjezera;
- kunyoza kwa nthawi yaitali;
- kumverera kolemetsa mu mbali yoyenera;
- kutopa, kugona.
Ngati cholelithiasis ikupita nthawi yaitali, imayambitsa colic:
- kupweteka kwambiri m'chigawo cha chiwindi cha chidulidwe kapena kupyoza, kupereka kwa mapewa, kusinthana, khosi;
- kunyozetsa ndi kusanza;
- mliri;
- angina pectoris;
- kutentha kwa thupi;
- chiwonetsero;
- mdima wa mkodzo.
Miyala mu ndulu - choti muchite chiyani?
Njira zamankhwala zimadalira chiwerengero ndi kukula kwa mikwingwirima, kuuma kwa cholelithiasis. Ndizosavuta ngati zing'onozing'ono (mpaka 1 masentimita) ndi zochepa zamagulu zimapezeka - mankhwala samangoperekedwa kuzinthu zowonjezereka za kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi komanso kusamalira zakudya za Pevzner. Kuonjezerapo, m'pofunikira kuti nthawi zonse muzichita kafukufuku wotsutsa, kuyesa kuchuluka kwa matenda, kukonza chiwerengero cha nthendayi.
Pamaso mwa miyala ikuluikulu (mpaka 2 cm) njira zopanda opaleshoni zikuwonetsedwa. Izi zikuphatikizapo kusokonezeka ndi mankhwala ndi kuswa kuchokera kunja. Njira zotero sizimapangitsa kuti zitha kuchitika ndipo sizikutanthauza kuti mutha kuchotsa cholelithiasis. Pambuyo pa kutha kwa miyala, iwo akhoza kupanga kachiwiri. Ngati pangakhalenso matenda aakulu kapena kupangidwa kwa miyala ikuluikulu (kuchokera 2 cm mamita), opaleshoni yothandizira imaperekedwa. Ndondomekoyi imaphatikizapo kuchotsa chikhodzodzo pamodzi ndi zolembazo.
Matenda a Galastone, kuukira - choti achite?
Colic ndi chikhalidwe chosasangalatsa komanso choopsa, kotero pa zizindikiro zake zoyambirira ndi zofunika kuti mwamsanga mupange msonkhano ndi dokotala. Kuwopsya kuli kovuta kwambiri, ngati miyala yaikulu imapangidwira mu bile, zizindikiro zimakhala zovuta ndi kutsekedwa kwa mphuno ndi kupuma. Izi zimapangitsa kuti thupi liledzeretsa molakwika komanso kuswa kwakukulu koyambitsa matenda.
Pano pali njira yothetsera vuto la cholelithiasis kunyumba:
- Kunama kwambili ndi kupumula, osasamala ntchito iliyonse yamanja.
- Kumwa spasmolytics ndi vasodilating kanthu (Yunispaz, Drotaverin, Pllalgin).
- Ndi kutentha kwakukulu, chitani antipyretic ndi anti-inflammatory drugs (Paracetamol, Ibuprom, Nurofen).
- Ngati pali chiopsezo chokhala ndi angina pectoris, imwani mankhwala kuti muonetsetse kuti ntchito ya mtima ( Asparkam , Spasmol, Nifedeks).
- Ikani mapazi anu otentha kapena kungokuphimba ndi bulangeti. Kutentha kumawonjezera ziwiya.
- Imwani pafupifupi 500 ml ya madzi ofunda.
- Ikani compress yofunda pa hypochondrium yolondola.
- Kwa maola 12, perekani kudya. Pambuyo posiya colic, mukhoza kusinthana kuti musadye zakudya.
- Kuukira kwa maola oposa 3 kumafuna kuyitana anthu ogwira ntchito ku ambulansi.
Mwala mu ndulu - mankhwala popanda opaleshoni
Thandizo lachidziwitso limalamulidwa ndi zing'onozing'ono zazing'ono zazing'ono. Ikuchitika mwa njira ziwiri:
- Kutaya kwa miyala mu ndulu. Kwa izi, zida (chenodeoxycholic ndi ursodeoxycholic) ndi zokonzekera zitsamba (extract of immortelle) zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Njira yopanda mphamvu, imathandiza kokha kuchokera ku miyala ya cholesterol mu 10-20% milandu.
- Kuponyera miyala mu gallbladder. Kusokoneza kumachitidwa ndi akupanga kapena magetsi othamanga. Njirayi ili yoyenera pamaso pa ochepa (mpaka 1 cm) ndi miyala imodzi, ngati palibe zizindikiro za kutupa.
Matenda a miyala yamwala - mankhwala ndi mankhwala ochiritsira
Palibe njira zina zopangira mankhwala zomwe zimathera machitidwe olimba. Chithandizo cha mankhwala cha cholelithiasis chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mthandizi wothandizira kuti athe kuchepetsa matendawa ndikuchepetsanso zotsatira zake. Kusagwiritsidwa ntchito mosagwiritsidwa ntchito kosakaniza zitsamba kudzasokoneza cholelithiasis - zizindikiro zidzakula mwamsanga, pang'onopang'ono kufika pa colic yovuta komanso yopweteka.
Mitsamba ya cholelithiasis
Zosakaniza:
- chamomile - 5 g;
- valerian - 5 g;
- timbewu - 5 g;
- hawthorn - 5 g;
- mizu ya buckthorn - 5 g;
- tembenukani - 5 g;
- ledum - 5 g;
- mizu yaira - 5 g;
- mayiwort - 5 g;
- kakombo wa chigwa - 5 g;
- chiuno - 5 g;
- madzi - 1.5 malita.
Kukonzekera, gwiritsani ntchito :
- Sakanizani zowonjezera zosakaniza.
- Wiritsani zosonkhanitsa kwa mphindi 5-7.
- Limbikirani maola 6.
- Sungani msuzi.
- Imwani mankhwala 100-110 ml ya mankhwala katatu patsiku kwa theka la ola musanadye. Preheat.
Miyala mu ndulu - opaleshoni
Njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira matendawa ndi cholecystectomy. Kuchotsa miyala ku gallbladder ikuchitika limodzi ndi limba, mosasamala kuti chiwerengero cha zingwe. Kawirikawiri, njira yosawonongeka ya laparoscopic imagwiritsidwa ntchito, nthawizina dokotala amachititsa chisankho chokhudza laparotomy kapena njira yowonongeka. Mu 99%, matenda a cholelithiasis amachiritsidwa pambuyo potsatira njirayi. Kawirikawiri kukhala ndi postcholecystectomy syndrome kapena kupweteka kwa sphincter Oddi - matenda osokoneza bongo.
Chakudya cha cholelithiasis
Chakudya choyenera ndi mbali yofunikira ya chithandizo cha cholelithiasis. Chakudya choyenera cha cholelithiasis chimapereka katundu wathanzi pachiwindi ndi kapangidwe mofanana ndi kudya kwathunthu kwa zakudya ndi mavitamini m'thupi. Zakudyazi zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta ndi mapuloteni, zomwe zimachepetsanso mchere. Kudya ndi miyala mu bile kumaphatikizapo izi:
- mbale zonse ziyenera kukhala zotentha;
- chakudya choyenera - maulendo 4-6 patsiku;
- Panthawi yovuta, ndi bwino kupukuta kapena kugaya chakudya;
- Pamimba yopanda kanthu m'pofunika kumamwa madzi osaphatikizidwa ndi madzi ozizira.
Matenda a Galastone: zakudya - ndi zakudya ziti zomwe mungadye?
Mndandanda wachisanu ndi chiwiri umawonedwa ngati chakudya chokwanira, kupereka zofunika tsiku ndi tsiku kwa munthu wamkulu mu makilogalamu. Chimene mungadye ndi cholelithiasis:
- soups zamasamba;
- macaroni;
- semi-madzi mucous porridges ndi mbale kuchokera kwa iwo;
- nyama;
- nsomba zonenepa;
- nsomba (moyenera);
- soseji wa dokotala;
- mkaka;
- Chakudya cha dzulo cha 1 kapena 2 chotsani ufa, ndi chinangwa;
- mkaka wotsika kwambiri ndi mankhwala a mkaka wowawasa;
- bisake wouma;
- masamba (kutenthedwa, kutentha - kuchepa);
- mazira - kawirikawiri kawiri pa sabata, makamaka ma protein omelets;
- sikwashi;
- maapulo okoma;
- mkaka wamafuta kapena ofewa;
- maswiti a zachilengedwe - moyenera (kupanikizana, phalala, uchi, chiwombankhanga, chiwombankhanga ndi zina zotere);
- zokoma (mpaka 30 gramu pa tsiku) ndi mafuta a masamba (mpaka 15 magalamu patsiku);
- tiwonetsedwe chakuda chakuda;
- chamomile msuzi;
- compote wa zipatso zouma, galu-rose;
- zipatso zakumwa zabwino ndi compotes.
Kodi simungakhoze kudya ndi cholelithiasis?
Kuti mutulutse chiwindi, muyenera kusiya "zakudya zolemetsa" zomwe zimakumbidwa kwa nthawi yaitali. Ngati cholelithiasis ili pachimake, ndi bwino kufa njala tsiku loyamba pambuyo pa chiwonongeko. Kusintha kwa papepala nambala 5 kumachitika pang'onopang'ono, ndi kukhazikitsa magawo atsopano mbale. Kudya ndi miyala mu ndulu kumaphatikizapo:
- broths, nyama soups, okroshku;
- mkate watsopano;
- chakudya chokazinga;
- nyama ndi-mankhwala, offal;
- zosuta;
- pickling;
- marinades;
- Zakudya zokometsera ndi zonunkhira;
- nsomba zamphongo ndi nyama;
- nyemba;
- balere, chimanga, balere;
- chakudya chamzitini;
- kuphika;
- Zamakono kuchokera kumalo odyera;
- mchere wamchere;
- whey;
- masamba omwe amachititsa kuthirira mphamvu (adyo, kabichi, anyezi, radishes ndi ena);
- zipatso za citrus;
- mtedza;
- zipatso zopangidwa ndi zipatso;
- chokoleti;
- mavitamini ndi kirimu;
- mbewu;
- koka;
- mowa;
- khofi;
- mowa;
- tiyi wobiriwira;
- karkade;
- chicory.
Matenda a miyala yamwala - mavuto
Zotsatira zopweteka zimachokera pamene kusagwirizana ndi zakudya zopatsa ulemu komanso kusowa chithandizo. Miyala yokhotakhotakhota mumatope amawaphimba, kuchititsa zozizwitsa. Izi zimayambitsa matenda oterowo:
- cholangitis ;
- kupweteka kwakukulu kwa biliary;
- cholecystitis ;
- chithunzi ;
- matumbo a m'mimba;
- kugwa;
Nthendayi yovuta kwambiri imatha kuyambitsa kupweteka kwakukulu ndi kuwonongeka kwa mucous membranes m'makoma a chikhodzodzo. Chotsatira chake, liwu la perforation (rupture) limapezeka ndi kutuluka kwa zinthu mkati m'mimba pamimba - pachimake peritonitis. Matendawa ndi owopsa kwambiri, amadzala ndi zotsatira zosasinthika komanso imfa.
Matenda a miyala yamwala - kupewa
Pofuna kupewa mapangidwe a calculi, m'pofunika kupeŵa zinthu zomwe zimawathandiza. Kuteteza mapangidwe a gallstones:
- kudya;
- kusamalira thupi labwino;
- zochitika zochitika;
- kukana zizolowezi;
- Matenda oyenera a matenda opatsirana.