Jekabpils - zokopa alendo

Mzinda wa Jekabpils uli m'chigawo chapakati cha Latvia . Pafupi makilomita 90 kuchokera pamenepo pali mzinda wa Daugavpils - wachiwiri pa kukula pambuyo pa Riga . Chiwerengero cha mzindawo chiri pafupi 23,000 anthu, mwafuko la 60% ndi Achi Latvia ndi 20% a ku Russia. Kwa alendo oyendayenda Jekabpils amasangalatsidwa ndi chikhalidwe chambiri, zojambula ndi zachilengedwe.

Zokopa zachilengedwe za Ekalibs

Mzinda wa Jekabpils uli m'mphepete mwa mtsinje wa Zapadnaya Dvina , womwe uli ndi makilomita 1020 ndipo uli m'madera atatu: Latvia, Belarus ndi Russia. Anthu a ku Latvi anaupatsa dzina lakuti "Daugava". Mzindawu uli kuzunguliridwa ndi nkhalango, momwe zimapezeka zinyama zakutchire, potero zimapatsa mpata wokasaka.

Chifukwa chakuti pafupi ndi mzinda adagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa zinthu zothandiza padziko, chophimba chinakhazikitsidwa. Chifukwa cha ichi, akuluakulu a boma adasankha kukhazikitsa nkhalango kuti ateteze mzindawo kuchokera ku fumbi, koma mu 1987, kusefukira kwa miyalayi kunapangitsa kuti pakhale malo okhala ndi zilumba. Mkati mwa madziwa muli miyala yaikulu, imene ili kachidutswa kakang'ono kachiwiri ka thanthwe ku Latvia.

Ku Jekabpils kuli paki yamzinda, yomwe mbali inayake ndi khalidwe. Pa gawo lake ndi chikumbutso cha chikumbutso, chomwe chimabweretsa dziko lapansi cholowa cha UNESCO. Zimasonyeza meridian yomwe pakiyi ilipo - madigiri 25 mphindi 20.

Makoma a Jekabpils

Mzinda wa Jekabpils umakhalapo ndi zipilala zambiri zamatabwa. Mwa otchuka kwambiri mwa iwo akhoza kulembedwa pa zotsatirazi:

1. Koknese Castle , yomwe inamangidwa mu 1209. Ali m'mudzi wa Koknese, womwe uli pamtunda wa makilomita 30 kuchokera ku Jekabpils. Pa mbiri yonse ya nyumbayi, anali ndi eni angapo, ndipo ntchito yomangamanga inkachitika nthawi ndi nthawi. Nthawi yoyamba dongosololi linawonongedwa pa nthawi ya nkhondo ya kumpoto. Pamene nyumbayi inali m'manja mwa Levenshtern, nyumba yatsopano ya Koknes inamangidwa, koma siidakhala nthawi yaitali ndipo inawonongedwa ndi zipolopolo pa nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse. Mabwinja atsopano anali oyenerera kwa anthu, ndipo anawathyola zidutswa, koma nyumba yomaliza idapitirizabe kugona pa dziko lino. Tsopano zotsalira zake zimatetezedwa ndi pulogalamu yapadera yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito njira zowonetsera pofuna kusungirako chophimba cha mbiri yakale.
2. Mzinda wa Jekabpils usanakhazikitsidwe, dera limeneli linali ndi dzina lina lakale - Krustpils. Tsopano dzina ili linangokhala mu Nyumba ya Krustpils , yomwe inamangidwa mu Middle Ages. Mpaka pano, nyumba yopanga zomangamanga ili bwino. Mbiri yoyamba imatchulidwa za iye mu 1318, pamene a Teutonic Order adabwera kuno, ndipo malo akumidzi ku bwalo lamanja la Daugava adagwidwa. Panthawi ya Nkhondo Yaikulu ya Kumpoto, izi zinawonongeka, koma m'zaka za zana la 18 zinakonzedweratu, momwe nyumbayi inakhazikitsidwa ndi zida zatsopano. Nkhondo Yoyamba Padziko Lonse siinagonjetse nyumbayi, ndipo pa nkhondo yachiwiri panali chipatala kuno. Mu 1994, Krustpils Castle inakhala mbali ya Jekabpils Historical Museum, yomwe ili mkati mwa nyumbayi ili ndi zochitika zogwirizana ndi mbiri ya nyumbayi. Kuphatikiza apo, chiwonetserocho chimaphatikizapo zipangizo kuyambira nthawi ya Soviet Union.
3. Chinthu china cha mbiri yomwe ili m'dera la Jēkabpils ndi Selpils Castle . Chikumbutso choyamba cha nyumba ino chafika mu 1416, pamene iye anali atatulutsidwa ndi Order of the Vogt. Panthawi imeneyo ilo linali ndi magawo awiri: gawo lalikulu lakummwera ndi kuwonjezera - ndondomeko yoyamba. Kuvulala koyamba kumene iye anakumana nawo pankhondo ya ku Poland-ku Sweden, ndipo Northern War potsiriza anaiwononga. Mu 1967, malo osungirako nkhokwe anamangidwa moyandikana ndi nyumbayo, ndipo mabwinja a nyumbayi adatuluka pansi.
4. Mabwinja a Digna Castle . Malo awa akuonedwa kuti ndi amodzi mwachinsinsi kwambiri ku Latvia chifukwa cha mbiri yake, chifukwa palibe nyumba imodzi yokhala ndi chidziwitso chochepa monga Digna Castle. Nthawi yoyamba ndi yotsiriza iye akutchulidwa mu zodandaula za 1366. Chipepalacho chimatanthawuza kuukiridwa ndi kubwidwa kwa nyumbayi ndi Knights of the Livonian Order.

Mpingo wa Jekabpils

Mu mzinda wa Jekabpils pali chiwerengero chachikulu cha mipingo yosiyana ndi zikhulupiriro: Orthodox, Catholic, Lutheran ndi Old Believer. Pakati pazikuluzikuluzi zimatha kutchedwa:

1. Malo osungirako Mzimu Woyera a Ekabpilsky ndi a Orthodox Church, ali kumbali ya kumanzere kwa mtsinje wa Dvina. Nyumba ya amonke inamangidwa m'zaka za zana la XVII, koma m'mbiri yake ya kukhalapo kwazaka makumi ambiri, idatseka. Mu 1996, adatsegulanso momasuka. Lero ndilo nyumba yokhayo yokha ya chikhulupiriro cha Orthodox ku Latvia. Mu 2008, chozizwa chinachitika mu mpingo uno, chimodzi mwa zithunzizo chinayamba kusungunuka.
2. Pakati pa nyumba zapawuni zonse ndi Church Intercession ya gulu la Okhulupirira Kale . Nyumbayi inakhazikitsidwa mu 1660, Okhulupirira akale anakhala pano kufikira 1862, kenako adasamukira ku Latgale. Nyumbayi ingamveke kuti tchalitchi cha anthu chinali nyumba yamba, kachisi sanakongoletsedwe ndi domes. M'chaka cha 1906 adaganiza zokonzanso.
3. Ku Jekabpils ndi umodzi mwa mipingo ingapo ya chi Greek Chikatolika ku Latvia. Ntchitoyi inamangidwa kuchokera mu 1763 mpaka 1787, nyumbayi inapangidwa ngati "thunthu".

Zotsatira za chikhalidwe cha Jekabpils

Oyendera alendo omwe anaganiza zokacheza ku Jēkabpils adzatha kuona malo amtundu wambiri, mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe tingazizindikire motere:

1. Pa bwalo lamanzere la Daugava ndi Old Town Square yaikulu , komwe mungathe kuona malo osiyanasiyana omwe ali panja.
2. Mumzinda muli nyumba yosungirako zinthu zakale "Khoti la Villages" , kumene nyumba zingapo zimasonkhana pamalo amodzi. M'kati mwa nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale muli zojambula zomwe zimapatsa mpata kudziŵa mbiri ya anthu okhala ku Germany omwe ankakhala mumzinda wa Latvia m'zaka za m'ma 1900.
3. Mzinda wa Jekabpils unakhala mwambo wokonza phwando la mayiko . Chaka chilichonse m'nyengo yachilimwe mawonedwe otchuka kwambiri amachokera ku Latvia , koma kuchokera ku Russia ndikuwonetsa machitidwe awo. Ntchito ya Chamber Music Theatre yakhala yachizolowezi, ndipo mtsogoleri wake amazoloŵera kukondweretsa omvera a ku Latvia ndi maulendo ake.