Kukongoletsera uta - kubzala ndi kusamalira allium, zoyamikira za kukula

Fufuzani chomera chosavuta kukongoletsa flowerbed kapena infield, ndiye mukhoza kuyamba kukula uta wokongoletsera, kubzala ndi kusamalira malamulo omwe akuyenera kulemekezedwa. Dzina lina lofala ndi allium. Pali mitundu yambiri yomwe imasiyana mosiyana, koma imabzalidwa zonse mu dongosolo limodzi.

Kukongoletsa uta mu malo okongoletsera

Kuti mupeze momwe mungagwirizanitsire bwino chomera chomwe chinaperekedwa ndi mbewu zina za maluwa, m'pofunika kulingalira zafotokozedwa kwake.

1. Mitsuko ya Flower, malinga ndi zosiyanasiyana, ikhoza kukula mpaka masentimita 70. Mtundu wobiriwira umayimiridwa ndi masamba ofanana.
2. Kupeza kuti uta wonyeketsa umawoneka bwanji, ndibwino kuti uzindikire kuti uli ndi inflorescence, womwe uli ndi masentimita 4-7.
3. Maluwa amatha masiku 18-20 ndipo akuyamba kuyambira June.

Utawu wokongoletsera, kubzala ndi kusamalira zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa ndi zizindikiro za chomera, zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zigwirizane ndi mbewu zomwe zimamera pa nthawi yomweyo, mwachitsanzo, mungagwiritse ntchito poppies, irises kapena peonies. Zolemba zoyambirira zidzapezeka pophatikiza alloys ndi maluwa. Zikuwoneka kukwera kwakukulu, kotero kuti 1 m ² iyenera kuwerengera 50-70 ma PC. Kubzala anyezi okongoletsera akhoza kupangidwa kuti apange linga.

Kukongoletsa uta - mitundu

Pali mitundu yambiri yomwe ingabzalidwe pa tsamba lawo:

1. Kukongoletsa uta Gladiator. Mbalame yaikuluyi imatha kukula mpaka mamita 1.5 m'lifupi. Zimaoneka bwino kwambiri chifukwa chapamwamba zake zamkatimbiri, zomwe m'mimba mwake zimatha kufika 25 masentimita. Mtundu uwu wa zokometsera anyezi umayamba kuphuka mu June ndipo umathera mu masabata awiri. Maluwa ali ndi lilac kapena mtundu wofiirira.
2. Kukongoletsa uta Blue. Maluwa oyambirira a mtundu wokongola adzakongoletsa flowerbed ndi munda. M'kati mwake, mababu amafika 2 masentimita. Tsinde la zosiyanasiyanali likufika kutalika kwa mamita 1 ndipo m'munsi mwake pali masamba. Maluwa ooneka ngati Bell ndi ochepa komanso anyezi. Maluwa amachitika mu July.
3. Anyezi okongoletsera Ivory Quinn. Muzitsamba zosiyanasiyana, tsinde likhoza kufika kutalika kwa masentimita 25-35, ndipo pamwamba pake pali maluwa okongola, opitirira mamita awiri mpaka 12. Ma inflorescences ali ndi mtundu wa njovu. Mitundu yambiri ndi yosiyana ndi masamba okongola, omwe ndi obiriwira, obiriwira komanso obiriwira. Tiyenera kudziwika ndi fungo lonunkhira bwino.
4. Anyezi yokongoletsa Globemaster. Zomwe zinayambitsidwazo zinapezeka chifukwa cha kudutsa mitundu yambiri ya mitundu. Iye ndi wotchuka chifukwa cha kukula kwake kwakukulu. Zokongoletsera anyezi a allium akhoza kukula kufika mamita 1, koma kukula kwa inflorescences ndi 20-30 masentimita. Maluwa amawonetsedwa mu June.
5. Anyezi yokongoletsera Giantum. Zina mwazidziwikiratu kuti chomeracho ndi chamtali, choncho kutalika kumatha kufika mamita 1.5. Inflorescences sitingatchedwe kutchuka, kotero kukula kwake sikudutsa 10 masentimita. Maluwawo amajambula mu chigole chowala kwambiri.
6. Kukongoletsa uta Schnitt. Pali maina ena: "liwiro" kapena "anyezi a Siberia". Amadziwika ndi kukula mofulumira, nthambi yamphamvu ndi yowutsa mudyo. Maluwa amaonekera mu June ndipo amaimiridwa ndi maluwa oboola ngati belu. Mtundu umasinthasintha kuchokera ku pinki wotumbululuka kupita ku mdima wofiira.
7. Anyezi yokongoletsa chameleon. Ndi chikhalidwe chautali kwambiri, momwe maluwa oboola nyenyezi amasonkhanitsidwa mu inflorescences mu mawonekedwe a mpira. Ali ndi mtundu wa pinki wofiira ndi mzere wandiweyani pakatikati pamakhala. Kutalika ndi masentimita 50. Chimake chochuluka chikuwonetsedwa kuyambira May mpaka July.

Kukongoletsa uta - kubzala

Kwa kulima chikhalidwe chokongoletsera, ndikofunika kusankha mosamala malo oti mubzala. Nthaka sayenera kulowerera ndale komanso yosakanikirana, ndipo musayiwale za kufunikira kwa kuunika kwa chilengedwe. Pofuna kukongoletsera, kudyetsa ndi kusamalira kumatanthawuza kuti mulowe mu nthaka kompositi , yomwe ndi yofunika kwambiri kuti ikule bwino mababu ndi chitukuko chabwino. Ngati dziko lapansi likhale losavuta, ndiye chitani chiwerengero chake chokhazikika. Pali zinsinsi zingapo zokhudzana ndi kulumikiza kolondola zosakaniza zosungunula.

Kodi chodzala uta wokongoletsa?

Pali dongosolo linalake lokhudza momwe mungayendetsere:

1. Kumalo osankhidwa, pangani mabowo omwe sayenera kukhala aakulu. Lembani kuti ayenera kukhala ndi mababu atatu, kuya kwa masentimita 15 pa babu yayikulu, ndi yaing'ono - masentimita 10.
2. Onjezerani fetereza ndikutsanulira madzi pang'ono.
3. Bzalani uta wokongoletsa munda kuti mtunda wa pakati pa mababu ndi 25-30 masentimita, ngati mitundu yayitali yayisankhidwa, ndi 10 cm, ngati ili yochepa.
4. Lembani dzenje ndi nthaka ndipo musaigwiritse ntchito. Ngati pali chisanu chochuluka, malo otsetsereka akulimbikitsidwa kuti awonongeke, pogwiritsa ntchito manyowa owuma kapena peat.

Pamene chodzala kukongoletsa anyezi?

Mukhoza kugona m'dzinja ndi masika, koma zonse zimadalira zomera zosiyanasiyana. Pogwiritsira ntchito mitundu yamaluwa oyambirira, ayenera kufesedwa m'dzinja ndi bwino mu September. Zotsatira zake, mababu adzakhala ndi nthawi yozika mizu. Ngati maluwa okongoletsera amatha kugwiritsa ntchito munda wamaluwa, ndiye kuti kubzala kungatheke kumapeto kwa mwezi wa April mpaka kumayambiriro kwa May.

Kukongoletsa anyezi - kulima

Pa malo osatha, chomerachi chikhoza kupezeka kwa zaka 4-5, ndiyeno, mudzafunika kuika. Pofuna kupeza momwe mungamerezere uta wokongoletsera, tiyenera kuzindikira kuti pamene maluwa amatha kukonzekera maluwa, masamba amayamba kufa. Zomwe anakumana nazo wamaluwa musawononge kudula iwo, kuwalola kuti awononge mwachibadwa. Pambuyo maluwawo atatha, ndi bwino kuti tamasule nthaka nthawi zonse ndikugwiritsira ntchito feteleza feteleza.

Kodi kufalitsa kukongoletsa uta?

Njira ziwiri zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuonjezera chiwerengero cha minda:

1. Kufalikira ndi mbewu. Ndondomeko mu kasupe kapena m'dzinja. Nkofunika kuti mbewuzo zikhale bwino m'chilengedwe. M'chaka choyamba, kufalitsa kwa anyezi kukongoletsera, kubzala ndi kusamalira zomwe ziri zofanana ndi mbewu zina za maluwa, zimapereka mababu aang'ono. Onani kuti maluwa sadzachitika zaka 3-6.
2. Kubzala masamba. Patsikuli, phululani mababu mu zidutswa, ndipo perekani molingana ndi malamulo omwe tawatchula pamwambapa. Tiyenera kudziwa momwe kukongoletsa anyezi kumaphatikiza mababu. Chotsani mitu yowonongeka, yichulukitseni ndi kukula kowonjezera komanso kubzala, monga mbeu.

Kuwaza anyezi okongoletsera

Kuti chomeracho sichimawonongeka ndipo chimafalikira chaka chilichonse, zimalimbikitsidwa kuti chaka chilichonse mutatha maluwa, chekani mababu, awume ndi kuwasungira pamalo abwino mpweya wabwino mpaka madzulo. Pofuna kupeza nthawi yowonjezeretsa uta wokongoletsera, ndibwino kuti tiwonetsetse kuti ngati kukula kukuchitika nyengo yozizira, ndiye kuti kusamba kwa pachaka sikukufunika. Pachifukwa ichi, zidzakhala zofunikira kudzala chomera chaka chilichonse 3-5, kulekanitsa ana. Mukasamukira, ganizirani izi:

1. Kuzama kwa kubzala kumadalira kukula kwa babu.
2. Pambuyo pa kuziyika, dothi la pamwamba liyenera kukhala lopangidwa ndi humus kapena peat.

Kukongoletsa uta chisamaliro

Pali zinsinsi zambiri zokhudzana ndi chisamaliro choyenera, popanda zomwe sizidzakhala zotheka kupeza chomera chokongola ndi maluwa:

1. Mutatha kuthirira tsiku lotsatira, kumasula nthaka. Izi ndi zofunika kuti mutseke chinyezi ndi kuwonjezera nthaka ndi mpweya.
2. M'nyengo yozizira, maluwa "uta wokongoletsa" amafunikira chisamaliro chapadera - pogona, ndipo amagwiritsira ntchito pazinthu izi ndi pine lapnik kapena zinthu zapadera.
3. Musadule masamba ndikuwalola kuti azifa nokha. Pambuyo pake, mukhoza kukumba mababu ndikuwapatukana.

Kukongoletsa uta m'munda - pamwamba kuvala

Kukonzekera kwa malo okubzala kumaphatikizapo kuyambitsa kompositi yowola ndi feteleza yamchere ndi zowonongeka, zomwe zimadalira kubereka. Kukula bwino kukongoletsa anyezi, kubzala ndi kusamalira kumatanthauza malamulo awa:

1. Popeza chomeracho ndi bulbous, chimakhala chosowa chifukwa cha kusowa kwa potaziyamu m'nthaka. Kusamala moyenera kumatanthawuza kuyika phulusa la nkhuni. Pangani feteleza kumapeto kwa masamba ndi panthawi yopanga masamba.
2. Chokongoletsera cha anyezi kumapeto kwa chilimwe kumafuna kuti phosphorous-potaziyamu feteleza isambe.
3. M'chaka cha chisamaliro, gwiritsani ntchito zovuta zamchere feteleza, kusankha zosankha ndi kuchulukitsa nayitrogeni wokhutira ndi mawonekedwe a nitrate.

Garden zokongoletsera uta - kuthirira

Pa theka loyamba la nyengo, nthawi zonse kuthirira ndi kofunika. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti nthawi imeneyo masambawo akukula. Ndikofunika kuti madzi asawonongeke, chifukwa izi zingachititse kuwonongeka kwa mizu ndi zochitika za matenda osiyanasiyana. Kulima zowonjezera anyezi kumapatsa kanthawi kochepa, koma izi ndizovomerezeka kokha ndi nthaka yokonzedwa bwino.

Kukongoletsa anyezi - matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Pansi pa zovuta za kulima ndi kusamalidwa bwino, chomeracho chikhoza kudwala matenda osiyanasiyana ndi kuwonedwa ndi tizirombo.

1. Downy powdery mildew. Nthenda iyi ya yokometsera anyezi imaonekera pa masamba ndi mitsuko ya maluwa, mawanga obiriwira a mtundu wobiriwira amaonekera, ndipo mycelium ndi spores ya imvi-violet hue imayamba. Chifukwa chake, kukongoletsa kumatayika. Chotsani malo okhudzidwa, ndipo m'chaka cha allium ayenera kuthiridwa ndi fungicides.
2. Kutupa kwa anyezi. Pamaso pa matendawa ndi kuyamba kwa kutentha pa masamba mukhoza kuona mipira ya lalanje, ndipo patapita kanthawi, spores amapangidwa. Pochotsa vutoli, kuchotsa zigawo zovuta ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi njira zomwe zili ndi mkuwa.
3. Nkhungu yakuda. Kuweramitsa pansi, kubzala ndi kusamalira zomwe zikuchitika ndi zolakwika, pakati pa chilimwe akhoza kutenga matendawa. Zizindikiro zimaphatikizapo chikasu cha masamba ndi mawonekedwe a chipika. Chithandizo n'chofanana ndi zosankha zammbuyo.
4. Cercosporosis. Matendawa amapezeka kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe ndipo amawoneka pa masamba ndi peduncles ngati mawonekedwe a imvi. Chifukwa chake, anyezi amatembenuka chikasu, ndipo kukongoletsa kumatayika. Njira zowononga zimakhala zofanana ndi dzimbiri.