Chaka chatha, International Day's Day of Women inatembenuza ndendende zaka 100. Pamsonkhano wa International Women's Socialist Women, womwe unachitikira ku Copenhagen mu August 1910, motsogoleredwa ndi Clara Zetkin, adasankha kudziwa tsiku lapaderadera lomwe laperekedwa kwa kulimbana kwa amayi pofuna ufulu wawo. Chaka chotsatira, pa March 19, mawonetsero ambirimbiri anachitika ku Germany, Austria, Denmark ndi Switzerland, kumene anthu oposa miliyoni anagwira nawo mbali. Motero anayamba mbiri ya March 8, poyamba "Tsiku la Akazi Padziko Lonse mukumenyera mgwirizano wa zachuma, zachikhalidwe ndi ndale."
Mbiri ya holide 8 March: buku lovomerezeka
Mu 1912, ziwonetsero zazikulu zoteteza ufulu wa amayi zinachitika pa May 12, mu 1913 - pa masiku osiyana a March. Ndipo kuyambira chaka cha 1914 tsiku la Marko 8 linakonzedweratu, makamaka chifukwa chakuti linali Lamlungu. Mu chaka chomwecho, tsiku lolimbana ndi ufulu wa amayi poyamba lidakondwerera mu Russia tsarist panthawiyo. Pamene nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse inayamba, kuyesetsa kuthetsa nkhondo kunaphatikizidwa ndi zofunikira zowonjezera ufulu wa amayi. Mbiri ya holideyi pa Marichi 8 inakwaniritsidwanso ndi zochitika za 08.03.1910, pamene ziwonetsero za amayi ogwira ntchito zogula ndi nsapato zinkachitikira ku New York kwa nthawi yoyamba, kufunafuna malipiro apamwamba, mikhalidwe yabwino ya ntchito ndi maola ochepa ogwira ntchito.
Atafika kuulamuliro, a Bolshevik a ku Russia adadziwa kuti pa 8 March ndi tsiku lovomerezeka. Panalibe mawu okhudza kasupe, maluwa ndi ukazi: kutsindika kunali kokha pa kuyesedwa kwa kalasi ndi kuchitapo kanthu kwa amayi mu lingaliro la zomangamanga zachikhalidwe. Momwemo zinayamba kuzungulira kwatsopano m'mbiri ya tsiku la 8 March - tsopano tchuthiyi yafalikira m'mayiko a kampando ya Socialist, ndipo ku Western Europe wakhala akuiwalika bwino. Chochitika chofunika kwambiri m'mbiri ya tchuthi pa Marichi 8 chinali 1965, pamene adalengezedwa tsiku ku USSR.
Maholide pa 8 March lero
Mu 1977, bungwe la UN linakhazikitsa chisankho cha 32/142, chomwe chinagwirizanitsa tsiku lachidziwitso la amayi. Komabe, m'madera ambiri omwe amakondwererabe (Laos, Nepal, Mongolia, North Korea, China, Uganda, Angola, Guinea-Bissau, Burkina Faso, Congo, Bulgaria, Macedonia, Poland, Italy). kulimbikira ufulu wa amayi ndi mtendere wapadziko lonse, ndiko kuti, chochitika cha ndale ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu.
M'mayiko a msasa wa Soviet, ngakhale kuti mbiri yachokera pa March 8, sipanakhalepo nkhani ya "kulimbana" kulikonse. Zikondwerero, maluwa ndi mphatso zimadalira amayi onse - amayi, akazi, alongo, atsikana, ogwira nawo ntchito, ana ang'onoang'ono komanso amayi ogona ntchito pantchito. Anakana kokha ku Turkmenistan, Latvia ndi Estonia. M'madera ena mulibe tchuthi. Mwina, chifukwa pali tsiku lalikulu la amayi, limene m'mayiko ambiri limakondwerera Lamlungu lachiwiri mu May (ku Russia - Lamlungu lapitali mu November).
Kodi zikugwirizana bwanji pa February 23 ndi March 8?
Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri kuchokera ku mbiri ya dziko la holide pa March 8. Chowonadi ndi chakuti wotchuka wa February Revolution wa 1917, womwe unayambira maziko a October Revolution, unayamba ku Petrograd kuchokera ku msonkhano waukulu wa akazi otsutsa nkhondo. Zochitika zinakula ngati snowball, ndipo posakhalitsa chiwonongeko chachikulu, zida zankhondo zinayamba, Nicholas II anatsutsa. Chochitika chotsatira chikudziwika bwino.
Kuwopsya kwa chisangalalo ndikuti pa February 23, malingana ndi kalembedwe ka kale - ili ndi latsopano la March 8. Ndiko kulondola, tsiku lina pa March 8 linayambitsa chiyambi cha mbiri ya tsogolo la USSR. Koma tsiku la Defender of the Fatherlandland nthawi yamakono: February 23, 1918, kuyamba kwa mapangidwe a Red Army.
Kuyambira pa mbiri ya chikondwerero pa March 8
Kodi mumadziwa kuti tsiku la akazi apadera linalipo mu Ufumu wa Roma? Akazi okwatirana omwe sanali a Roma (matrons) atavala zovala zabwino, adakongoletsa mutu ndi zovala ndi maluwa ndipo ankapita kukachisi wa mulungu wamkazi Vesta. Pa tsiku lino, amuna awo adawapatsa mphatso ndi mtengo wapatali. Ngakhale akapolo adalandira mapemphero a eni ake ndipo anamasulidwa kuntchito. Sakudya
Ayuda ali ndi holide yawo - Purim, yomwe pamalendala ya mwezi imagwa chaka chilichonse pa March. Ndilo tsiku la mkazi wankhondo, mfumukazi Esitere yemwe anali wolimba mtima ndi wanzeru, yemwe adawapulumutsa mwachinyengo Ayuda ku chiwonongeko mu 480 BC, zoona, pakuwonongedwa kwa makumi khumi a Aperisi. Ena anayesa kulumikizana mwachindunji Purim ndi mbiri ya chiyambi cha tchuthi pa March 8. Koma, mosiyana ndi lingaliro, Clara Zetkin sanali wachiyuda (ngakhale kuti Myuda anali mwamuna wake Osip), ndipo nkutheka kuti sakanatha kuganiza za tsiku lolimbana ndi azimayi a ku Ulaya ku holide yachiyuda.