Nsombazi ndi mwala wokongola kwambiri, womwe umatha kupanga zokongoletsera zonse zamtengo wapatali komanso zodabwitsa. Ku Russia, mwala wamtengo wapataliwu unadziwika m'zaka za zana la 18, ngakhale ambuye ambiri achilendo anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito kale kwambiri. Pa malo a Ural ochotsa malo, amatchedwa "heavyweight", chifukwa anali olemera kwambiri kuposa miyala yambiri yamtengo wapatali. Kwazaka zana, miyala yathu yotchedwa Topaz "Diamondi ya Siberia", imatsindika kuchititsa chidwi ndi kukongola kwa makhiristo. Komanso, topazi ndi yamphamvu kwambiri moti imatha kudula galasi. Malo awa sangathe kudzitamandira pa mchere uliwonse.
Lero, nsombazi zimapereka zinthu zambiri, zokongoletsa kwambiri ndi mwala wosamvetsetseka. Kukongola kwakukulu ndi ndolo za siliva ndi topazi. Amayang'ana nkhope ya mtsikanayo, akugogomezera kukongola kwake komanso kukongola kwake. Mtundu wofewa ndi kuwala kwa mkati mwa mwala umapangitsa mayanjano osangalatsa ndi kuwonetseredwa kwa mlengalenga, dontho la mame ndi sunbeams. Kodi mtolankhani wopitirirabe angakhalebe wosiyana ndi kukongola koteroko?
Makutu a siliva ndi topazi - khalidwe
Mwala wa buluu mu chitsulo chofiira / wofiira sichimawoneka wokongola komanso wokongola, platinamu chimango chimapanga mtengo wa zodzikongoletsera, koma ndolo za siliva ndi topazi ya buluu ndizovuta zowonjezera. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti ku Ulaya, topazi ya buluu imatchedwa "misonzi ya mngelo", koma a Incas ankatcha siliva "moon tears". Zikuoneka kuti ndolo ndi topazi mu siliva - "misozi" yamphamvu. Komabe, eni ake a zokongoletsera sayenera kulira, popeza topazi imathetsa nkhawa, imatsitsimutsa komanso imatonthoza. Pamodzi ndi ubwino wotchulidwa, zokongoletsa ndi topazi zili ndi zovuta zingapo, zomwe zingakhudze chisankho chokhudza kugula zodzikongoletsera. Izi ndi izi:
- imatentha mwamsanga dzuwa, kutaya mtundu wake (makamaka ndi topazi ya buluu);
- Nthawi zambiri miyala imakhala yokhazikika, m'malo mwa miyala yamtengo wapatali yokhala ndi galasi kapena quartz;
- Zojambulajambula zambiri zakuthupi ziri ndi zofooka mkati;
- Kristalo iyenera kusungidwa motsutsana ndi zotsatira ndi kusintha kwa kutentha.
Pamodzi ndi zovuta zolembedwazi, mumakhala kuwala kowala komanso ubweya wokongola wa buluu.
Mitsuko yokhala ndi topazi ya siliva
Zokongoletsera zoterezi zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe achikale ndi chigoba chokongola. Pakuti makutu amadziwika ndi mizere yowongoka, ndipo kristalo imadulidwa molingana ndi chitsanzo cha diamondi. Mu laxicism ndi choletsedwa, chigwirizano chaumulungu chimapezeka, chomwe chingakhoze kufufuzidwa mokwanira kokha ndi chikhalidwe chokonzedweratu. Makutu a siliva wa topazi siliva amawonetsedwa m'mafano ambiri opindulitsa, omwe ndi:
- Mwala umodzi. Pachifukwachi, amagwiritsa ntchito miyala ikuluikulu yomwe yadula bwino. Zili mkati mwa ndalama zasiliva, pamene siliva imayendetsa ntchito ndi kukonzekera. Zinthu zomasulidwa zimapita kumbuyo.
- Zamagulu zopangidwa. Kawirikawiri, pofuna kukongoletsa zina, khungu lamakono (zirconium, fianit) amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Njirayi ikuwoneka yodabwitsa kwambiri ndipo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa zokongoletsera nthawi yapadera.
- Kukwaza. Makutu odzichepetsa komanso omveka bwino opangidwa ndi buluu topazi ndi siliva akukwanira mwatsatanetsatane, polemba kachidutswa kakang'ono kojambulidwa.
Kuphatikiza pazimenezi muzovala zodzikongoletsera ndi masiliva yasiliva ndi topazi yaikulu, yokongoletsedwa mwachidwi: pali zovuta zodzikongoletsera, mawonekedwe osamveka ndi malingaliro.
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