- Adilesi: Old Bridge, Mostar 88000, Bosnia ndi Herzegovina;
- Kutalika konse: mamita 30;
- Kutalika: 24 mamita;
- Kukula: 4 mamita.
Mostar mlatho wakale uli pakati pa mzinda ndi dzina lomwelo ndipo ndiko kukopa kwake kwakukulu ndi kunyada kwa dziko la Bosnia ndi Herzegovina . Zili ndi mbiri yakale ndipo zikuphatikizidwa m'ndandanda wa zamtundu wa UNESCO World Heritage List.
Mostar mlatho wakale monga malo oyendera alendo
Mlendo aliyense wa mumzinda wa Mostar poyamba amafuna kuyendera chidwi chake chachikulu. Kale m'mawa mlatho umadzaza ndi alendo, aliyense akuchita bizinesi yake. Ndipo pa mlatho mungapeze zosangalatsa zotsatirazi:
- Kuti mudziwe mbiri ya chilengedwe chake, chiwonongeko ndi kubwezeretsanso, kuyendera zonse zomwezo komanso nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale.
- Gwirizanitsani mlathowu ndi malingaliro okongola a mtsinje wa Neretva ndi madzi ake a emerald-blue ndi mzinda wokha, nyumba zake, misewu, mzikiti ndi mipingo yomwe imawonedwera kutali.
- Pangani zithunzi zosaiŵalika kuchokera kumapiko osiyanasiyana.
- Penyani adrenaline, penyani kudumpha kuchokera mamita makumi awiri, zomwe zikuwonetsedweratu ndi anyamata. Uwu ndiwo zosangalatsa zam'deralo.
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Zakale za mbiriyakale
Mbiri ya mlatho imabwerera ku zaka za m'ma 1500. Anali mu 1957, pempho la anthu okhalamo komanso ndi chilolezo cha Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent, yomanga. Anayendetsedwa ndi mkonzi wabwino kwambiri Mimar Hayruddin ndipo anakhala zaka 9. Chifukwa chake, mlathowu unali wamtunda wa mamita 21, womwe uli mamita 28.7 mamita ndi 4.49 mamita ambiri Chifukwa cha kukula kwa chingwechi, mlatho uwu unalemekezedwa padziko lonse lapansi, chifukwa palibe ofanana. Asayansi amakono sakudziwa kuti m'zaka za zana la 16 antchito anatha kumanga mlatho wamphamvu ndi wapamwamba. Mapangidwe a mlathoyo anali ndi miyala yokwana 456 ya miyala yamchere, yojambula ndi manja kuti agwirizanane kwambiri. Panthawi imeneyo, mlatho womwe unamangidwa umakhala ndi ntchito yaikulu yothandizira, chifukwa miyala yonyamula katundu inadutsamo kudzera ku mbali imodzi ya mzinda kupita kumalo ena, ndipo idatumizanso ngati chingwe kwa amalonda ena ndi ogwira ntchito (omwe am'deralo anasonkhanitsa msonkho wina).
M'zaka za zana la 17, adasankha kumanga nsanja ziwiri kuti athetsere mlatho ndi kayendedwe kake. Kumanzere kwake, nsanja ya Tara inamangidwa, yomwe nthawi yake inkakhala ngati malo otetezera zida. Tsopano pali nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale m'makilomita angapo, kumene mungathe kuona mbiri ya mlatho. Ndi yotseguka kwa alendo oyambira ku April mpaka November. Kuyendera zojambula mu nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale kumatha kumapeto ndi kukwera kumalo otsiriza, kuchokera pomwe malingaliro odabwitsa a mzindawo amatseguka.
Kumanja kumanja kunamangidwa nsanja ya Halebia, ndipo inali ndende. Kuchokera kumtunda, alonda anatsatira dongosolo ndikuyang'ana mlatho.
Kuwonongedwa ndi kubwezeretsa kwa mlatho
Mlathowu, womwe tsopano ukhoza kuwonetsedwa pa Neretva, ndilobwezeretsa molondola kopi ya Bridgear yakale yamwala. Choyambirira, mwatsoka, chinawonongedwa pa nkhondo ya Croatia-Bosnia mu 1993. Adani adathamangitsa mlatho kuchokera ku Mount Hum kwa masiku awiri ndi matanki, omwe ali pafupi makilomita 2 kutali. Chifukwa cha 60 kugunda, chinthucho chinagwera pamodzi ndi nsanja zozungulira ndi mbali ya thanthwe limene linatsamira. Mpaka lero, kuchoka pamphepete mwa Neretva kungangowona kuwonongeka kwa mlatho woyambirira.
Akatswiri a UNESCO anayamba kugwira ntchito pa zobwezeretsa kale mu 1994. Koma kusonkhanitsa ndalama ndi kafukufuku wamakono kunatenga zaka zingapo. Mlathowu unamangidwanso ndi zopereka zochokera ku mayiko monga Turkey, Netherlands, France, Italy ndi Croatia. Komanso, thandizo lachuma linaperekedwa ndi Bank Development Development of European Council. Chiwerengero cha bajeti chinali pafupi 15 miliyoni miliyoni. Ntchitoyi inayamba mu 2003, ndipo mu 2004 Mostar anatsegulidwa mwamphamvu.
Kudumpha kuchokera pa mlatho
Mostar yakale Bridgear ndi yotchuka osati mbiri yake yokha komanso zomangamanga, komanso zosangalatsa zapadera zomwe alendo angathe kuziwona apa. Kulowera mumadzi kuchokera pa mlatho ndi zosangalatsa zomwe zinakhazikitsidwa mu 1664. Poyamba, anyamata aang'ono, anasonyeza kuti ali olimba mtima komanso olimba mtima. Lero ndi zosangalatsa zowona alendo. Ambiri am'deralo amasonkhanitsa omvera ndi ndalama ngati malipiro kuti awonekere (nthawi zambiri amapereka, ndani, ndi zingati), ndiye muwonetseni vutoli loopsa. Kudumphira m'madzi kungatchedwe masewera olimbitsa thupi, chifukwa kumachitika kuchokera mamita makumi asanu ndi awiri kufika mumtsinje, womwe mamita ake ndi mamita 3-5 okha. Kuonjezera apo, Neretva imatchuka chifukwa cha kutentha kwa madzi, komwe kumakhalabe chaka chonse. Sizovuta kuganiza kuti kudumpha kotere kumatentha madigiri 40 ndi madzi ndi kutentha madigiri 15. Njira zothandizira anyamata akuphunzitsidwa kuyambira ali aang'ono komanso ophunzitsidwa zaka. Pakhoma lamanja la Halabia, chipinda chinachimangidwira kampu ya Mostari, kumene anyamata amaphunzitsidwa. Kuchokera mu 1968, mpikisano wodumpha padziko lonse wakhala ukuchitika pano. Onetsani zovuta zawo ndi kulimba mtima apa akubwera anyamata ochokera kudziko lonse lapansi.
Kodi mungapeze bwanji?
Mlatho wakale wa Mostar ndi chinthu choyamba ndi mawonekedwe omwe alendo a mzindawo akufuna kuwona. Iye ali pakati, ndipo kuzipeza sikovuta. Mukhoza kufika pamtunda, pagalimoto kapena pagalimoto. Mostar amatchedwa mlatho wokongola kwambiri ku Ulaya. Ankalemba ndakatulo ndi zolemba za ndakatulo, zolemba za akatswiri a zojambulajambula ndi zolemba za alendo amene amayamikira kwambiri kukongola ndi kukongola kwa kapangidwe kameneka kameneka.