Kupaka pansi kwa Parquet - iyi ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri ya zonse zomwe zilipo. Pa nthawi yomweyi, amakhalenso wosamala kwambiri. Popanda kuvala zovala zowonongeka, mtengo umataya maonekedwe ake okongola komanso othandiza. Zokongola za varnishes ndi zabwino, kotero choyamba muyenera kumvetsa, pogwiritsa ntchito zomwe muyenera kusankhazo mtundu umodzi.
Kodi ma varnish omwe amapanga mapepala oti asankhe?
Choyamba, kusankha komwe akukonzekera kumadalira cholinga cha chipindacho, komanso katundu woyembekezeka pansi. Ngati pali anthu angapo omwe amakhala m'chipindamo, amavala zovala zofewa ndipo amatha kusamalira mapepalawo. Ngati tikukamba za khola kapena chipinda chokhalamo, komwe ntchito ndipamwamba komanso chisokonezo cha anthu n'chachidziwikire, ndibwino kusankha masitiniwa kuti aziteteza ku mayesero onsewa komanso kuchokera ku dothi losiyanasiyana.
Malingana ndi zotsatira zoyenerera, nthawi zonse mungasankhe mavitamini omwe ndi abwino kwambiri pamapangidwe, pogwiritsa ntchito zida zosiyana. Varnishes amasiyana ndi magawo awa:
- mankhwala amapangidwa - madzi osungunuka, kupondereza, alkyd, polyurethane, ndi zina;
- sayansi katundu: mamasukidwe akayendedwe, madzi, madzi, njira yogwiritsira ntchito;
- maonekedwe: matte, glossy, colorless, color;
- kukana kusokonezeka maganizo ndi moyo wautumiki.
Mavitamini opangidwa ndi madzi chifukwa cha mapepala
Mutagwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yoyenera, yomwe ikufunika kulimbikitsa kumangiriza ziwiya zazikuluzikulu ku bolodi la mapepala ndi kuchepetsa kugwiritsira ntchito malaya omaliza, ndi nthawi yopitilira ndi mankhwala apansi. Njira yosavuta komanso yotsika mtengo ndi mavarnishi a phukusi la madzi . M'mawonekedwe ake, emulsifiers, madzi ndi solvents. Mavitamini angakhale osiyana - kuyambira 5 mpaka 15%, ngakhale pali mankhwala omwe alibe nawo konse.
Ubwino wa varnish wosasunthika m'madzi uli mu fungo lopanda phindu ndipo umakhala wochepetsetsa, wowonjezera chitetezo cha moto, chitetezo chabwino cha mapepala kuchokera ku madzi. Ganizirani zovuta za varnish zamadzi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamapanga. Choyamba, izi ndizosafunika kwenikweni kutsuka ndi kuvala kanthawi kochepa. Ndiponso mtundu uwu wa lacquer umafuna zipangizo zapadera zogwiritsira ntchito. Komanso, si mitundu yonse ya nkhuni yomwe ili yoyenera. Mwachitsanzo, beech, hornbeam ndi pine samalola madzi sungunuka varnish.
Mitundu ya polyurethane yamatumba
Kuphimba kotereku kuli koyenera kwa zipinda zomwe zimachitika patency, chifukwa mavitaminiwa ndi amphamvu kwambiri ndipo ali ndi zida zabwino zokhudzana ndi nkhuni. Mapangidwe a la polyurethane lacquer akhoza kukhala amodzi kapena awiri-chigawo. Ndipo muzochitika zina, zolembazo zimaphatikizapo mankhwala osiyanasiyana onunkhira, ndikuzipereka fungo lokhalitsa. Pa mtima la lacquer ukhoza kukhala urethane, akrikriki kapena solvents.
Ubwino wa ma lacquers ndikuti mumatha kuphimba pulotechete ndi lacquer popanda kuyambanso kuyambira, komanso kusasunthika, kudzichepetsa kwa microclimate mu chipinda pa ntchito. Zofooka zimangoganizira njira yogwiritsira ntchito mavitameni: ndikofunika kuti musalole madzi kuti abwere pansi kufikira atayima bwino.
Acrylic lacquer kwa parquet
Ndizovala zamtengo wapatali, zomwe zimachokera ku kufalikira kwa pulasitiki ndi acrylic zakuthupi, zomwe zimatha kusungunuka m'madzi. Chifukwa cha kuphatikiza izi, ma varnish atayanika amapanga filimu yowononga yokhala ndi zinthu zosiyana ndi zomwe zimatha kuteteza kokha kuchokera ku mawonekedwe, koma ndi zoopsa zowonjezera. Malingana ndi binder, varnish imodzi ya zigawo za parquet ndi varnish zigawo ziwiri zikhoza kusiyanitsidwa. Pachiyambi choyamba, wogwira ntchitoyo ndi akrisitiki okha, kachiwiri - gulu la zinthu, monga akririki ndi polyurethane.
Zina mwazinthu zosavomerezeka za akrasikiti lacquer ndi kukana kuthamanga kwa kutentha, kutentha kwa mautentheni ndi kusungunuka kwa chinyezi, kuwonjezeka kwa makina kutetezeka ndi UV kukana, mphamvu ndi kukhazikika, zopanda phindu ndi pafupifupi kusakhala konse kwa fungo. Alibe zophophonya. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa acrylic-based varnish n'kotheka mkati ndi kunja kwa malo. Zizindikiro zake zapiritsi zotsitsimutsa zimatsimikizira kusungidwa kwa malo kuchokera ku bowa, nkhungu ndi zotsatira zina zovulaza.
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Zomwe zimapangidwira m'matumba
Mtundu uwu wa kuvala ndi gulu losagonjetsedwa kwambiri. M'mawonekedwe ake, formaldehyde resins, omwe amatha kuphulika pambuyo pa kuyanika kwa mavitamini, kotero kuti sikuyenera kuopa kuopsa kwa thanzi lawo. Koma ndithudi angagwiritsidwe ntchito mu zipinda zomwe, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwafunikira kwa mphamvu ndi kukhalitsa, simudziwa kuti varnish ikuphimba chikhomo. Mavitamini amatha kukhala amodzi ndi awiri-chigawo. Yachiwiri imasakanizidwa ndi zovuta zowonjezera zomwe zili ndi asidi kapena organic acids, zomwe zimayambitsa chisokonezo, ndipo formaldehyde imayamba kutuluka ngati condensate.
Ubwino wa lacquer iyi ndikumwamba kwake pamwamba, kuteteza kwambiri kusintha mwamphamvu chinyezi ndi firiji, kuwonjezeka mphamvu ndi kukhalabe. Ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zipangizo zilizonse, wosanjikiza wosayenera sikofunika. Zowonongeka, chodabwitsa kwambiri ndi fungo lamphamvu, lomwe limatha pokhapokha pa tsiku lachitatu, komanso kupezeka kwapiritsi panthawi ya ntchito.
Alkyd-urethane mavarnishi opanga mapepala
Monga dzina limatanthawuzira, izi ndi varnish zigawo ziwiri, zomwe zimakhala ndi zigawo za alkyd ndi urethane, ndipo zimapangidwanso ndi zosungunuka. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matabwa ndi matabwa atsopano, komanso ndi omwe ankachitidwa kale ndi varnish. Kuletsedwa kokha - mtundu uwu wa varnish sungagwiritsidwe ntchito mu saunas, zipinda zamadzi ndi zipinda zina kumene chinyezi chimakhala chokwanira.
Mbali zabwino za ma varnish ndi mawonekedwe okongola a malo ochitidwa opaleshoni, kuyanika mwamsanga, kukanika kutayirira kwakukulu ndi kuuma kwa kuvala, kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosavuta ndi kufanana kwa kufalitsa, kukana mankhwala ndi mankhwala. Mavitaminiwa samakhala fungo, safuna kuti ayambe kugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu oyambirira, pamapangidwe a matabwa, samasokoneza chifukwa chokhazikika. Zowonongeka - ma varnish sangagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati dzuwa lachindunji ndi kukhalapo kwa pulojekiti, ndipo zidzakhala zofunikira kusinthira zokutira pambuyo pa zaka 5-10, malingana ndi kukula kwake.
Varnish yabwino ya parquet m'nyumba
M'dera lokhalamo ndi zofunika kugwiritsa ntchito varnish yowuma mofulumira, yomwe ili ndi fungo laling'ono. Ngakhale formaldehyde varnishes nayenso ali ndi mphamvu zowonjezereka, koma zinthu zotuluka m'madzi sizikhala zothandiza. Lacquer ndizochokera m'madzi zimakhala zochezeka kwambiri, ngakhale kuti sizikhala zosagonjetsa. Ngakhale masiku ano aqueous lacquers ndi Kuwonjezera wa acrylic acrylic urethane kapena acrylic-polyurethane zabwino kwambiri ntchito makhalidwe. Komabe, kuwonjezera pa zizindikiro zenizeni za mankhwala, muyenera kusankha varnish ndi zakunja zakumapeto kwa zotsatira za kukonzanso.
Zovala zopanda pake zopangira mapepala
Yabwino ma varnish a parquet, ngati mukufuna kutsindika zachilengedwe kukongola kwa nkhuni - ndi yopanda mtundu wa latex varnish pa acrylic acrylic. Mbalameyi imapanga zovala zokongola kwambiri ndi zokongoletsa kwambiri. Komanso, ikhoza kukhala varnishi yomwe imachokera m'madzi kapena ma resin. Mulimonsemo, chophimbacho chimakhala choonekera bwino, kusunga mtundu wachilengedwe wa mtengo ndi mawonekedwe ake. Nthawi zina maonekedwe a varnishi amaphatikizapo zinthu zowala, zomwe zimapangitsa mtengo kukhala mthunzi wosaoneka bwino - wachikasu, bulauni kapena amber.
Varnish ya mtundu wa mapepala
Zojambula zowonongeka zimathandiza kupereka pansi mthunzi wofunidwa. Mavitamini oteteza madzi ndizomwe amagwiritsa ntchito posungirako penti ndi ma varnish. Amathetsa mavuto angapo panthawi yomweyo - chitetezeni mtengo kuchokera ku chinyezi, tizilombo ndi zinthu zina zosautsa, tipezerani maonekedwe okongola kwambiri, tanizani mthunzi wofunikira. Mfundo yokhayo yomwe ingaganizidwe: M'madera otsika kwambiri, ma varnish a parquet ndi mtundu wa zokutira adzapukuta ndi nthawi, kupanga mawanga ndi "njira", zomwe ziyenera kutsegulanso pansi.
Varnish yoyera ya parquet
Pofuna kupeza zotsatira za nkhuni zotentha, mungagwiritse ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana komanso njira zosiyanasiyana. Ichi ndi choyambira, ndi mafuta ndi sera yoyera, ndi utoto woyera, ndi ena. Zonsezi zimagwirizana ndi zotsatira zomaliza - pansi pamakhala mthunzi woyera, umene umakhala wotchuka kwambiri m'masiku ano. Pali varnishes yomwe ilipo pamapangidwe angagwiritsenso ntchito pamene tikufuna kuyera pansi. Pogwiritsa ntchito izi kapena zigawozo, mukhoza kupeza zotsatira zosiyana za toning.
Lachitsulo losungunuka chifukwa cha parquet
Okonza mapulani ndi akatswiri ozungulira amakhala okhudzana kwambiri ndi mavarnish - amatsindika zovuta zonse za phukusi, amangotulutsa "kuchokera". Ndiponso, patapita nthawi, gloss imakula, makamaka m'malo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama. Choncho, kuwala kwa matte kapena mdima wakuda wa parquet ndizosavomerezeka. M'malo mwake, amabisa zolakwa zonse. Kuphatikizanso, n'kosavuta kugwira nawo ntchito, popeza sikufuna kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu zikuyenda monga chinyezi, kutentha, ukhondo, ndi zina zotero.