Chodabwitsa cha Chophimba cha Turin chikuwululidwa. Kodi Thupi la Khristu linali litakulungidwa mkati mwake?
Asayansi amatsutsa zenizeni za kukhalako kwa Mulungu, nthawizina amakumana ndi zolemba, zomwe sayansi silingathe kufotokozera. Kwa osakayikira omwe amakhulupirira kuti Moto Woyera ku Yerusalemu ndi mphepo yowonongeka chabe, chochitika chachikristu chodabwitsa kwambiri chikhalabe Chithunzithunzi cha Turin. Kodi nkhope ya Mlengiyo kapena nkhani yake inasindikizidwa pa iyo - nthano yokongola pa mutu wa Baibulo?
Mbiri Yophimba
Ponena za Chophimbacho amatchulidwa mu mabuku onse anai a Uthenga Wabwino. M'mabuku a Mateyu, Marko, Luka ndi Yohane, ali ndi kusiyana kochepa, akunenedwa za nsalu ya nsalu zinayi zomwe Yosefe adakulungamira thupi la Yesu Khristu atachotsedwa pamtanda. Pambuyo pa kuukitsidwa kozizwitsa kwa Khristu, chidutswa chomwecho chinapezeka mu bokosi. Sichikusiyanitsa zolemba za mchimwene wamwamuna ndi zilonda pamapazi, mutu, mikono ndi chifuwa.
"Madzulo, munthu wina wachuma wochokera ku Arimateya anadza dzina la Joseph, yemwe adaphunziranso ndi Yesu; adadza kwa Pilato ndikupempha mtembo wa Yesu. Pomwepo Pilato adalamulira kupatsa thupi; ndi kutenga thupi, Yosefe anachikulunga mu nsalu yoyera ndipo anayiyika iyo mu bokosi lake latsopano, limene iye anajambula pathanthwe; ndipo, ndikutsanulira mwala waukulu pakhomo la bokosi,
Choyamba chodandaula kuti nkhani ya Chophimba - osati zongopeka chabe, idakwiya ndi machitidwe a mpingo mu Byzantium XI atumwi. Pakati pa ansembe kumeneko, guwa la nsembe likuphatikiza ndi chifaniziro cha Khristu - inde, kopi, maliro omwewo - anayamba kutchuka. Mu tchalitchi chilichonse cha Constantinople, zolemba zingapo zimapezeka.
Nthawi yoyamba yokhudzana ndi Chophimba cha Turin m'mbiri yakale imadziwika mu 1353. Mphamvu ya ku France Geoffroy de Charney mu malo ake pafupi ndi Paris ikuwonetsera chida chopembedza, kuwonetsera mwaufulu kwa aliyense ndikuwuza nkhani ya kanema. Mu 1345 adagwira nawo ntchito yolimbana ndi goli la Turkey, pomwe pankhondo adatha kupeza kachisi wachikhristu m'manja mwake. Zomwe Geoffrey anapeza zinayesedwa ndi banja lachifumu: anamanga tchalitchi pozungulira nsalu zawo ndikuika maulendo kwa iwo.
Nyanga zinatha kulemera mofulumira ndikupereka chikhomo kwa anawo pamene Chingerezi chinayendetsa malonda. Anamutengera ku Switzerland ndipo anagulitsidwa mosamala kwa Madyerero a Savoy. Banja lolemekezeka linapempha akatswiri a ku Vatican kuti afufuze. chigamulo chawo chinali ichi:
"Chithunzi chojambula chomwe chilibe phindu."
Mu 1983 akuluakulu anaperekedwa ku Turin - Vatican anakhala mwini wake, amene zaka zambiri zapitazo ankawona kuti ndi nsalu yopanda phindu.
Zotsatira zoopsya za kufufuza
Kotero, kachisiyo ndi nsalu yansalu ndi zithunzi ziwiri zamwamuna. Ofufuza akukhulupirira kuti munthu amene adakulungidwapo ndiye kuti anaphedwa mwachiwawa, asanayambe kumuzunza ndi kumukwapula. Kumbali imodzi ndi nkhope yake ndi manja ake atakulungidwa ndi miyendo yake pamodzi. Kumbali ina - kumbuyo kwa munthu yemweyo amene ali ndi mikwingwirima. Kafukufuku omwe adachitidwawo adatsimikizira kuti chidindo cha minofu chinawonekera pamene mtembo udakulungidwa.
Zomwe akatswiri ochita ziphuphu anazikakamiza kuchotsa ku laibulale yakufumbi ya Vatican zolemba za zomwe zinachitika kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1900. Wojambula wotchedwa Secondo Pia anatenga zithunzi zochepa, ndipo ndi zowonetseratu zolakwika anaona umboni woonekera wa Yesu Khristu. Ndipo, pamitambo yaing'ono ya nkhopeyo inkaonekera kwambiri kuposa nsalu yokha.
"Pamene ndinali kugwira ntchito ndi zolakwika za filimuyi mu mdima wa labu lajambula, ine mwadzidzidzi ndinawona momwe chithunzi chabwino cha Yesu Khristu chinayamba kuonekera pachithunzi cha zithunzi. Kuyambira nthaŵi imeneyo, chisangalalocho chinalibe malire. Ndakhala ndikufufuza usiku wonse ndikufufuza kafukufuku. Chirichonse chinali chimodzimodzi ndi ichi: pa chipika cha Turin chinajambula chithunzi choipa cha Yesu Khristu, ndipo chitsimikizo chingapezeke mwa kupanga choipa kuchokera ku chipika cha Turin "
Kodi otsutsawo anatsimikizira mosiyana?
Mu 1988, analemba zochitika zokha m'mbiri, pamene Roma analola kuchotsa chidutswa cha chidziwitso. Linagawidwa m'magulu atatu ndipo linatumizidwa kumadera osiyanasiyana a dziko: University of Arizona, Polytechnic Institute ku Swiss Zurich ndi University of Oxford ku United Kingdom. Asayansi anavomereza kuti nsaluyo inalengedwa pakati pa zaka 1275 ndi 1381. Njira yowonongeka ya kugwedeza kwake, mwa lingaliro lawo, imatsimikizira kuti zosatheka zake sizingatheke nthawi zakale - njira iyi inakhazikitsidwa mu Middle Ages. Zinali zosagwedezeka mu zotsatira za matenda, chifukwa zimagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono zamakono: kuyesa kwa ultraviolet, kuwonetserana kwapadera ndi chibwenzi cha radiocarbon.
Zochitika zosadziwika zogwirizana ndi Turin Shroud
Kukayikira kulondola kwa zamakono zamakono, kulingalira kwa akatswiri a mbiriyakale ndi archaeologists. Ngakhale zida za sayansi zatsimikizira kuti nsaluyo ndi yopangidwa ndi thonje, asayansi sanaphonye katundu wofunikira wa nsalu iyi. Koti imatha kuvunda, choncho nsalu yokhala ndi zolemba sizingatheke mpaka lero - mosiyana ndi fekisi. Nsalu zonse zomwe zinapangidwa m'zaka za m'ma Middle Ages zinasakanizidwa: anawonjezera ubweya kapena thonje. Kodi ndizomveka kuti ochita malonda apange makina apadera opanga 100%?
Chophimbacho chikhoza kutchedwa "Fifth Gospel" ngati chifukwa chakuti kusanthula kumatsimikizira kuti zizindikiro zake ndi mawanga a magazi a munthu. Pamphumi, malingaliro a jets of magazi magazi amawonekera. Iwo akanakhoza kutuluka kuchokera ku korona waminga: minga yake inagunda khungu, inadula ndipo imayambitsa magazi. Magazi amasakanikirana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi zomera zam'maluwa, zomwe zimakula kokha m'dera la Palestina, Turkey ndi Central Europe.
Mfundo yakuti chifanizirochi chikuyimiridwa ndi maonekedwe achikasu akufotokozedwa ndi zozizwitsa zodabwitsa. Mitundu yofananayo ingaperekedwe kwa minofu yokha chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mankhwala kwa minolekyu ya minofu, yomwe imapezeka pamene imatentha kapena imadutsa mazira a ultraviolet. Izi zimatsimikiziranso kuti Turin Shroud sanawononge imfa yokha, komanso kuuka kwa Yesu.
Mu 1997, Chovalacho chinapereka mphamvu yopatulika. Pakukonzekera chikondwerero cha zaka 100 za kuyambitsidwa kwa sayansi koyamba ku kachisi wa Turin, moto waukulu unayamba. Mmodzi mwa anthu otentha moto anali ndi mphamvu yodabwitsa kwambiri. Anatha kuthetseratu galasi lamakono lopukuta chipolopolo cha sarcophagus ndi nsalu popanda khama lalikulu, lomwe silingathe kulamulidwa ndi munthu wamba. Kodi mungayitane bwanji mwambo umenewu, ngati osati mwa chozizwitsa cha Chombo cha Turin?