Mudziko mulibe zinsinsi zambiri zomwe asayansi akuyesera kuthetsa, koma mpaka tsopano iwo satha. Chifukwa cha matekinoloje amakono, kupeza zosayembekezereka kunapangidwa, kutsegula zinsinsi zambiri.
Anthu nthawi zonse amakopeka ndi zinsinsi zosiyanasiyana komanso zosavuta kuzidziwitsa, pazinthu zomwe asayansi akhala akuchita kwa zaka zambiri. Zimakhalanso kuti ochita kafukufuku adafika pofufuza mwatsatanetsatane, ndipo matembenuzidwe awo anatsimikizira kuti ndi oona. Kusankhidwa kwathu kudzakhala umboni wa izi.
1. Chinsinsi cha "Mwazi" wamagazi
Chakumayambiriro kwa 1911, wolemba malo wina wotchedwa Thomas Griffith Taylor, paulendo wopita ku East Antarctica, adawona mathithi osadziwika omwe anachokera ku Taylor Glacier. Chifukwa cha mtundu wake wofiira, unkatchedwa mathithi "Amagazi". Chifukwa cha mtundu woterewu kwa nthawi yaitali anazunzidwa asayansi. Poyamba iwo ankaganiza kuti chifukwa chake chiri mu algae wofiira, koma kwenikweni sikunatsimikizidwe. Zinagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti mtundu wofiira waperekedwa kwa madzi ndi oxide yachitsulo, koma mpaka 2017, palibe amene watha kutsimikizira kumene amachokera. Kupyolera mu kugwiritsira ntchito radar kunapezeka kuti mathithi akugwirizana ndi gwero la madzi amchere, lomwe limaphimba madziwa. Asayansi anadabwa atapeza madzi pansi pa madzi ozizira kwambiri.
2. Chinsinsi cha zolembazo mu buku la Odyssey
Zolemba zazing'ono zolemba-manja zolembedwa m'chinenero chosadziwika, zomwe zapezeka pa bukhu lakale la bukhulo, kwa nthawi yayitali sizinasinthe. Iwo ankakhulupirira kuti iwo anapangidwa pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1900. Pamene anthu anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti, wokhometsa M.S. Lang adalengeza mphoto ya $ 1,000 podziwa zomwe analembazo. Ogonjetsa adachita ntchito yabwino pofufuza zambiri zomwe zinalipo kudzera pa intaneti. Zotsatira zake, adapeza kuti zolembazo ndizopadera kwambiri, zomwe zinapangidwa m'zaka za zana la 18. Kusungunulira kumasonyeza kuti iyi ndikutembenuzidwa mwachidule kwa Odyssey kuchokera ku Chigriki.
3. Chinsinsi cha banja losowa la Swiss
Nkhani yosazolowereka inachitika ndi Dumoulin awiriwo. Marcelin ndi Francine, omwe amakhala ku Switzerland, anapita ku dera pa August 15, 1942, kuti akamwe mkaka ndipo sanawonongeke. Ponena za chiwonongeko chawo sankadziwa zaka 75, ndipo matupiwa anapezeka m'chilimwe mu 2017, pamene madzi a m'nyanjayi anasungunuka. Chofunika kwambiri, ayezi wasunga osati zokhazokha, komanso katundu wawo. Pofuna kutsimikizira kuti matupiwa ndi a Dumulin awiriwa, iwo amayambitsa DNA. Zinagonjetsedwa kuti banjali linagwera pamtunda, ndipo pamwamba pa thupi, pamene Glacier Glacier de Tanzfleron inayamba kuchepa.
4. Chinsinsi cha utoto wa asilikali a Terracotta
Mu 1974, anapeza chuma chambiri, kuphatikizapo mafano okwana 9,000, magaleta ndi akavalo, omwe anaikidwa m'manda pamodzi ndi mfumu yoyamba ya China. Ankhondo anali oti amutumikire iye pambuyo pa moyo. Pamene zokololazo zapezeka, pazithunzi zina, mapepala a utoto ndi zotsalira zazinthu zowonjezera zinapezeka, zomwe ziri zovuta kwambiri pakati pa mafano akale. Nkhumba zakhala zikudziwika ngati mankhwala amchere monga cinnabar, azurite ndi malachite. Asayansi sakanakhoza kudziwa momwe mtundu wa binder ndi njira yeniyeni yoyaka. Chifukwa cha zamakono zamakono, akatswiri a ku China adapeza mayankho ku mafunso okondweretsa. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti ojambula ojambula zithunzi zakale ankaphimba zithunzizo ndi chimodzi kapena ziwiri zigawo za lacquer, zomwe zinapezeka kuchokera ku "varnish tree". Pambuyo pake, zigawo za polychrome zinagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo izi zinkachitika pa varnish kapena pa binder yomwe imapezeka kuchokera ku gelatin nyama.
5. Chinsinsi cha kusowa kwa madzi m'nyanja
Pafupifupi zaka makumi asanu zapitazo, masitepe am'madzi a Antarctic analemba zovuta zachilendo zomwe zimawoneka ngati bakha. Zikuwonekeratu kuti izi sizingatheke, chifukwa mbalamezi sizikanakhala pano. Chochititsa chidwi, kuti phokosolo linalembedwa panthawi yachisanu ndi yachisanu. Pambuyo pazaka zambiri, asayansi adatha kuzindikira kuti ziwombankhanga zimakhala ngati nyenyezi zazing'ono. Kupeza kumeneku kumathandiza asayansi kudziwa njira zawo zoyendayenda.
6. Chinsinsi cha zigoba za mammoths
Asayansi kwa nthawi yaitali adazunza funso loti chifukwa chiyani makumi asanu ndi awiri mwa makumi asanu ndi awiri mwa makumi asanu ndi awiri mwa makumi asanu ndi awiri mwa makumi asanu ndi awiri mwa makumi asanu ndi atatu a otsalira omwe amapezeka a mammoth ndi a amuna. Mu 2017, gulu la kafukufuku linafika pozindikira kuti chiŵerengero cha kugonana chinakhudzidwa ndi utsogoleri ndi moyo wa chikhalidwe cha nyama izi. Mammoths, ngati njovu, ankakhala m'magulu otsogoleredwa ndi akazi. Nkhosa zing'onozing'onozi zinkaphatikizapo abambo azimayi ndi ana aang'ono, ndipo pamene amuna adakula, adathamangitsidwa ndipo adakhala okhaokha. Chotsatira chake, osadziŵa zambiri anali m'mikhalidwe yomwe inatsogolera ku imfa, koma inathandizanso kuti asungidwe bwino. Kwa misampha yoopsa ya chilengedwe ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mitsinje, ziphuphu ndi mabala. Zotsalirazo zinatetezedwa ku nyengo, kotero zidapulumuka mpaka lero.
7. Chinsinsi cha mdima wa mwezi
Kwa nthawi yoyamba zithunzi za mbali yamdima ya satellita zinapangidwa mu 1959 pa Luna-3. Ambiri adadabwa ndi kuti pazithunzi za pamwamba pa mwezi panalibe malo akuluakulu amdima, omwe ali ochuluka kumbali yooneka. Amatchedwa "nyanja ya nyenyezi". Izi zikufotokozedwa ndi momwe asayansi amachitira kuti Mwezi unapangidwa kuchokera ku zinyalala zomwe zinapangidwa pambuyo pa kugunda kwa chinthu kuchokera ku Mars kupita ku Dziko lapansi. Panthawi imeneyi, kutentha kwakukulu kunatulutsidwa. Mbali ya mdima inakhazikika mofulumira kuposa gawo lomwe linayang'anizana ndi Dziko lapansi, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti pakhale mawonekedwe aakulu.
8. Chinsinsi cha malo omwe alipo 26
Mu 1914, bwato la U-26 lomwe linangoyamba kumene, linayambika, ndipo Lieutenant Commander Egewolph von Berkheim anayamba kulamulira. Anapanga maulendo angapo opambana, koma mu August 1915 kanyanja yamadzimadzi inatheratu pamodzi ndi anthu onse ogwira ntchito ku Nyanja ya Baltic. Pakati pa zaka zofufuza, malingaliro ambiri anayikidwa, zomwe zikanati zichitike. Pali matembenuzidwe, chifukwa chake ndi injini kapena injini ya nyanja. Kuwongolera kwa sitimayo kunawonekera mu 2014 kumwera kwa Gulf of Finland. Chifukwa chachikulu cha kuwonongeka kwa anthuwa - a ku Russia anaika minda yambiri m'maderawa, omwe sitima zapamadzi zinadutsa.
9. Chinsinsi cha Indianapolis Cruiser
Mu 1945, panali vuto - kusefukira kwa sitimayo, yomwe inachititsa kuti anthu ambiri aphedwe. The cruiser anali pa ntchito - ankayenera kupereka ku US Air Force maziko, omwe ali pa Tinian Island, zigawo za bomba la atomiki. Ntchitoyo ikamalizidwa, sitimayo inabwerera kuntchito zake za tsiku ndi tsiku, koma inkagwedezeka ndi sitima yamadzi ya ku Japan yomwe inali ku Philippines. Atatumiza chizindikiro chachisokonezo, sitimayo inapita pansi mu maminiti 12. ndipo kuchokera pa 1196 anthu anagwa 316, pamene ena anafa mmadzi. Zinali zosatheka kupeza mvula yowonongeka kwa nthawi yaitali, koma mu 2016 deta yatsopano inapezeka, yomwe inathandiza kudziwa malo omwe sitimayo inasweka ndi mabwinja pamtunda wa mamita 5,5,000.
10. Chinsinsi cha "manda achikale" akale
Chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka kwa Pan-American Highway ku Chigwa cha Atacama cha Chi Chile, malo ambiri a nsomba anapezeka. Asayansi sakanakhoza kumvetsa chifukwa chake nyama zimasankha malo awa kuti aphe. Chifukwa chake chinatsimikiziridwa ndi kuziwonetsera katatu kwa zinthu. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti nyenyeswa zafera nthawi zosiyanasiyana, kotero asayansi apeza nthawi zinayi zosiyana. Imfa yambiri ndi ya poizoni, yomwe imapezekabe pamphepete mwa nyanja ya Chile.
11. Chinsinsi cha Imfa ya Nsanje Zambiri
Zimakhulupirira kuti nsomba zazikulu kwambiri zomwe zinakhalapo pa Dziko lapansi zinali gigantopithecines. Kwa zakale zambiri zovuta zakale zimakhala zovuta kuweruza kukula kwake, komabe zikukhulupirira kuti kukula kwake kunali 1.8-3 m, ndi kulemera 200-500 makilogalamu. Asayansi akupereka chiphunzitso chakuti nyulu zazikuluzikuluzo zinalipo kuyambira zaka 9 mpaka 100,000 zapitazo. Pa nthawi yomweyo, ofufuza a Senckenberg Center akukhulupirira kuti amadziwa chifukwa chake imfa ya giant pituitary. Asayansi akukhulupirira kuti ndizolakwika zonse zokhoza kwa nyama izi kuti zigwirizane ndi zikhalidwe zatsopano za moyo. Ataphunzira za zotsalira zotsalira, zinatsimikiziridwa kuti nsombazi zinali zamasamba ndipo idadya makamaka nsungwi. Pleistocene, madera ambiri a m'nkhalango kumene abuluwa ankakhala kukhala masana, omwe amaletsa chakudya. Kotero, iwo anafa asanayambe kusintha kwa chakudya chatsopano.
12. Chinsinsi cha "Anson" akusowa
Ku British Columbia mu October 1942, panthaŵi ya masewera a usilikali, ndege ndi ndege zinayi zinatha. Ntchito zofufuza zazikulu sizinapereke zotsatira. Mayankho a mafunsowa analandiridwa mu 2013, pamene ogwira ntchito ku kampani yolemba mitengo ankagwira ntchito pachilumba cha Vancouver. Iwo sanapeze kokha kugwa kwa ndege, komanso mabwinja a oyendetsa ndege.
13. Chinsinsi cha mapiritsi a chi Tibetan
Asayansi ochokera ku yunivesite ya Washington adaganiza kuti chifukwa chiyani zaka 4,000 zapitazo, anthu akale adachotsedwa ku East Tibet Plateau. Kuganiza kwakukulu ndikuti chifukwa cha kusintha kwa nyengo mu gawo lino sikutheka kukula kwa mankhwalawa - mapira. Tirigu ndi barele zinatumizidwa ku gawo lino patatha zaka 300 zokha.
14. Chinsinsi cha "mutu wa Boshem"
Ofufuzawa anapeza zambiri padziko lapansi, ndipo zina mwazofukufukuzo zinali zodabwitsa kwambiri, choncho, zaka zoposa 200 zapitazo ku Chichester, England, anapeza mutu wamwala wolemera makilogalamu 170. Mpaka chaka cha 2013, akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale sanadziwe zenizeni zenizeni za izi. Chifukwa cha teknoloji ya scanning laser, imene inabwezeretsa nkhope komanso ngakhale tsitsilo, mutuyo unadziwika ngati mbali ya fano la mfumu ya Roma Trajan. Zomwe zinapangidwa kuchokera muchaka cha 122 n. e. Pali lingaliro lakuti fano likugwiritsidwa ntchito kupereka moni kwa oyenda omwe analowa ku doko la Chichester poyamba.
15. Chinsinsi cha Ndege Barry Troy
Chinsinsi chinanso chinaululidwa chifukwa cha mkuntho woopsa. Pofika mu 1958, Lieutenant Thomas Barry Troy, yemwe ali m'gulu la Royal Canadian Navy, adatayika pa radar pamene akuthaŵa ndipo kuyambira pamenepo palibe amene adawona mnyamata kapena ndege. Chinthu chokha chimene chingapezeke pa nthawi yoyendetsa kafukufuku chinali gudumu la ndege ndi chisoti. Chifukwa cha mphepo yamkuntho Irma, zinyalala zinabweretsedwa pamwamba pa dziko lapansi, pakati pawo zidapezeka mkanda uli ndi chizindikiro "Lieutenant Troy". Zimakhulupirira kuti nthawi yonseyi paratrooper anaikidwa pansi pa mchenga wa mchenga, choncho sichipezeka. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti parachute sinaululidwe. Palibe zotsalira, palibe zidutswa zazikulu za ndege zomwe zinapezeka, kotero sichidziŵika bwino kumene ngoziyi inachitika.
16. Chinsinsi cha "Santa Maria"
Barry Clifford, yemwe anali katswiri wa zinthu zakale pansi pa madzi, anapeza zinthu zingapo zofunika kwambiri, choncho anapeza sitima ya pirate yodzaza ndi chuma, ndipo ananenanso kuti anapeza malo amene sitima ya Columbus Santa Maria inagwa mu 1492. Clifford adasankha kuphatikiza malo omwe anamangidwa ndi Columbus, ndi zolembedwa m'mabuku ake. Zotsatira zake zinadabwitsa iye, monga momwe wofukula mabwinja anapeza kuti gulu lake lakhala likujambula zakale ku Columbus. Zofufuza zasonyeza kuti chotengerachi n'chofanana kukula kwa Santa Maria, komanso ali ndi zida zofanana. Pambuyo pake, osakayikira kuti chombocho chinapezeka kale ndi Columbus.
17. Chinsinsi cha kutha kwa mimbulu ya Tasmanian
Nyama zimenezi zimatchedwa mbulu marsupial kapena tilatsin, ndipo zinatheratu mu ukapolo mu 1936. Kuchokera nthawi imeneyo, panali umboni wochuluka wakuti anthu adakumana ndi nyama izi kuthengo, zomwe sizinatsimikizidwe. Asayansi anatha kufotokoza chinsinsicho, chifukwa chiyani m'masiku amenewo mimbulu iyi inafera ku Australia, koma inatha kupulumuka pachilumba cha Tasmania. Panali matembenuzidwe omwe tilatsiny anamwalira chifukwa cha mliri kapena chifukwa cha mpikisano ndi dingo. Asayansi anafika pozindikira kuti mlandu wonse wa kusintha kwa nyengo. Mimbulu zomwe zimakhala ku Australia sizikanakhoza kupirira nyengo yotentha.