Amene adzapita ku Indonesia adzakondwera ndi miyambo ndi miyambo yake, zikhalidwe zadziko. Indonesia ndi dziko lamitundu yambiri, choncho tiyenera kulankhula zambiri za multiculturalism. Chikhalidwe cha Indonesia chinakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zipembedzo zomwe zimati ndi anthu ake - mwachindunji Chihindu, Buddhism ndi Islam. Komanso pakupanga miyambo, zikoka kuchokera kunja - China, India, mayiko a ku Ulaya, omwe anali "eni" a madera amenewa nthawi yachikunja yachikunja (makamaka Holland ndi Portugal) inathandiza kwambiri.
Chikhalidwe cha khalidwe ndi chinenero
Mkhalidwe wamakono wa makhalidwe ndi miyambo ya Indonesia inakhazikitsidwa makamaka potsutsidwa ndi Islam, yomwe ndi chipembedzo chachikulu m'dzikoli. Kuwonjezera apo, kwa Indonesians, zofunika kwambiri ndizo malingaliro:
- gotong royong - wokonzeka kuthandiza munthu amene akufunikira;
- musyawarah - kukambirana, kusinthanitsa maganizo;
- mufakat - chilolezo, chomwe chimakwaniritsidwa pambuyo pa kusinthana maganizo pazofunikira.
Zinyumbazi zimagwiritsa ntchito zilankhulo pafupifupi 250, makamaka zimakhala gulu lachi Malayil-Polynesian. Chilankhulo chovomerezeka kuzilumbazi ndi Indonesian; Iwo unakhazikitsidwa pamaziko a Malay, koma ali ndi mawu ambiri akunja - Dutch, Portuguese, Indian, etc.
Art
Kujambula kwa Indonesia kunayambanso kupembedza:
- Nyimbo ndi kuvina. Miyambo ya kuvina ndi nyimbo-zojambula zithunzi zimachokera mu nthano zachihindu. Mitundu yoyambirira ndi yosiyanasiyana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu a Java , chomwe chinapangidwa ndi Amwenye, kenako chinakhudza chikhalidwe cha mbali zina za Indonesia. Nyimbo za ku Indonesian zachikhalidwe zimadziwika ndi miyeso iwiri: 5-step selendero ndi pulogalamu 7. Chida chogwiritsira ntchito chimapambana pa mawu. Wotchuka kwambiri ndi gamelan - kusokoneza nyimbo, zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zoimbira.
- Chithunzi. Kukula kwa lusoli kunakhudzanso ndi Chihindu (mafano oyambirira anawoneka pano m'zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chiwiri AD, ndipo adawonetsera zojambula kuchokera ku ziphunzitso zachihindu ndi ma Indian), ndipo kenako - Chibuddha.
- Zojambulajambula. Zomangamanga za ku Indonesi zakhala zikugwedezeka kwambiri pamagulu achipembedzo awa. Kulowera njira, dziko la Indonesia ndilo khalidwe, ndikutsatira miyambo ndi miyambo ya zomangamanga za Chihindu ndi Buddhist, kuti apereke akachisi a zipembedzo zosiyana mkati mwa kachisi womwewo, zomwe zimakhalapo.
- Kujambula. Koma kujambula kwa Indonesian kunakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mayiko akumadzulo, makamaka - sukulu ya Dutch. Woyambitsa sukulu yabwino kwambiri ku Indonesia ndi Raden Saleh, mbadwa ya Java, wophunzitsidwa ku Netherlands.
Zithunzi za dziko lonse
Imodzi mwa mitundu ikuluikulu ya anthu omwe ali pachilumbachi ndi Batik, omwe chikhalidwe chawo chinabwera kuno kuchokera ku India, koma kenako chinapangidwa ndi kulandira makhalidwe a dziko. Mwazinthu zamakono za anthu a ku Indonesia ayeneranso kutchulidwa:
- ikat - nsalu yopangidwa ndi dzanja pa teknoloji yapadera, pamene ulusi wounikira uli wojambula mu mitundu yosiyana, ndipo abakha amakhalabe ndi monochrome;
- chingwe - nsalu za silika, zovekedwa ndi siliva ndi / kapena ulusi wa golidi, pamene ulusi wa zitsulo zamtengo wapatali zimakhala pansi;
- chida cha dziko la Indonesian - chigoba chokhala ndi tsamba lokhazikika, liri ndi tanthauzo lopatulika lamphamvu;
- zodzikongoletsera zopangidwa ndi manja .
Kitchen
Chikhalidwe cha ku Indonesia chinapangidwanso ndi mayiko ena, makamaka China. Zakudya zambiri pano zimabwereka ku Chinese zakudya; ena mwa iwo adasintha, ena adapeza mtundu wa dziko. Koma ku Indonesia, monga ku Middle Kingdom, mpunga ndiwo mankhwala.