Anthu ambiri anayamba kuganizira akalulu ngati maziko a chuma chawo. Nyama ya zinyama izi zimakhala zofunikira kwambiri pamsika. Koma imodzi mwa mavuto omwe nthawi zambiri amaletsa abambo a kalulu ndiwowopsa kwa ziweto zawo ku matenda ena. Chimodzi mwa matenda omwe amapezeka kwambiri ndi coccidiosis, omwe amalephera kupha nyama. Ndikofunika kudziwa zizindikiro za matenda oopsawa ndi zomwe zimayambitsa, kuti athe kuchita zowononga kapena nthawi yoyamba mankhwala okhwima.
Kodi khokchidiosis ndi akalulu ndi chiyani?
Omwe amachititsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi tizilombo tating'ono kwambiri - coccidia. Amapweteka m'matumbo ndi chiwindi cha nyama. Amatha kudwala nthawi iliyonse ya chaka, koma makamaka masika ndi chilimwe. Pali mitundu yambiri ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Anthu asanu ndi anayi amakhala m'matumbo a wodwalayo, ndipo mitundu ina imakhala m'chiwindi. Nthawi yosakanikirana imatha pafupifupi masiku awiri kapena atatu, ndipo matenda amapezeka kudzera m'magulu. Oocysts okhwima amatha kulowa madzi kapena kudyetsa limodzi ndi ndowe za kalulu wodwalayo kapena makoswe ena.
Coccidiosis akalulu - zoyamba za matendawa
Pakati panthawiyi, njira ya matendawa ikuphatikiza ndi kutsegula m'mimba, kudzimbidwa ndi kutupa. Mimba imakula mu kukula, nyama zimataya chilakolako chawo ndipo sizikulemera. Nkhono zimatha, kenako akalulu amadzipukuta mutu, amagwa pambuyo ndikufa. Autopsy imasonyeza kukhalapo kwa utumbo wochepa thupi wamatenda, omwe muli oocysts ambiri. Pamene mawonekedwe a chiwombankhanga amatha kuwona kukula kwa mtola, komanso pamagulu a maso ndi pamphuno pamakhala chikasu.
Izi zimachitika kuti coccidiosis siimayambitsa imfa ya anthu onse, koma anthu omwe adachiritsidwa angathe kupitirizabe kukhala odwala matenda mpaka ngakhale masabata anayi. Pakadutsa milungu iwiri, chiwerengero cha mlanduwo chikhoza kuchitika ndi matumbo a m'mimba, ndipo pa nthawi yowopsa - nthawiyi ikhoza kuchitika masiku 50 mutatha kutenga kachirombo. Nthaŵi zambiri, mitundu yonseyi imapezeka m'minda ya akalulu panthawi yomweyo.
Kodi mungatani kuti muchepetse mankhwala a akalulu?
Pofuna chithandizo, gwiritsani ntchito phthalazole kuphatikizapo norsulfazole. Ndikofunikira kutenga 0,1 gramu ya yoyamba ndi 0.3-0.4 magalamu a yachiwiri kukonzekera pa kilogalamu ya moyo wolemera. Sulfadimethoxin imathandizanso - 0,2 g pa 1 makilogalamu a kulemera kwa thupi tsiku loyamba, ndi 0.1 g tsiku patsiku zinai. Pambuyo masiku asanu osokonezeka, nkofunika kubwereza chithandizo cha mankhwala opatsirana. Mukhoza kupereka furazolidone mkati mwa sabata, mlingo wa mankhwala ndi milligrams 30 pa kilo imodzi ya kulemera kwa nyama.
Kupewa koccidiosis mu akalulu
Choyamba, ndikofunika kusunga maselo, kusamba nthawi zonse ndikusakaniza mavitamini, ndikuyeretsa ogulitsa kuchokera kuchitetezo. Kugonana kumachitika bwino m'maselo mumatope. Zomera zam'madzi zimathandiza kuti chitukuko chikhale chonchi, makamaka ayenera kudya. Pamene zizindikiro zoyamba za matendawa zikuwonekera, munthu ayambe kuchitira nyama yodwalayo, kuisiyanitsa ndi ena onse, ndi kupereka mankhwala omwewo kwa akalulu ena. Maselo, kumwa mbale ndi odyetsa ayenera kuthiridwa ndi madzi otentha ndi kuwonjezera pa sodium kapena potaziyamu (1-2%). Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito blowtorch kuti mugwiritse ntchito, kutentha kwakukulu kumapha coccidia.
Kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha katemera wa akalulu kungakhale, pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a ayodini. Mankhwala amakonzedwa asanamwe zakumwa. Simungagwiritse ntchito zitsulo zazitsulo, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito galasi kapena ceramic. Kukonzekera 0.01% kukonzekera ndi kophweka, kutha madzi okwanira 1 litre 1ml ya 10% tincture kapena 2 ml ya 20%.
Mlingo wa mankhwala:
- akalulu oyamwa - 100 ml ya 0.01% yothetsera tsiku la 25 la mimba mpaka tsiku la 54 la lactation;
- azimayi - 200 ml ya 0,02% yankho lochokera tsiku la 10 la lactation kufika 25, zomwezo zimavomerezedwa ndi ana atachoka chisa chawo;
- wachinyamata - 50 ml 0.01% ya mankhwala kuchokera tsiku la 30 la moyo kwa masiku khumi, ndiyeno patsiku la masiku asanu ndikuyambiranso njirayi. Koma tsopano mlingo wake udzakhala 70 ml wa 0,02% njira tsiku lililonse mpaka masiku makumi asanu ndi limodzi, ndipo pamlungu mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku ukhoza kuwonjezeka mpaka 100 ml.
Ena obereketsa akalulu kuti asatenge coccidiosis mu akalulu kuwonjezera pa zakudya lactic asidi. Koma m'pofunika kuchotsa choonjezera ichi kuchokera ku chiwerengero cha akazi masiku 12 musanayambe kugonana. Kwa masiku 25 a lactation, lactic asidi ikhozanso kuwonjezeredwa, kuyeza mlingo wa zowonjezera izi za 0.5% ya chakudya chonse.