Herniated hernia - zimayambitsa ndi mankhwala popanda opaleshoni, opaleshoni

Kutsekemera kwa msana kumabweretsa ululu wammbuyo. Maphunziro ake amachitika kwa anthu 30 mpaka 50. Kuchotsa, njira yopaleshoni ndi yopanda opaleshoni ikhoza kutonthozedwa, kusankha kumadalira pazifukwa ndi mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo.

Matenda a Herniated - ndi chiyani?

Mitsetse yonseyi imasiyanitsidwa ndi ma discs - mapepala oyambirira omwe amachititsa kuti fupa lisamawonongeke pamene likuyenda ndikupereka kusintha kwa malo onse. Zimakhala ndi magawo awiri - mapepala amkati (semiliquid mkati) ndi mphete ya fibrous (dense shell). Mitsempha yotchedwa intervertebral hernia imapangidwa chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa diski ndi kuphulika kwa chigawo cha pulasitiki kumapangitsa kuti mitsempha yatha.

Izi zimabweretsa zovuta, zowawa zowumitsa miyendo komanso kusagwira ntchito kwa thupi. Kawirikawiri palinso chitetezo chokhalira pakati pa dera la lumbar, m'magulu a thoracic ndi achiberekero samawoneka mochepa. Pakuti kutuluka sikuli kofunikira kwambiri, nthawi zina kuyenda mosasamala, makamaka pakakhala zovuta.

Hernia wa msana - amachititsa

Chofunika kwambiri kuti chitukukocho chikule ndi:

• kyphosis ;
• osteochondrosis ;
• mbuye ;
• kupweteka kwa msana;
• chithandizo ;
• kupweteka kwakukulu kapena kugwa kumbuyo.

Thanzi lopweteka limatha kukwiyitsa ndi zinthu zina, zosaoneka bwino:

1. Paulo. Akazi ambiri amakumana ndi mavuto.
2. Zochita zochepa. Kuthamanga kwa magetsi kumayambira ku mitsempha ya m'mbuyo, ngati sangapeze kayendedwe kofunikira, ndiye kuti interlayer pakati pa vertebrae imakhala yochepa.
3. Kutalika pamwamba pa 170 cm ndi zaka zoposa 30.
4. Kulemera kwakukulu.
5. Kusuta.
6. Kusokoneza.
7. Kupanda kuyenda - kugwira ntchito pamakompyuta, kuyendetsa galimoto, kuphwanya malamulo.
8. Kuthamanga kwakukulu kwa kuphunzitsidwa - katundu wambiri wambiri kapena kuthamanga mwadzidzidzi popanda kutenthetsa kumatha kuwonongera mitsempha ya fibrous.

Herniated msana - zizindikiro

Kuwonetseredwa kwakukulu ndiko kupweteka, komwe kungasinthe malingana ndi malo a chotupacho. Ngati pali nthendayi, zizindikiro zowonongeka zingathe kuwonjezeredwa ndi kuphwanya ntchito za ziwalo zina:

• kulephera mu lamulo la thukuta;
• kupweteka kwachisokonezo;
• kuchepa kutengeka.

Herniated lumbar msana

Zomwe zimapweteka pamutu uno ndizowopsa ndipo zimayaka, izi zimakhala chifukwa cha mizu ya mitsempha, yomwe ili pambali. Nthawi zambiri zimakhudza kumbuyo kwa thupi. Nthendayi yamtundu wa Herniated ikuwonetseredwa:

• ululu m'munsi kumbuyo kwa miyezi itatu;
• kusowa kwala zala;
• kumangirira kapena kumangiriza mwendo;
• kusowa kwachisoni mu kubulira;
• kupweteka kumapazi, chifuwa, mwendo wapansi, kapena nsomba;
• kusokonezeka kwa ziwalo za thupi.

Hernia wa msana wa thoracic

Vutoli limabweretsa mavuto ambiri mu matendawa, chifukwa amadziwika ngati matenda kapena m'mimba. Ululu mu nthendayi ya msana uli mu chifuwa, koma ukhoza kutsikira kumimba pamtunda. Zisonyezero zina zachikhalidwe ndi:

• kumangirira, kumangirira, kapena kupweteka m'chifuwa, mimba, mikono, kapena kumbuyo;
• Kufa ziwalo pansi pa malo okhudzidwa - mwachindunji kapena mokwanira;
• kufooka kwa manja;
• mavuto a chikhodzodzo, ziwalo zam'mimba ndi kachilombo.

Hernia wa msana ukhoza kudziwonetsa okha ndi mphamvu zosiyana, zimadalira kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya diski imene yataya pa mizu ya mitsempha kapena msana. Mmene mungaperekerere chitetezo chotsutsana ndi matendawa chimatsimikiziridwa pambuyo pozindikira ndikuzindikira kukula kwa chilondacho. Ngati mbali yapamwamba ya dipatimenti yowonongeka, zowonongeka kwathunthu ndizotheka, pomwe mutu wokha umasunga magalimoto ntchito, koma milandu yotereyi ndi yosawerengeka.

Herniated cervical msana

Chiwawa m'boma lino chimachitika pa 19% mwa milandu, yomwe imakhala yachiwiri kwambiri. Ngozi ndi kugwirizana kolimba ndi ziwalo zofunika mkati, choncho kuchedwa kwa chithandizo kungayambitse mavuto aakulu. Ngati nthendayi ya m'kamwa mwa chiberekero yayamba, zizindikiro zimatha kufalikira mu thupi lonse:

• kupweteka kwa dzanja;
• Kawirikawiri kumawoneka ululu pamapewa kapena pakhosi, pang'onopang'ono amapeza chikhalidwe chosatha;
• chizungulire;
• phokoso m'makutu ;
• zovuta kusuntha mapewa ndi khosi;
• kupweteka kochulukira pamene mukutsokomola, kutseka kapena kutembenuka;
• mutu;
• madontho a mavuto.

Matenda a nthenda ya msana

Zonse zosasangalatsa zomwe zimayambitsa katemera wa intervertebral, zizindikiro zomwe zimalankhula za kupweteka mitsempha, popanda chithandizo chamankhwala. Ma Syndromes akhoza kukula pamsana pawo, zomwe zidzasokoneza thanzi labwino kwambiri.

1. Vertebral. Chifukwa cha kupweteka kosalekeza, mpweya wamtsempha umayamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kukula kwa zowawa. Salola kuti ziwongole bwino, zilepheretsa kuyenda bwino, zowonongeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale bwino. Kukula kwake kwa msana ndi msinkhu kumakhudza zotsatira zake. Pogwiritsa ntchito chingwe cha msana, mavuto a ntchito za ziwalo zolimbitsa thupi zimapezeka.
2. Wopambana. Ngati mizu ya msana umakanizidwa kwa nthawi yaitali, ndiye kuti idzafa. Zotsatira zake zidzasokoneza zakudya zakuthupi komanso kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu zamagalimoto. Miyendo ya miyendo imafooka poyamba, kuchititsa kuti sitingathe kukwera ndi kukwera masitepe, ndiye kuti atrophy ikubwera, ziwalo zimachitika. Kumvetsetsa kwa khungu kumachepa, ndipo kutuluka thukuta kungasokonezeke. Ntchito ya ziwalo zowopsa imakula.

Nthendayi yotchedwa Herniated - diagnosis

Kuti muwonetsetse kuti ma disk amavomereza amalola tomography - kujambula kapangidwe ka kompyuta kapena maginito. Chotsatiracho ndi chosavomerezeka, chifukwa bwino zimasonyeza mkhalidwe wofewa. Sichisonyeza mimba ya msana, koma imaperekanso ndondomeko ya kuchepa kwa msana. Ngati njirayi siilandiridwe, ndiye gwiritsani ntchito myelography yosiyana. Nthenda ya intervertebral nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi zizindikiro zofanana ndi matenda ena. Kuti muwachotse iwo, mungafunike ECG, radiograph kapena gastroscopy.

Kuchiza kwa hernia intervertebral popanda opaleshoni

Nthaŵi zina, opaleshoni siyenela, zotsatira zabwino zidzachitika atalandira mankhwala ndi zifukwa zina za dokotala. Momwe mungaperekere msana wamtsempha ayenera kudziwidwa ndi katswiri wodalirika. Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti popanda chithandizo kapena osanyalanyaza kusankhidwa, vutoli likufulumira, lomwe lidzatha kuyendera tebulo logwira ntchito.

Hernia wa msana - mankhwala, mankhwala

Chiwembucho chimasankhidwa payekha, nthawizina kuyankhulana kwa akatswiri angapo kumafunika. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kungaphatikizepo masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi mitsempha ya msana kapena njira yapadera. Monotherapy ndi kotheka, koma zovuta zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Magulu otsatirawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

1. NSAIDs. Pali mawonekedwe odzola kapena mapiritsi ( Diclofenac , Ibuprofen, Indomethacin). Mwamsanga muchotse ululu, koma kuvulaza m'mimba thirakiti, kotero iwo amagwiritsidwa ntchito potsutsana ndi mankhwala oteteza (Omeprazole, Almagel).
2. Novocaine blockade. Kuthetsa ululu waukulu, zotsatira zimatha masiku 20. Chithandizo cha hernia yotchedwa intervertebral mwa njirayi nthawi zambiri sichikuchitika, chifukwa chingachititse kuti atrophy ya ligaments.
3. Mafupa. Kugwira ntchito kumayambiriro kwa matendawa, thandizani kubwezeretsa minofu ( Teraflex , Structum).
4. Zosangalatsa zamagazi. Pezani minofu, kuchotseratu masewera (Sirdalud, Midokalm).
5. Corticosteroids. Amachotsa kutupa, koma sangagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali (Decadron, Metiprednison).

Herniated msana - physiotherapy

Njirazi sizikugwiritsidwa ntchito paokha, zimangotsimikizira zokhazokha. Perekani zotsatira zotsatirazi:

• zolimbikitsa zamagetsi;
• kusintha kwa magazi;
• kupititsa patsogolo;
• mpumulo;
• kuthetsa kuuma kwa minofu.

Mankhwala a Herniated amachiritsidwa ndi njira zotsatirazi.

1. Electrophoresis. Zimathandizira kupereka mankhwala kumalo otsekemera, amagwiritsa ntchito pakali pano.
2. Phonophoresis. Njirayi ndi yofanana, koma ultrasound imagwiritsidwa ntchito.
3. Electrostimulation. Amatsitsimutsa minofu ndi kuimika kutuluka kwa mimba, zotsatira zake zimapangidwa mothandizidwa ndi kusinthasintha zamakono.
4. Magnetotherapy. Si njira yothandizira, imangothandiza kulimbikitsa kupambana kwa mankhwala ena.
5. Laser mankhwala. Zimathandiza kuthetsa kutupa ndi kupweteka, kumathandizanso kusintha.

Zochita ndi nthenda ya msana

Njira imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha mutachotsa ululu waukulu. Kuchiza kwa msana wa msana kumaphatikizapo maphunziro oyenerera popanda katundu wambiri. Zotsatira sizichitika mwamsanga, mphamvu ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi kufufuza nthawi zonse pa MRI. Zochita zonse zimachitidwa kuchokera ku malo ochepetseka, pang'onopang'ono komanso bwino. Tikulimbikitsanso kubwereza maulendo 10-12, ngati pali kupweteka kapena kulepheretsa kuyenda, ndikofunikira kusiya ntchitoyo.

1. Kupotoza kumtunda kwa thunthu. Mitunduyo imakhala pambali pamapewa, mikono imadutsa pachifuwa, thupi likuyamba loyamba, kenako kumbali inayo. Pansi pa chiuno, thupi liyenera kukhala loyima.
2. Kugonetsa pansi. Udindo ndi wofanana, mbali yam'mwamba imayambira kumanzere, kenako kumanja. Chiwerengerochi chinalimbikitsidwa kwambiri, koma popanda kusokonezeka.
3. Tembenuzani m'chiuno mwanu. Miyendo ndi yolunjika, manja akugwedezeka ndi mitengo ya palmu pansi, pang'ono pambali pambali. Mukasintha m'chiuno chanu miyendo ikhale pamodzi.
4. Kuthamanga mapazi. Malowa ali ofanana ndi oyambirira, miyendo palimodzi. Zimasuntha njira imodzi kapena imzake, kufooketsa minofu ya lumbar ndi yosakanikirana.

Kuchita opaleshoni kuchotsa nthenda ya msana

Njirayi ndi yotsiriza pamene njira zowonongeka sizigwira ntchito. Izi zikhoza kuchitika ngati mankhwalawa atachedwa mochedwa ndi dokotala kapena kunyalanyaza dongosolo la mankhwala. Ngati matendawa akufalikira, kuchotsedwa kwa hernia intervertebral ndiyo njira yokhayo. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti:

• zingakhale ndi zotsatira;
• nthawi zina njira zofunikira zowonjezera zimafunika;
• kumafuna wodwala kuti agwire ntchito kuti apeze bwino.

Mphuno yamphongo - mitundu ya ntchito

1. Discectomy. Zimayenera kuchotsa diski - yathunthu kapena mbali. Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kudula pafupifupi masentimita 8 pansi pa anesthesia. Zimayesedwa kuti sizingatheke chifukwa cha kuchepetsa kupuma komanso kufunika kwa mankhwala opatsirana pogonana kwa masiku khumi kuchipatala.
2. Endoscopy. Zimatengedwa kupyolera 5mm incision pogwiritsa ntchito zida zazikulu. Kuchotsedwa kwa msana wamtsempha motere kumakhala kofala, chifukwa palibe kuwonongeka kwa minofu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuchiritsidwa msanga. Ntchitoyi ikufulumira, ndikuchotsa tsiku lotsatira. Zimatenga pafupifupi masabata atatu kuti mubwezeretse. Chokhumudwitsa ndicho chiopsezo cha kubwereranso komanso kufunikira kwa anesthesia ya msana.
3. Microdiscectomy. Kutentha kwake ndi masentimita 4, kupangidwa pansi pa microscope ndi ambiri anesthesia. Kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito, mitsempha imamasulidwa popanda kuwonongeka kwa minofu. Athandizira kuchotsa zolakwa zingapo, m'chipatala cha odwala amachoka pasanathe masiku atatu.
4. Nucleoplasty. Njira yamakono kwambiri, nthendayi ya msana imachotsedwera pansi pa anesthesia wamba. Zotsatira zake zimapangidwa ndi laser, plasma kapena radiofrequency mizere kudzera masingano 2-3 mm m'mimba mwake. Chifukwa chake, kupanikizika kwa mitsempha kumachepetsa, kupweteka kumachotsedwa. Kuchokera kumapangidwe maola angapo. Zokwanira kwa hernias zosapitirira 7 mm.

Nthenda ya Herniated - kukonzanso pambuyo pa opaleshoni

Kufulumira ndi khalidwe lachidziwitso kumadalira pa kukonzanso kolondola. Pambuyo pa kuchotsedwa kwa hernia wa msana, njira yowonjezera ikulimbikitsidwa, zigawo zake zimasankhidwa payekha.

1. Mankhwala. Amaikidwa kuti athetse ululu, kufulumizitsa machiritso, kuteteza kuchitika kwa mavuto.
2. Physiotherapy. Zimathandiza kuti njira zina zikhale zothandiza.
3. Chitani mankhwala. Ikubwezeretsanso ntchito ya minofu, imapangitsa kuyenda kwa vertebrae.
4. Kubwezeretsedwa kwa Sanatorium. Zimatanthauzira njira yothetsera - mabedi, mapulogalamu, kusisita.