Ma National Parks ku Indonesia

M'gawo la Indonesia pali malo okwana 50 okongola, 6 omwe amatetezedwa ndi UNESCO ndipo amapezeka m'ndandanda wa World Natural Heritage. Zina 6 ndizo malo osungirako zinthu, zotsalira zimatetezedwa ndi boma. Iwo ali pazilumba za Java , Kalimantan , Sulawesi , Sumatra , ndi zilumba za Rincha ndi Komodo , zomwe ziri m'gulu la Small Sunda Islands, amaperekedwa kwathunthu kumapaki.

Masitima a dziko la Chisatra

Gawo la Sumatra ndilo nkhalango zomwe zimatetezedwa makamaka ndipo zimagawidwa m'mapaki atatu. Kuchokera mu 2004, chilumbachi chatetezedwa ndi UNESCO. M'madera onse atatu mungakumane ndi 50% nyama ndi zomera m'nkhalango ya Sumatra. Chigawo chonse cha mapaki ndi mamita 25,000 square. km:

1. Phiri la Gunung-Leser . Ili kumpoto kwa Sumatra m'mapiri okhala ndi nkhalango zosatha. Pafupi theka la gawoli lili pamwamba pa mamita 1,5,000, ndipo mapiri ena amakhala aakulu kuposa 2,7,000.Pamwamba kwambiri ili pafupi mamita 3,450. Malingana ndi kutalika kwake, zomera ndi zinyama zapaki zimasiyana. Mafamu a monkey amabwera ku Gunung Lecher National Park kukayang'ana ma oangutan a Sumatran. Nyama izi zimakhala pano chabe. Komanso pali magiboni wakuda ndi oyera ndi abulu. Kuwonjezera pa anyani, paki mukhoza kuona:
   • Njovu za Indonesian;
   • rhinoceroses;
   • tigeri;
   • akambuku.
   Mankhwala a orangutani amawoneka bwino mu malo osowetsa ziweto, chifukwa nthawi zambiri amayenda njira zowonongeka. Pafupi ndi malowa pali chakudya chofunikira kwa abulu, ndipo m'mawa kuno alendo amayang'ana oimira ambiri a nyama zomwe zimasonkhana kuchokera ku nkhalango zakuzungulira.
2. National Park Bukit-Barisan. Ndimzere wautali wotalika pamatombo pamphepete mwa nyanja, kutalika kwa makilomita 45 okha ndi kutalika kwa 350 km. M'dera laling'onoli mumakhala akambuku, njovu za Sumatran, njenjemera, ndipo pafupifupi zinatayika akalulu. Njovu zili ndi chitetezo chapadera, popeza pali pafupifupi 500 pano, yomwe ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu a ziweto padziko lapansi. Pa malo oterewa mungapeze nkhalango zam'mapiri ndi zomera zawo, nkhalango zam'madera otentha komanso mitengo ya mangrove yomwe ili pamphepete mwa nyanja. M'mapiri a paki yamapiri mungathe kukakumana ndi mathithi okongola kwambiri a dziko, Cuba-Perau. Komanso alendo amayendera akasupe otentha pafupi ndi Suvo.
3. Nkhalango ya Kerinchi-Seblat. Malo ake okongola ndi malo okwana 13,700 lalikulu mamita. km ili pafupi ndi mapiri okwera kwambiri a Indonesia - Kerinchi (mamita 3800). Mbali yaikulu ya pakiyi ili pamtunda wa mamita 2000. Ndizo mapiri otsetsereka a mapiri okhala ndi nkhalango zam'madera otentha ndipo amakhala ndi mitundu yosawerengeka ya nyama ndi mbalame. Kerinchini-Seblat Park ndi malo otetezedwa omwe mitundu yoopsa ya akambuku a Sumatran amakhala: pali pafupifupi 200 a iwo pano. Kuwonjezera pa iwo mukhoza kuwona:

• tapir;
• akambuku a Sunda;
• dzuwa zimbalangondo.

Okonda Flower akhoza kuyamikira chomera chodabwitsa cha arnold's raffleose, masamba ake ofiira owala kwambiri ndi oposa mamita, m'dera lomwelo mungapeze amorphousphallus, omwe kutalika kwake kungafike mamita 4 kapena kuposerapo.

Nkhalango Zachilengedwe za Java Island

Malo otetezedwa a chisumbu ichi ndi okondweretsa zinyama ndi zomera. Zina mwazo ndi nkhalango zakugwa, komwe mungakumane ndi orangutans, nyama za Timor, mazira a Javan, ndipo mumasangalala ndi maluwa aakulu kwambiri padziko lonse - Rafflesia Arnoldi. Choncho, mapiri aakulu a Java ndi awa:

1. Bromo-Tengger-Semer. "Park of Volcano" ili kumpoto kwenikweni kwa chilumba cha Java. Anatchedwa dzina lake chifukwa cha mapiri awiri otchuka kwambiri a mapiri, Bromo ndi Semer , komanso dzina la anthu a Tengger omwe amakhala pamapazi awo. Phiri lalikulu kwambiri la paki ndi Semer (kapena Mahameru, lomwe limamasulira ngati phiri lalikulu). Kutalika kwake kumafika mamita 3,676, ndipo mphindi iliyonse 20 mphepo imatulutsa gawo la nthunzi ndi phulusa mumlengalenga. Chiphalaphala chotentha kwambiri ku Indonesia sichitha kugona. Mu 2010, adasonyeza khalidwe lake, akuwononga kuphulika kwa midzi yozungulira ya Tenggers. Bromo - phiri lotchuka kwambiri pakati pa alendo, ndilopansi kwambiri, ndi 2329 m, ndipo ndisavuta kufika. Mkati mwa chipindacho, nthawi zonse mumatha kusuta utsi wazitali, womwe sulibalalika ndi mphepo. Oyendera alendo amabwera kuno:
   • Kuyamikira malo a Martian osadziwika ndi Indonesia;
   • kuti muwone pafupi ndi zochitika za mapiri;
   • kudziwana ndi anthu achimwenye, omwe akhala pamapiri oterewa kwa zaka mazana angapo.
2. Ujung-Coulomb . Kum'mwera chakumadzulo kwa Java ndi Sula, yomwe ili ndi eponymous peninsula ndizilumba zingapo zing'onozing'ono. Ujung-Coulomb inakhazikitsidwa pamalo ano mu 1992, ndipo tsopano ndi gawo la UNESCO World Heritage. Pansi pa chitetezo muli nkhalango zam'mlengalenga zapansi, zomwe zimakhala ndi zomera ndi zinyama, zomwe zimangokhala malowa. Alendo ku Phiri la Ujung-Kulon akhoza kukwera ndi kugwedezeka pa mtsinje wa Sigentor kapena kumadzika m'nyanjayi, pafupi ndi mpanda wa coral wodetsedwa.
3. Karimundzhava . Malo osungirako mapiri a panyanja, omwe sali ku Java okha, koma makilomita 80 kumpoto, pa zilumba zazing'ono 27 zosakhalamo. Apa pakubwera alendo osowa omwe amayamikira chikhalidwe chosadziwika, kuyendayenda ndi kuyenda pamapiri a emerald. Malo okongola a paradaiso omwe ali ndi mchenga woyera wa chipale chofewa, miyala yamchere ya coral, nyama zambiri zam'madzi zimakopa akatswiri okwera pansi ndi kuwombera njoka pano.

Malo Odyera a Komodo ku Indonesia

Pakiyi imatengedwa ngati imodzi mwa otchuka kwambiri. Anakhazikitsidwa mu 1980 pazilumba ziwiri za Komodo ndi Rincha. Tsopano paki ili pansi pa chitetezo cha UNESCO. Kuwonjezera pa mamita 600 lalikulu. km pamtunda, pakiyi imaphatikizaponso madzi a m'mphepete mwa nyanja, momwe mungapeze zinyama zambiri zosawerengeka, kuphatikizapo kuwala kwakukulu kwa manta.

Anthu otchuka kwambiri m'dera la Komodo National Park, chifukwa cha alendo omwe amapita ku Indonesia ndi mbadwa zazomwe zimayambira kale, zomwe zimatchedwa kuti dragons. Awa ndi abuluzi mpaka mamita atatu kutalika, omwe akhala akudera pano kwa zaka zoposa 3 miliyoni.

Nkhalango ya Bali-Barat

Mukafika kumadzulo kwa chilumba cha Bali , mukhoza kufika ku paradaiso uyu. Zimaphatikizapo nkhalango zam'mphepete zam'mlengalenga, mitengo ya mangrove ndi mabomba a mchenga omwe ali ndi madzi abwino kwambiri a m'nyanja ndi miyala yamchere, yomwe imakhala ndi nsapato, nkhaka zamchere, nkhuku komanso nsomba zambiri. M'mapiri a National Park, ku Bali-Barat mungathe kukumana ndi mitundu yoposa 200 ya nyama, kuphatikizapo:

• anyani wakuda;
• nkhungu zouluka;
• tchire;
• nkhumba zakutchire.

Gawo la paki ili pansi pa chitetezo cha boma, mulibe hotela, nyumba za alendo, makasitomala ndi malo odyera, palibe malonda ndi zokopa alendo kuno. Pakiyi imatseguka masana.