Mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Padziko lapansi, pali anthu pafupifupi 1 biliyoni omwe akudwala kwambiri. Zitha kukhala matenda okhaokha (kupatsirana kwambiri kwa magazi), ndi kuwonetsetsa kwa matenda a chiwalo (chimbudzi chachikulu).

Zimayambitsa matenda oopsa

Matenda otsatirawa angapangitse kuwonjezeka kwa magazi:

• endocrine;
• chinsomba;
• mtima;
• Neurogenic (ndi kuwonongeka kwa CNS).

Zomwe zimayambitsa kutuluka kwa matenda a shuga zingakhale izi:

• moyo wokhala pansi;
• atherosclerosis ;
• mowa ndi kusuta;
• kuwonjezeka kwa mchere;
• chibadwa.

Monga lamulo, kupanikizika pamwamba pa 140/70 mm Hg kumawoneka kuti kukwezedwa. Kuchepetsa izo pali mankhwala angapo ophera mphamvu.

Chizindikiro cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Mankhwala onse ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amagawidwa m'magulu anayi.

Odzibisa

Awa ndiwo mawonekedwe omwe amasintha ntchito ya dongosolo lamanjenje. Izi zikuphatikizapo mankhwala:

• Mchitidwe;
• Clopheline;
• Reserpine;
• Okadadin.

Kuonjezera apo, gululi limaphatikizapo ziboliboli, alpha-adrenoreceptor blockers ndi beta-adrenoreceptor blockers. Zotsatira za mankhwalawa ndi cholinga chochepetsa kuchepa kwa mtima ndi kutulutsa tonus, zomwe zimathandiza kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mofulumira kuchepetsa kuchepetsa kupweteka kwambiri kwa magazi ndi jekeseni mwadzidzidzi kwa mphindi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri.

Vasodilators

Zikutanthawuza, makamaka zokhudzana ndi zinyama, zogwirizana ndi vasodilation. Izi ndi izi:

• Chopanda;
• Nitroprusside sodium;
• Minoxidil;
• Diazoxide.

Zothandizira zoterezi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakakhala vuto lalikulu la mtima ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Diuretics

Ndalama zimenezi zimaperekedwa kuti aziyeretsa thupi la salt ndi madzi kudzera mu impso. Ndi kuchepa kwa edema chifukwa cha kuchulukitsidwa kwa magazi chifukwa cha mavuto a mtima wamtima, kulemedwa pamtima kumachepa. Iwo, nawonso, agawanika m'magulu atatu:

• Thiazide (Oxodolin, Saluretin, Hygroton);
• potassium-ignoring (Amyloride, Spironolactor, Triamterene);
• loop (Bumetonid, Furosemide, Piretanid, Torasemide, ethacrynic acid).

Mankhwalawa angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'njira zovuta zothandizira kuchepetsa mavuto.

Kuphatikiza mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Mankhwala otero amakhudza dongosolo la renin-angiotensin. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• ziganizo zopangidwa ndi akatswiri okonda mpikisano wa angiotensin II (Saralazine);
• tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a angiotensin (Captopril).

Kukonzekera kwa m'badwo watsopano

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo a mibadwo yatsopano akuphatikizidwa kukonzekera kuchitapo kanthu kwa nthawi yayitali. Amagwirizanitsa mankhwala ochokera m'magulu osiyanasiyana mu piritsi limodzi. Mankhwala oterewa amatengedwa kamodzi patsiku ndipo amatengedwera mosavuta kuposa mankhwala osakhalitsa, omwe amasonyeza pamene chisamaliro chapadera chimaperekedwa ndi kuwonjezereka. Mndandanda wa mankhwala osokoneza bongo a m'badwo watsopanowu unadzaza ndi mankhwala a Moxonidine (physiotherosis). Mankhwalawa sali otsika kwambiri kwa omwe amayamba kuyesedwa, koma amakhala ndi zotsatira zochepa ndipo amalekerera ndi thupi popanda kuwonetsa.

Komanso, mankhwala ena am'badwo watsopano akukumana ndi mavuto a zachipatala - Aliskiren - inhibitor of renin, hormone yomwe imayambitsa kusinthanitsa kwa madzi ndi electrolytes m'thupi.

Ndi chithandizo choyenerera chokhazikitsidwa ndi katswiri, sizodabwitsa kuti kutsatira malamulo ena m'moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku:

1. Kutsogolera njira yogwira ntchito.
2. Sungani zambiri.
3. Pewani kumwa mchere ndi chakudya chofulumira.
4. Onjezerani zakudya zanu zatsopano ndi zipatso za nyengo.

Zothandiza kwambiri kuti mugwiritse ntchito:

• chokeberry;
• wokondedwa;
• msuzi wa katsabola;
• strawberries;
• tomato.

Ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti kusamalira thanzi kumabweretsa chisangalalo ndikukhala moyo wabwino.