Ntchito yobereka ya banja imawonetseredwa kuti imatha kubereka ana abwino. Kuonjezerapo, monga momwe bungwe la World Health Organization limafotokozera, umoyo wa abambo ndi amai ndiwo mwayi wokhala ndi moyo wokhudzana ndi kugonana nthawi zonse kuti athe kutenga matenda opatsirana pogonana, kukonzekera mimba, kuonetsetsa kuti amayi ndi mwana ali ndi chitetezo. Malingana ndi akatswiri, chinthu chachikulu chimene chimasonyeza ntchito yobereka ya banja masiku ano ndi chiŵerengero cha kubereka, chiwerengero cha mimba ndi mabanja osabereka.
Zizindikiro zina zokhuza thanzi labwino la anthu:
- kukula kwa chiwerengero;
- chiwerengero cha akazi a msinkhu wobereka;
- chiwerengero cha ana ndi achinyamata;
- kufa;
- kuwonjezeka kwachilengedwe kwa anthu.
Zinthu zomwe zimawononga thanzi labwino la kubereka
Ntchito yobereka ya abambo ndi amai imakhudzidwa ndi mlengalenga, mlingo wa mpweya, madzi ndi kuwonongeka kwa nthaka, phokoso, fumbi, mafunde amphamvu komanso magetsi. Kafukufuku amasonyeza kuti m'madera akuluakulu ndi mizinda ya mafakitale umoyo wa ana obadwa, komanso mphamvu ya mkazi kutenga pakati ndi kubadwa mobwerezabwereza kuposa momwe zigawozi zimakhalira m'midzi, midzi, midzi ndi midzi. Kuphwanya uchembere kumatchedwanso chifukwa cha zinthu zina zodzikongoletsera ndi mankhwala apanyumba.
Choopsa chachikulu pa uchembele wa ubereki ndi mowa komanso chikonga, zomwe zimakhala zovuta kubereka nthawi zambiri zimadedwa. Akatswiri amanena kuti kukhalapo kwa ana otsika m'mabanja omwe onse amamwa mowa mwauchidakwa, ndi ofanana ndi 100%. Pakati pa 30%, maanja amenewa ndi osawuka.
Mavuto aakulu a uchembele
Chitetezo cha uchembele wokhudzana ndi ubereki chimaphatikizapo zinthu zina, njira ndi ndondomeko zomwe zimathetsa mavuto a kubereka komanso cholinga chake chothandizira kukhala ndi moyo wabwino wa banja lonse. Chimodzi mwa zovuta zomwe zikuchitika pakadali kutetezedwa kwa ntchito yobereka ya banja ndiko kupewa matenda opatsirana pogonana. Mwazinthu zazikulu: HIV / AIDS, syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia ndi mycoplasmosis.
Vuto lofunika kwambiri la kutetezera thanzi labwino ndi kuchotsa mimba, kuphatikizapo chigawenga ndi choopsa, pambuyo pake, monga lamulo, chiwopsezo cha mimba mobwerezabwereza chikupita mofulumira. Ziwerengero zimasonyeza kuti chiwerengero chachikulu cha mimba chimachitika mwa amayi a zaka 18-25. Deta yotereyi imakhumudwitsa kwambiri, chifukwa ndi amai omwe amaika chiyembekezo choonjezera chiwerengero cha kubadwa. Zolemba zachipatala zimanena kuti 60 peresenti ya mimba imakumana ndi mavuto, 28% mwa iwo ali ndi matenda opatsirana, 7% - kutuluka mwazi kwa nthawi yaitali, 3% - kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo za m'mimba.
Kulera ndi Uchembere wabwino
Ntchito zobereka m'mabanja zimayendetsedwa ndi banja. Ndilo vuto la banja lomwe lakhala lofunika kwambiri posachedwapa. Chowonadi n'chakuti chiŵerengero cha kubadwa chikugwera mofulumira chaka chilichonse, zomwe mosakayikira chimayambitsa kuchepa kwa anthu.
Chitetezo cha uchembele ndi ubereki ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa dziko lililonse. Pogwirizana ndi lingaliro lokhudza chitetezo cha uchembele, ikulingalira kutenga miyeso yambiri, pakati pake:
- kupereka maziko ovomerezeka a uchembele;
- njira zothandizira;
- Kuwunikira njira zatsopano zowunikira ndi chithandizo;
- thandizo lachuma la banja monga chitsanzo chachikulu cha ntchito yobereka ya anthu.