Sitima yothamanga kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi

Kuyambira pamene sitima inakhazikitsidwa, zaka zambiri zatha. Ndipo kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, sitima zapamsewu zakhala zikugonjetsa njira yayitali ya chitukuko kuchokera ku magalimoto akuluakulu kupita ku sitima zamakono zamakono zomwe zimayenda pa magnetic levitation.

Kodi ndi sitima iti yomwe ikufulumira kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi?

Malingana ndi chidziwitso chatsopano cha boma, sitimayi yofulumira kwambiri padziko lonse ili ku Japan ndipo liwiro lake ndilo 581 km / h. Mu 2003, sitima yapamwamba kwambiri yothamanga inayamba kuyendetsedwa pa mayeso a JR-Maglev pafupi ndi Yamanashi Prefecture. Sitima ya maglev (sitima ya magnetic pillow) MLX01-901 imayenda bwino pamwamba pa bedi chifukwa cha mphamvu ya magetsi, popanda kugwira pamwamba pa miyendo, ndipo mphamvu yokhayokha yomwe imapangidwira ndi yowonongeka. Sitimayi imakhala ndi "mphuno", yomwe imayenera kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa mpweya, ndipo liwiro limakupatsani mpikisano wodzitetezera mpweya pamtunda wa makilomita 1000.

Tsopano, mukugwira ntchito mumayesero oyesera ndikugwirizanitsa Tokyo ndi Nagoya, sitimayi ya MLX01-901 ili ndi magalimoto 16, kumene anthu okwera 1000 angathe kulandira bwino. Kukonzekera kwathunthu kwa sitimayi kukonzedwa kwa 2027, ndipo pafupifupi 2045 magnetic msewu uyenera kugwirizana Tokyo ndi Osaka-kum'mwera ndi kumpoto kwa dziko. Komabe, ngakhale manufacturability zonse ndi ubwino wambiri, sitimayi imayenera kumanga nthambi ina ya sitima, yomwe imayambitsa mavuto aakulu azachuma. Chifukwa kuti amange uthenga wathunthu pamakina a maginito pakati pa Tokyo ndi Osaka, omwe ali pafupi makilomita 500, pafupifupi madola 100 biliyoni akufunika.

Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti iyi si sitima yoyamba yomwe ikugwira ntchito mothandizidwa ndi maginito. Sitimayi yomweyo imayendetsa ku China, koma liwiro lake, poyerekeza ndi Japanese, ndi 430 km / h chabe.

Chiwiri chachiwiri cha sitimayi yofulumira kwambiri ndi sitima yapamtunda ya ku France ya TGV POS V150. Mu 2007, sitimayi yamagetsi pamsewu waukulu wa LGV Est pakati pa Strasburg ndi Paris inafulumira kufika 575 km / h ndipo inakhazikitsa malo otchuka padziko lonse lapansi. Motero, a ku France atsimikizira kuti njira zamakono zamagalimoto, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito padziko lonse lapansi, zingathe kupanga zotsatira zabwino kwambiri. Mpaka pano, ku France, sitimayi za mtundu wa TGV zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa m'madera 150, kuphatikizapo mizere yapadziko lonse.

Sitima yapamwamba kwambiri yothamanga ya CIS

Masiku ano, muzitali za malo otchedwa Soviet, sitimayi yothamanga kwambiri pamagetsi a magetsi iku Russia. Makampani opanga magetsi a ku Germany, makamaka a Russian Federation of Russian Railways mu 2009, anapanga sitima ya Sapsan. Sitimayo inatchulidwa ndi mbalame yowonongeka ya mbumba, yomwe imatha kufika msinkhu wa mamita 90 / s. Galimoto yapadera ya Sapsan imatha kufika msinkhu wa 350 km / h, koma choletsedwa pa sitima ya ku Russia sichilola kuti sitimayi isamukire mofulumira kuposa 250 km / h. Tsopano RZD ili ndi sitima zisanu ndi zitatu zotere, pamtengo wokwana 276 miliyoni euro, zomwe zimakulolani kuti muthe msanga pakati pa Moscow ndi St. Petersburg.

Sitima yachiwiri yofulumira kwambiri pa mndandanda wa kale USSR inakhazikitsidwa mu 2011 ku Uzbekistan. Afrosiab yapamwamba kwambiri yothamanga kwambiri, yokonzedwa ndi kampani ya ku Spain PATENTES TALGO SL, ikhoza kuthamanga paulendo wopitirira 250 km / h, yomwe imachepetsa nthawi yomwe imakhala pamsewu ndi njira ya Tashkent-Samarkand.