Matenda omwe amatenga mthupi amawopsa chifukwa cha kachilombo ka HIV, komwe kamalowa m'thupi kudzera m'magazi amadzimadzi (magazi, amphongo, umuna) ndi kugonana kosagwiritsidwa ntchito kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwala osalimba.
Kodi kachilombo ka HIV kamadziwonetsera bwanji?
Vuto la immunodeficiency virus liri ndi nthawi yopuma yomwe imatha pafupifupi masabata 3-6. Pambuyo pa nthawiyi, mu 50-70% a milandu, chigawo chachikulu cha febrile chimayamba, chomwe chili ndi:
- kutentha kwakukulu (nthawi zambiri sikumapamwamba kuposa 37.5 ° C);
- ululu pammero;
- ululu m'maganizo, minofu;
- mutu;
- kugona, kugonana, kusowa kwa njala;
- ziwalo zowonjezera zowonjezereka;
- kunyozetsa, kutsekula m'mimba, kusanza;
- ziphuphu za khungu, zilonda za mucosa;
- serous meningitis (zovuta kwambiri).
Mwatsoka, zimakhala zosavuta kusokoneza chimfine choyamba komanso zizindikiro zoyamba za HIV, zomwe zimadziwonetsera zosamveka bwino ndikupita masabata awiri (nthawi yayitali yomwe febrile idzatenga, zimadalira chikhalidwe cha wodwalayo).
Pazifukwa khumi, kachilombo ka HIV kamapezeka mofulumizitsa, ndipo motero, AIDS imaonekera mofulumira - monga lamulo, masabata angapo atatha kutenga matenda, mkhalidwe wa wodwalayo umachepa mofulumira.
Nthawi yopuma
Pulogalamu ya febrile yaikulu imalowetsedwa ndi nthawi yomwe munthu wodwala kachilombo ka HIV amamva kuti ali ndi thanzi labwino. Amatha pafupifupi zaka 10-15.
Mu 30-50% a odwala, gawo lodziwika bwino limapezeka nthawi yomweyo pakapita nthawi.
Kukhalabe ndi zizindikiro kumathandiza kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi. Komabe, ngati wodwalayo sakudziwa kuti ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV ndipo sakutsatira mlingo wa CD-4 lymphocytes, nthawi ino yopanda chidziwitso ikhoza kusewera nkhanza.
Njira ya kachirombo ka HIV
Panthawi yoyeretsa, chiwerengero cha CD4 limymphocytes amachepa pang'onopang'ono. Pamene zowonjezera zimafikira 200 / μl, zimayankhula za immunodeficiency. Thupi limayamba kuyambitsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (omwe ali ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda), omwe satiopsezedwa ndi munthu wathanzi, komanso amakhala m'matumbo ndi m'matumbo.
Kuchuluka kwa kuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha CD4 T lymphocytes nthawi zonse kumakhala payekha ndipo kumadalira ntchito ya HIV. Kuti mudziwe nthawi yomwe matendawa alili komanso kuti nthawi yayitali bwanji AIDS isanayambe, kusanthula kumathandiza munthu aliyense wodwala kachilombo ka HIV kuti atenge miyezi itatu kapena itatu.
Fomu yoyamba ya Edzi
AIDS monga chitukuko cha HIV chikuwonetseredwa mwa amayi ndi amuna mu mitundu iwiri.
Kwa mawonekedwe oyambirira, kulemera kwa thupi kumachepera 10 peresenti ya misa yoyamba. Pali zilonda za khungu zomwe zimayambitsa bowa, mavairasi, mabakiteriya:
- candidiasis stomatitis - thrush ya mouth oral cavity;
- Shingles - msuzi ndi vesicles makamaka pa thunthu;
- leukoplakia waubweya wa m'kamwa - mapepala ndi mapepala oyera pa mbali za lilime;
- herpes kawirikawiri.
Pa nthawi yoyamba, AIDS imasonyezedwa, monga lamulo, komanso mobwerezabwereza otitis (kutupa khutu), pharyngitis (kutupa kumbuyo kwa khosi) ndi sinusitis (kutupa kwa machimo a mphuno). Monga matenda a Edzi, matendawa amakula ndikukhala osatha.
Mtundu woopsa wa Edzi
Kulemera kwa kulemera kwa gawo lachiwiri ndikoposa 10% ya misa. Zizindikiro zapamwambazi zikuwonjezeredwa:
- Kutsegula m'mimba komanso / kapena malungo kwa miyezi yoposa 1;
- chifuwa chachikulu;
- toxoplasmosis;
- matumbo helminthiasis;
- Kaposi sarcoma;
- pneumocystis chibayo;
- lymphomas.