Zomwe zili m'mabukuzi zimakumbukiridwa potsiriza, pokhudzana ndi mapangidwe a nyumba. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zolakwika kwambiri pamene mukukonzekera pamene makonzedwe amachititsa chidwi choyamba cha nyumbayo ndi alendo. Kwa iwo omwe achita kale kuyang'anira uku, matalala mu msewu amathandiza - njira yosavuta yokongoletsera kuchokerapo.
Nyumba yokongoletsa nyumba ndi matabwa
Mmalo mwa mabotolo akale kapena mapuloteni osapindulitsa, matabwa a ceramic a paulendo ndi othandiza. Zimapanga mawonekedwe achikale pogwiritsa ntchito njira zachikhalidwe zomwe zimaphatikizapo zowonjezereka ndi machitidwe a mafashoni. Ogonjetsa kuchokera ku mfundo yofunikira ndi awa: Pastel Vicelori ndi wokongola, wakuda ndi woyera chessboard chitsanzo, mitundu ya zitsulo za Marrakech. Mukhoza kupanga chisankho chomaliza podziwa momwe zimakhalira pamapu a mtundu.
Tile pamakoma a panjira
Zowonongeka za zipangizo zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kukongoletsa makoma ndi matayala mu msewu amayenera kuyamba ndi zowonjezera kale zodziwika bwino. Ngati pansi pamtundu wake sungakhale wotetezeka chifukwa cha kutayika, ndiye kuti akhoza kukongoletsa makoma a makonzedwe. Miyala yamakono yamakono panjirayi si yoyera yokha, komanso imakhala yofiira ndi kutsanzira pansi pa khungu, nkhuni, silika kapena tsamba lagolide. Zovuta kwambiri zokongoletsera, zimakhala zodula kwambiri ndi matabwa.
Pansi matabwa a anteroom
Zovuta zazitsulo ndizochepa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zisawonongeke. Galaite ya Ceramic imakhala yolimba kwambiri: imapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono zomwe zimagwirizana ndi kulenga mapaipi. Kukhazikika kumawonjezeka mwa kugwiritsa ntchito pepala gawo lililonse. Poyankha funso lakuti "Kodi mungasankhe bwanji tile pansi pa msewu?" Mbuye aliyense adzakuuzani kuti musankhe pakati pa miyala ya quartz ndi ya "golide" ya Korea kuchokera ku miyala yachilengedwe, utomoni wa mapuloteni ndi ma polima. Mtundu wachiwiriwu sudziŵikabe, koma uli ndi mwayi wonse wochotsa mchere ndi kutchuka.
Zilembo zazitali za panjira
Denga ndi lovuta kwambiri kukongoletsa kuposa pansi. Nthawi zambiri amafunika kuwonjezera phokoso lakumveka kuti adziteteze kwa anthu oyandikana nawo. Pofuna kupaka phula zoyenera, zida zowonjezera zazitsulo, zojambula zojambulidwa. Kutsirizitsa misewuyi ndi matayala kungaphatikize mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maonekedwe kapena maulendo. Pakati pa zidutswa ziwiri za padenga, ndibwino kukonzekera kuyatsa magetsi, komwe kumateteza magetsi. Lingalirani kamodzi kokha kamodzi: mungathe kuphatikizapo miyeso ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito matayala kuchokera ku gypsum.
Mapuloteni a pulasitiki yonyowa amathiridwa pamtengo wapamwamba. Ziri zotsika mtengo, nthawi zambiri zimaloledwa m'malo mopanda kuwononga chikwama. Kuchokera kwao ndiko kuwala kwa polystyrene yowonjezera, yomwe imachotsa utoto wosanjikiza wa madzi. Miyala yamdima kapena yowala mumsewuwu imasiyanasiyana ndi mitundu iyi:
- Anagwidwa . Zili zovuta, chifukwa makulidwe a briquetti sangathe kukhala osiyanasiyana - kawirikawiri ndi 6-8 mm. Mtundu wa mtundu umatchedwanso ndi mawu oyera.
- Kupanga kupweteka . Mafuta a Polyfoam amawotcha kutentha ndipo amakhala ovuta kwambiri, pochita chithandizo cha mpweya wambiri. Ndibwino kuti jekeseni ikhale yodula kuposa polystyrene wamba, koma mtundu wake umakhala woyera.
- Kuthamanga . Mtundu wokhawokha wa pulasitiki wamtengo wapatali wa pulasitiki, womwe umakulolani kuti musadzisankhe mthunzi chifukwa chakuti filimu yamapangidwe aliwonse akugwedezeka pa njerwa yamatope yoyera mumsewu.
Tile pakhomo la khomo lolowera panjira
Malo ake akufunika kukongoletsa pakhomo ndi khomo. N'kutheka kuti ndibokosi la bokosi lopangidwa ndi matabwa, kapena lopangidwa mosiyana ndi zipangizo zina. Mng'oma wa matayala m'kati mwa msewu udzakhala chopinga chachilengedwe, chotchinga chotetezera kutsogolo kwa dothi mumsewu. Zimathandiza kuti zosavuta zikhale zosavuta, zomwe zimafunika kuti pulogalamu yokhala ndi mphutsi komanso yotsekemera ikhale yofunika. Mofanana ndi ndalama zina zomwe zimakonzedweratu, malowa salola kulekanitsa khalidwe.
Miyala yomwe ili pamsewu kumalo awa amasankhidwa mdima wakuda chifukwa cha kuchepa kwawo. Zokongoletsera za pakhomo ndizosatheka kufotokozera kuti ndi zingati zomwe zingatheke - kuti muyembekezere chosowa chotheka, muyenera kugula 5-10% ya zinthu zambiri kusiyana ndi zofunikira zoyambirira. Mosasamala kanthu kuti zojambulazo zimapangidwa ndi akatswiri kapena katswiri, izi zidzathetsa chips ndi zovuta zina zotheka.
Mapangidwe a matayala mumsewu
Chilimbikitso ndicho chizindikiro chachikulu posankha kalembedwe ka holo. Mailes akhoza kutchedwa njira yabwino kwambiri yothetsera dera lino, chifukwa zida zogwiritsira ntchito zipangizo zofooka ndizosafunikira. M'nyumbayi, nsapato zonyansa, maambulera amvula amasonkhanitsa: pansi ndi makoma a chipinda ayenera kukhala okonzekera kukonza nthawi zonse ndi chinyezi. Kuti mudziwe tileti yoti muyikire panjira, muyenera kusankha momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito chipinda cham'tsogolo, zomwe mukufuna kuchita ndi njira zopangidwira.
Zingwe za Gypsum panjira
Gypsum ndi yamtengo wapatali ya pulasitiki, kumupatsa mwayi wopanga pansi pa mwala, njerwa, pulasitala. Mpumulowu, ngakhale kuti umafunika kuyeretsa nthawi zonse chifukwa cha pfumbi, koma ukhoza kuwonetsedwa. Poganizira kuti ndiziti zomwe mungasankhe panjira, ndizofunika kudziwa momwe zipangizo zimagwirira ntchito. Kutsika mtengo kumafunika, mofulumira pulasitikiyo idzawonongeka. Zimaphatikizidwa ndi zojambula zina pofuna cholinga chodyera zovala zophimba zovala, moto ndi matebulo a foni.
Mirror imatala panjira
Zowonongeka kwambiri ndi zovuta poyeretsa pamwamba pa nyumbayo ndizopangidwa ndi galasi. Kulingalira kumapanga mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe a malo ambiri, kotero kuti matalala mu msewu wopapatiza ayenera kuwonetsedwa. Galasilo silikuloleza kuti ligwiritsidwe ntchito kukongoletsa makoma, kotero chobodza ndi chidutswa chinapangidwa. Ndicho chipangizo cha teknoloji yopanga briquette yowonongeka ndi mbali yonyamulira. Chigawochi chingagwirizanitse chophatikizirachi, kuteteza zigawo zambiri zomatira, pofuna kukwaniritsa malingaliro a khoma "lotayidwa".
Kumaliza nyumbayi ndi matabwa a clinker
Zida zomangira kuchokera ku zokolola zochokera kumapeto kwa zaka zapitazi powotcha mawonekedwe a dongo pa kutentha. Poyamba ankagwiritsa ntchito kunja kumaliza, ndipo kenako anayamba kumanga makomawo mkati mwa nyumba. Miyala yokongoletsera m'mbali mwa msewu wa clinker idzagwiritsidwa ntchito muzolowera, chifukwa imakhala yotetezeka ndipo siimatulutsa zinthu zoopsa. Kuzizira kumachedwa kuchepetsa kuwala kwa ultraviolet, kotero ndi koyenera kwa mkati mwa mitundu yowala, yofuna kugwiritsa ntchito pigment pamakoma.
Miyala ya marble panjira
Marble achilengedwe amafunika kukhala osamala: akhoza kutsekedwa ndi ming'alu ndi zong'onong'ono pamene akukumana ndi zidendene kapena ma reagents achiwawa, omwe m'nyengo yozizira amazaza misewu. Miyala yokongoletsera pakhoma pa msewu chifukwa cha ichi ndi yopindulitsa kuposa pansi. Kwa mitundu yonse iwiri, choyamba choyambirira chikufunika kuti ufike pamwamba pa konkire. Pa miyala ya marble, marble amagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito glue wapadera.
Zithunzi za zokongoletserazi zimadziwa kuti matalala omwe ali pamsewu wa miyala ya marble ndi ovuta kupambana, ngati akupita kumapangidwe apamwamba. Mitundu yake yambiri imagulitsidwa ku Italy. Pakati pawo, ogula amakonda zosankha ziwiri kuti amalize:
- Dulani akhungu . Kutsirizira pang'ono kumapangitsa kuti phokoso losagwedezeka likwaniritsidwe. Sichitha, ndipo chifukwa chake chimakhala ndi ngozi yaikulu. Sludge safuna kuti ipulumuke nthawi zonse, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuzisamalira;
- Marble wonyezimira . Miyala yakuda ndi yoyera mumsewu wopita kumalo okongola ndikumveka bwino kwambiri ndikukongoletsa kukongola ndi granularity ya mwalawo. Kuti muteteze kuti musagwedezeke, mungathe kuyika chitseko cha khomo.
Mosasamala kanthu ka chisankho chomwe chinapangidwa kuti chivomereze izi kapena pamwamba, ndikofunikira kuti zisamalire. Zakudya, timadziti ta chipatso, dyes tiyenera kutsukidwa pansi nthawi yochepa kwambiri. Kuyeretsa kwazitsulo zamatala m'bwalo la madzi ozizira, muyenera kuchepetsa sopo wamadzi. Marble amatsukidwa ndi phula ndipo amasiyidwa kuti awume mulemba. Pofuna kuthetsa mafuta, kuyeretsa ufa wosasunthika pamtunduwu kumagwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika.
Sungani matabwa mumsewu
Mtengowo ndi wambiri kwambiri moti ungapangidwe zinthu zakutchire ndi zophimba pansi. Zimapangitsa kutentha bwino, kotero kumapanganso nyumbayo ngati khomo lakumaso likusowa. Khoma limagwiritsa ntchito pakhomo la nkhuni ndilolondola, choncho ndibwino kusankha chojambula kuchokera ku chinthu china. Pali njira ziwiri - matabwa a ceramic a pansi, otentha mu uvuni, ndi granit "parquet".
Kulowa kumakhala pansi pa mwala
Mapeto oterewa akulimbikitsidwa kwa makoma. Miyala ya granite ya ceramic muholo, kutsanzira mwala, akuphedwa kuchokera:
- simenti;
- gypsum;
- quartz agglomerate.
Zonsezi ndizokongola osati zochepetsedwa ndi mwala wachilengedwe, koma zimakhala zosavuta kwambiri. Chokongola kwambiri ndi chophatikiza cha mchenga ndi wosweka granite, tar, marble. Mphepete mwake pamakhala kuwala, choncho ndibwino kuyika pafupi pafupi ndi mawindo kuti mupange chilengedwe chosazolowereka. Ngati matayala okhala ndi pulogalamu pansi pazowonongeka, amachotsedwa ndi zochokera pa sera.
Mwala wa simenti umapangidwanso pa mchenga, koma ndi kuwonjezera kwa gypsum. Zimagonjetsedwa ndi chinyezi ndipo zimakhala ndi mtundu waukulu. Chokhacho chimangokhala vuto lokonzekera kunyumba. Asanayambe kugona, kudula ndikofunika: kuti kuchepetsa kupanga fumbi, kumapangidwa ndi disc diamond. Pa nthawi yowonongeka, matalala amodzi mu msewu amadzipukuta ndi madzi ndi cholinga chomwecho.
Zithunzi zojambulajambula pamsewu
Zojambulazo zimawoneka bwino pansi, koma osati makoma, chifukwa m'chigawo chachiwiri zimachepetsa mamita asanu. Kwa iwo amene amasankha kudziimira okha, amaika zitsanzo zazing'ono zomwe amachititsa. Ngati pali zolakwika zilizonse zoyambira, zimakhala zosavuta kuzikonzekera, kuphatikizapo zofanana pamakonzedwe apamwamba. Podziwa momwe mungasankhire tile m'kati mwa msewu, muyenera kulemba zithunzi, kuyambira pakati pa chipinda.
Mizere yowonongeka mumsewu
Pansi, poganizira kuwonjezeka kwa chipinda, chiyenera kukhala chokhazikika komanso chosagonjetsedwa. Kuthetsa vuto ili likhoza kuphatikizapo matayala mu msewu wopita ndi maulendo. Ili ndilo mtundu wokwanira wa kuwonetsera zonse zomwe zingatheke. Matabwa a keramik ndi ovuta kuyeretsa, motero amayang'anizana ndi pakhomo, kulimbitsa mgwirizano wa zobvala ziwiri kuchokera ku zipangizo zosiyanasiyana. Zilembo pamagalimoto pamsewu ndizo chitsanzo cha kapangidwe kameneka. Mu studios amakulolani kuti musankhe holo kuchokera kumalo onse okhala. Pofuna kutsindika izi, mudzafunika choyikapo matayala mumsewu, posiyana ndi zovala zonse.
Nyumbayi ili m'gulu la zipinda zomwe zimafuna mphamvu yapadera ya zipangizo, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzanso. Pansi pa khomo, dothi, fumbi ndi kupunthira mumsewu zimagwa nthawi zonse, choncho nthawi zonse zimakhudzana ndi ufa woyeretsa ndi maburashi. Zilembo zomwe zili pamsewu ziyenera kukwaniritsa zoyembekezerapo, mwinamwake mwiniwake wa nyumbayo adzakakamizidwa kuti azikhala wotsalira nthawi zonse.