Verapamil ndi mankhwala ovomerezedwa ndi kaccium channel blockade, ngati kuli kofunikira. Vuto la Verapamil liri ndi zizindikiro zambiri zogwiritsiridwa ntchito. Mothandizidwa ndi izo, mukhoza kuyambitsa matenda a angina, komanso Prinzmetal angina pectoris .
Ntchito ya mankhwala Verapamil
Mankhwala aakulu a mankhwalawa ndi chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zedi kuti asalole kuti maselo a calcium alowe m'maselo osakanikirana a zitsulo ndi ku cardiomyocytes. Mankhwalawa amachepetsa kufunika kwa ma carkodium mu O2 (oksijeni), kuchepetsa mgwirizano wa myocardial ndi kuchepa kwa mtima.
Kuonjezera apo, verapamil imatha kuwonjezera mitsempha yamakono, motero imapangitsa kuti magazi aziyenda bwino. Kuchepetsa mau a mitsempha yowona, Verapamil imakhala ndi mphamvu yowonongeka. Ndi zopangira arrhythmias, amachititsa kuti munthu asamangokhalira kugunda mofulumira.
Verapamil ndi chiyani?
Mankhwala awa akuwonetsedwa kwa:
- angina pectoris;
- supranventicular, ciliary ndi sinus tachycardia ;
- matenda oopsa.
Zizindikiro zogwiritsira ntchito verapamil ndi matenda oopsa kwambiri, omwe amawopsa kwambiri m'magazi aang'ono.
Komanso oyenerera kuchipatala ndi kupewa njira zosiyana siyana zokhazokha:
- chofufumitsa;
- paroxysmal tachcardias;
- ntchentche komanso zamagetsi.
Atatha kudya, mankhwalawa amatenga 90%, ndipo chiwerengero chake ndi 20-35% pamene choyamba chidutsa pachiwindi. Pakakhala nthawi yovomerezeka komanso yapamwamba, chizindikirochi chikuwonjezeka.
Kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kutsutsana kwa mankhwala a Verapamil
Dokotala ayenera kulemba regimen ndi mlingo payekha. Monga lamulo, kwa akuluakulu, mlingo woyamba ndi wochokera pamamilimita makumi anai mpaka eyiti katatu patsiku. Mliri waukulu tsiku lililonse ukhoza kukhala 480 mg.
Kuwonjezeka kwa ntchitoyi ndi katatu kapena kanayi patsiku. Tengani mankhwala pakudya kapena mwamsanga mutangodya, osaiwala kumwa madzi pang'ono.
Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa Verapamil kwa anthu omwe ali ndi:
- kusokonezeka kwa mtima;
- wotchedwa bradycardia;
- choyimitsa;
- matenda a kufooka kwa nthenda ya sinus;
- AV blockade ya digiri ya 2-3;
- kuperewera kwa mtima kwa gawo la 2-3;
- Matenda a Wolff-Parkinson-White;
- vuto lalikulu la mtima;
- hypersensitivity kwa mankhwala.
Mankhwalawa ali ndi zotsatira zomwe zimakhudza machitidwe akuluakulu a thupi:
1. Maganizo a mtima:
- kwambiri kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi;
- bongo;
- kusokoneza mtima komanso kukula kwa mtima;
- kukonza;
- kugwa.
2. Pulogalamu ya mitsempha ya m'magazi ndi CNS:
- mutu;
- chizungulire;
- kukomoka;
- nkhawa;
- kufooka kwakukulu;
- kupweteka;
- kugona;
- kuchepetsa;
- kunthunthumira kwala zala;
- ataxia;
- chisangalalo;
- zovuta kumeza.
3. Mankhwalawa:
- kudzimbidwa;
- chisokonezo;
- magazi ndi kutupa kwa mimba;
- chilakolako chowonjezeka.
4. Kutembenukira kwa mayendedwe:
- kuyabwa;
- mphukira;
- chithunzi;
- chithunzithunzi cha khungu la nkhope.
Zotsatira zovuta za kumwa mankhwalawa ndi izi:
- kupindula;
- kuperewera kwa masomphenya;
- mpweya;
- nyamakazi;
- phokoso la edema.
Vutoli limaperekedwa mosamala ngati wodwalayo:
- wosalimba chiwindi ntchito;
- panali chifuwa chachikulu cha myocardial infarction.
N'kosavomerezeka kumwa mankhwala ndi anthu omwe ali ndi ntchito zomwe zingakhale zoopsa, zomwe zimafuna chidwi chowonjezereka ndi kuchitapo kanthu mwamsanga, amayi omwe ali ndi pakati komanso omwe akulera.