Odwala matenda a shuga amakhala ndi vuto lalikulu lomwe limakhala lowonongeka ku makoma a mitsempha. Amakhudzidwa ngati mitsempha yambiri ndi mitsempha, ndi ma capillaries ochepa kwambiri. Kuwopsa kwa matenda a shuga kumasonyezanso kuti akuphwanya hemostasis, zizindikiro zowonjezera za matenda zimadalira mtundu wake, nthawi yake ndi kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ya mitsempha.
Zizindikiro ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda a shuga
Mavuto omwe akufotokozedwawa amagawidwa m'magulu akulu awiri - macro-ndi microacopathies. Komanso, aliyense wa iwo ali ndi matenda ake omwe.
Macroangiopathy ndi kuwononga mitsempha yambiri ya magazi. Monga lamulo, miyendo ya pansi ndi mtima zimakhudzidwa.
Microangiopathy amadziwika ndi kusokoneza ntchito za ziwiya zazing'ono ndi capillaries. Pachifukwa ichi, ziwalo zolingalira ndi maso (retina), impso ndi ubongo.
Kuwopsa kwa matenda a shuga kwa miyendo ya m'munsi kumaphatikizapo zizindikiro zotsatirazi:
- ululu ndi kupweteka mu miyendo;
- kutengeka kwa zokwawa "goosebumps", kusowa, kukulira;
- kusinthasintha kwa kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka khungu;
- chotsutsana;
- kuundana kwanthawi zonse kwa miyendo;
- chithandizo;
- necrosis (mu magawo otsiriza).
Pamene zotupa za mtima zimatengera, macroangiopathy amadziwonetsera motere:
- kukonza;
- mpweya wochepa;
- tachycardia;
- mtima;
- kukomoka;
- bongo;
- kuchepetsa kukula kwa sitiroko ya mtima;
- chofufumitsa;
- chizungulire;
- zowawa.
Tsopano ganizirani zizindikiro za kuwonongeka kwa capillaries ndi mitsempha yaing'ono yamagazi.
Matenda a matenda a shuga a retina amadziwika ndi machitidwe awa:
- kuchepa kwachinsinsi ndi zooneka bwino;
- Zinthu zobisika, ngati kuti zinali zophimba;
- Kuwotchera kwa ziphuphu, mawanga, kumawala pamaso;
- pamapeto pake - khungu.
Kugonjetsedwa kwa zitsulo za impso, nephropathy, zikuphatikizidwa ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:
- kugona ndi kufooka;
- kupweteka kwakukulu;
- chisokonezo;
- kuthamanga kwa magazi;
- kukodza nthawi zambiri.
Matenda a matenda a shuga kapena osowa mphamvu a ubongo ali ndi zizindikiro zotere:
- zovuta kukumbukira;
- kuwonongeka kwa kusinthika;
- kuphwanya kugwirizana kwa kayendedwe;
- kukhalapo kwa zovuta zapadera;
- kusakhazikika kwachinyengo;
- anisocoria;
- kugwedezeka kwa kulingalira;
- Kulephera kuganizira.
Kuchiza kwa matenda odwala matenda a shuga
Mankhwala omwe amafotokozedwa ndi matenda a shuga ndi omwe amachititsa kuti shuga muziyambitsa magazi, makamaka chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ya magazi. Pachifukwachi makonzedwe angapo apadera amagwiritsidwa ntchito:
- Shuga;
- Posachedwa;
- Maninil;
- Siofor;
- Glicon;
- Metogamma;
- Diastabol;
- Amaryl.
Kuwonjezera pamenepo, mankhwala ochokera m'magulu angapo a mankhwala akulamulidwa:
1. Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol:
- Lovasterol;
- Vazilip;
- Cardiostatin;
- Zocor;
- Atherostat;
- Chokwanira;
- Chiwonongeko;
- Torquard.
2. Kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi:
- Diroton;
- Finoptin;
- Corinfar;
- Isoptin;
- Cordipine;
- Osati tikiti;
- Equator;
- Binelol.
3. Kuchotsa madzi owonjezera:
- Diakarb;
- Mzimu;
- Lasix;
- Chithunzi;
- Urakton.
4. Kupitiriza kukana kwa makoma amphamvu, kusintha kwa magazi:
- Chitsulo;
- Mzinda;
- Chodabwitsa;
- Rutin;
- Agapurgin;
- Kusungunula;
- Trental;
- Ginkgo Biloba;
- Chikumbutso cha Vitram.
5. Kuteteza mapangidwe a thrombi:
- Wobenzym;
- Sintha;
- Chombo Chotengera F;
- Detraleks;
- Aspirin.
6. Kupititsa patsogolo njira zamagetsi:
- Pyridoxine;
- Solcoseryl;
- vitamini C;
- Trifosadenine;
- Tocopherol.
Chifukwa cholephera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena matenda aakulu, zizindikiro zowonjezereka zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Choncho, chithandizo cha kuchepa kwa matenda a shuga m'magulu a m'munsi chimaphatikizapo kuchotsa phazi. Pofuna kulimbana ndi matenda osokoneza bongo, amachititsa kuti hemodialysis ikhale yozoloŵera, ndipo ngati vutoli likupita patsogolo, laser photocoagulation limalamulidwa.