Syndrome giperkaltsiemi ndi matenda a chilengedwe, omwe amayamba kuwonjezereka kwa kashiamu m'magazi a magazi. Kawirikawiri amapezeka panthawi yowonongeka kwa sayansi.
Zifukwa za hypercalcemia
Matenda a hypercalcemia amachitika motsutsana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana kapena zochitika za thupi m'thupi. Nthawi zambiri matendawa amawonekera chifukwa cha zilonda za glands za parathyroid. Zomwe zimayambitsa hypercalcemia ndi:
- malingaliro-hyperparathyroidism;
- fupa metastases;
- lymphoma;
- liwu;
- myeloma;
- lymphogranulomatosis .
M'magazi a m'magazi, calcium yowonjezereka ikuwonjezeka ndi kuchepa kwa chiwindi ndi matenda a endocrine (acromegaly, thyrotoxicosis ndi matenda osadziwika). Mankhwala a hypercalcemia amapezeka m'mayendedwe oopsa, akamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala enaake komanso amathyola mafupa.
Zizindikiro za hypercalcemia
Nthawi zambiri ndi hypercalcemia, palibe zizindikiro. Koma nthawi zina, pali mawonetseredwe a chipatala. Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- ululu m'mimba m'mimba;
- kudzimbidwa;
- kunyoza ndi kusanza;
- kuwonjezeka kwa magazi;
- kusowa kwa njala ndipo, motero, anorexia;
- kutsekula m'matumbo .
Kuwonjezeka kwa calcium ya seramu kupitirira 12 mg% kungaperekedwe ndi kuvutika maganizo, psychosis, chisokonezo, delirium ndi copulation. Wodwala ali ndi vuto lalikulu la maganizo, zokondweretsa, zofooka ndi zolinga.
Ludzu nthawi zonse ndi kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi zingakhalenso zizindikiro za hypercalcemia. Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti kashiamu wambiri m'magazi amachititsa impso za wodwalayo kugwira ntchito mwamphamvu. Zotsatira zake, zimabweretsa mkodzo wambiri, ndipo thupi limathamanga kwambiri.
Ndi matenda oopsa kwambiri, mtima wamtima umasokonezeka, mwachitsanzo, nthawi ya QT pa ECG imachepa. Kodi mlingo wa calcium wa seramu uliposa 18 mg%? Izi zingachititse kuti impso zilephereke, kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa ubongo komanso ngakhale kukongola. Muzoopsa kwambiri, ngakhale zotsatira zowopsya n'zotheka.
Mu hypercalcaemia, wodwalayo akhoza kukhala ndi miyala kapena calcium yomwe ili ndi impso zomwe zimayambitsa chiwonongeko cha thupi.
Kuzindikira kwa hypercalcemia
Kupezeka kwa hypercalcemia kungakhazikitsidwe chifukwa cha kuzindikira kuti calcium yapamwamba mumagazi ya magazi sizinachepera katatu. Pambuyo pake, wodwalayo ayenera kupitiliza maphunziro ena omwe angathandize kukhazikitsa zifukwa za chitukuko cha matendawa:
- khungu la calcium mu mkodzo pa tsiku;
- kusanthula kwa phosphate;
- chiyeso cha ntchito ya seramu ya enzyme alkaline phosphatase.
Nthaŵi zina, ndi mankhwala a idiopathic hypercalcemia, radiographs of mafupa, zojambula zojambula m'maganizo ndi mawerengedwe a zizindikiro za chifuwa ndi ziwalo za impso ziyenera kuchitidwa.
Kuchiza kwa hypercalcemia
Chithandizo cha hypercalcemia chimachitika mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala omwe amaletsa kutuluka kwa mafupa a calcium. Komanso, wodwalayo amalembedwa ndi mankhwala ozunguza bongo komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amalepheretsa ntchito ya osteoclasts. Ngati wodwalayo akutenga vitamini D, asiye kumwa mofulumira. Pa milandu yoopsa ndi hypercalicuric hypercalcaemia, opaleshoni iyenera kuchitidwa pofuna kuchotsa chiwalo chimodzi cha parathyroid kapena kusintha kwa impso.
Pambuyo pomaliza mankhwala, m'pofunika kuchepetsa kudya zakudya za calcium, ndipo yesani kumwa mankhwala omwe ali ndi calcium ndi vitamini D..