Mtundu wa shuga 2 ndi matenda omwe nthawi zambiri amakhudza anthu oposa zaka makumi anayi omwe ali olemera kwambiri. Chifukwa cha matendawa, mphamvu ya tizilombo ndi insulini imayamba, zomwe zimabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa shuga m'magazi, ndipo njira zonse zamagetsi mumthupi zimalephera.
Chodziwika ndi kusintha kwapang'onopang'ono ndi zizindikiro zosadziwika poyambirira, matendawa nthawi zambiri amapezeka pamtanda wa mavuto omwe angathe kukula mosavuta popanda mankhwala. Maziko a chithandizo cha mtundu wa shuga 2 kawirikawiri ndi mankhwala, omwe mankhwala osokoneza bongo amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Tiyeni tiganizire, kuposa momwe amavomerezera kuchiza matenda a shuga a mitundu iwiri, bwanji za kukonzekera ndizovuta kwambiri.
Mankhwala ochizira matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 2
Tsoka ilo, kuti kuchiza matenda a shuga lero sikutheka, koma matendawa amatha kuyendetsedwa mwa kukhala moyo wamphumphu. Ngati shuga wamagazi ndi kutsekemera kwa minofu ya insulini sangakhoze kuimika kokha kupyolera mu zakudya zochepa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'thupi komanso mankhwala, mankhwala sangathe kuperekedwa. Zolinga zazikulu zothandizira mankhwala ndi:
- kupambana kwa kayendedwe kake kagwiritsidwe kake kakang'ono;
- kupewa zovuta.
Gulu lalikulu la mankhwala odwala matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 2 ndi mankhwala osokoneza shuga mu mawonekedwe apadera, omwe amagawidwa mu mitundu inayi:
1. Mankhwala omwe amachititsa kupanga insulini ndi maselo osokoneza bongo. Izi zimaphatikizapo sulfonylureas, ofanana ndi mankhwala, ndipo amagawidwa ndi mbadwo:
- mankhwala obadwa m'badwo woyamba (tolbutamide, carbutamide, tolazamide, chlorpropamide) - chifukwa cha zotsatira zambiri zomwe tsopano sizikugwiritsidwa ntchito;
- mankhwala achiwiri (glibenclamide, glipizide, gliclazide, glycidone);
- M'badwo wachitatu mankhwala (glimepiride) ndi mankhwala atsopano a mtundu wa shuga 2, omwe ali ndi ubwino wambiri pazomwezo.
Komanso, pofuna kulimbikitsa kaphatikizidwe ka insulini, mankhwala ovomerezeka a Novonorm (repaglinide) ndi Starlix (nateglinide) adapezeka posachedwa.
2. Biguanides - mankhwala omwe amachititsa chidwi cha maselo kukhala insulini. Lero, mankhwala amodzi okha amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchokera ku mtundu uwu wa mankhwala: metformin (Siofor, Glucophage, etc.). Mchitidwe wa zochita za biguanides sizimveka bwino, koma zimadziwika kuti mankhwala a metformin amachititsa kuti thupi liwonongeke, motero likuwonetsa kunenepa kwambiri.
3. Mavitamini a alpha-glucosidase - njira yochepetsera kuyamwa kwa shuga kuchokera m'mimba m'magazi. Izi zimachitidwa poletsa kuchitidwa kwa puloteni, yomwe imaphwanya dzuwa lovuta, kuti asalowe magazi. Pakalipano, Glucobay (acarbose) ikugwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama.
4. Zowonjezera (zowonjezera) ndi mankhwala omwe amachititsanso kuti tizirombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Zotsatira zimapezeka ndi
Odwala omwe ali ndi nthawi yaitali ya matendawa angafunike kusankhidwa kwa jekeseni wa insulini yokonzekera - kwa kanthawi kapena kwa moyo.
Mankhwala osokoneza bongo a mtundu wa shuga 2 wa shuga
Mankhwalawa, omwe amalembedwa kuti apangitse mavuto aakulu, ayenera kukhala ndi gulu lapadera. Mu matendawa, pofuna kuthamanga kwa magazi, mankhwala amaperekedwa mosavuta impso. Monga lamulo, thizide diuretics ndi calcium channel blockers akulamulidwa.