Makanema a calcium

Ioni ya calcium ndi yofunika kwambiri pa kukonza njira zomwe zimachitika pamwamba pa maselo a maselo ndi njira zopangira maselo. Izi zimachitika kudzera mu njira za ion, zomwe mitundu ina ya mapuloteni amatha kutsegula njira ya calcium ions.

Malo ndi gawo la njira za ion

Njirazi, ndizo, zimagawidwa mu mitundu itatu:

• chithandizo;
• sakrolemalnye;
• maselo osakanikirana.

Njira zambiri za calcium zili mu mitsempha ya mtima, ndipo zotsalazo zimakhala ndi minofu ya bronchi, chiberekero, m'mimba, mapepala a mkodzo ndi mapiritsi.

Monga tanena kale, mavitamini a calcium amakhudza njira zamagetsi m'thupi, zomwe zimachititsa kuti:

• kuwonjezeka kwafunika kwa oxygen;
• chowoneka bwino;
• kuwonjezeka kwakukulu.

Pochepetsa ntchitoyi pamankhwala, mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe ali m'gulu la calcium channel blockers (BCC) kapena momwe amatchedwanso slow calcium channel blockers amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Zizindikiro za kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kuchiza kwa BPC

Mankhwala opangira calcium channel blockers amalembedwa pamaso pa matenda awa:

• chowopsa;
• angina pectoris ;
• chisamaliro chokwanira;
• Kusakaniza kwa angina ndi bradycardia;
• tachycardia;
• mtima wamaganizo matenda;
• kusokonezeka kwa ubongo;
• kugonjetsedwa kwa mtima wa zamulungu zosadziwika;
• Raynaud's syndrome .

Kuonjezera apo, BPC ikhoza kulamulidwa ku matenda a dongosolo lamanjenje, kudwala, matenda a bronchospasm ndi matenda ena otha mphamvu (Alzheimer's disease, senile dementia, uchidakwa).

Njira yogwiritsira ntchito kashiamu yowonongeka pa thupi imayambitsa:

• kunachepetsanso kutulutsa minofu;
• kusintha kwa magazi;
• kuchepa kwa mtima;
• chotsitsa cha diuretic;
• kuchepa kwa liwiro la mapulisa;
• kuchepa kwa msinkhu wa magulu a mapuloteni komanso kusintha kwa magazi.

Chiwerengero cha mankhwala

Anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito makina a calcium ali ndi magawo enaake ndipo amagawanika:

1. Zosinthidwa za dihydropyridine. Mankhwala awa amachokera ku nifepidine. Zili ndizowonjezera ziwiya za ubongo (Corinfar, Ardalat, Cordaflex, Lomir, Plendil, etc.).
2. Phenylalkylamine. Gulu lazitsulo. Zimakhudza makamaka minofu ya mtima, kuchepetsa mgwirizano wake. Zotsatira za zotengerazo ndi zofooka (Isoptin, Prokorum, Finoptin).
3. Benzothiazinine zowonjezera. Gulu diltiazem. Zotsatira za mankhwalawa ndizochepa kuposa za gulu loyamba, koma zimagawidwa mofanana kwa mtima ndi zotengera (Dilsem, Cardil).
4. Zosintha za diphenylpyrazine. Gulu la cinnarizine. Kawirikawiri, CCByi imaperekedwa kwa zilonda zamabotolo (Stugeron, Nomigrain).

Kuonjezerapo, onse omwe amaletsa calcium yochepa amagawidwa m'badwo woyamba ndi wachiwiri, ndipo mavitanidwe a dihydropyridine ali ndi limodzi lachitatu. Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa mibadwo ndiko kupititsa patsogolo mankhwala ndi kuchepetsa zotsatira zosautsa pambuyo mutatenga mankhwala. Komanso, mankhwala achilendo achiwiri ndi achitatu amachepetsa mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku, ndipo ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito 1-2 patsiku. Kwa njira za calcium za m'badwo wachitatu ndi mankhwala monga Amlodipine, Latsidipin, Nimodipine.

Gwiritsani ntchito ndi kutsutsana

Kulandira BPC n'kotheka pokhapokha mutatha kukambirana ndi dokotala komanso kufufuza. Pa vuto lirilonse la munthu, mankhwalawa amalembedwa kuti amatha kupanga njira zabwino kwambiri zothandizira.

Mankhwala aliwonse ali ndi zotsutsana zawo, koma kawirikawiri, iwo sakuvomerezedwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pamene:

• kupweteka kwa mtima;
• kusokonezeka kwa mtima;
• mimba, nthawi yopatsa;
• ubwana;
• kusalana;
• Matenda a mtima ndi zovuta pa impso ndi chiwindi.