Tsopano zinyama zimapezeka ndi makoswe okongoletsera, kudzikongoletsa ndi kukonza makoswe ali ndi maonekedwe awo. Zinyama zimakopeka ndi nzeru zamakono, zamakhalidwe, zakumbukira bwino, zimatha kuyankha dzina lawo, zimaphunzitsidwa bwino ndipo zimakhala zosavuta kuziwonetsa.
Mitundu ya makoswe okongoletsera
Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya makoswe okongola. Mwa mtundu wa ubweya iwo amagawidwa mwa:
- muyezo, ndi waufupi ndi wosalala;
- Rex, kukhala ndi tsitsi la masharubu ndi wavy;
- satin - ndi utoto wofiira wa silky;
- mafinya ndi makoswe amaliseche;
- madamu - anthu amaima ndi makutu ochepetsedwa, akumbukira Mickey Mouse.
Mitundu ya nyama imagawanika kukhala subspecies:
- zofanana: pali zakuda, zakuda, chokoleti, buluu, albino ndi ena;
- zosiyana: makoswe ali ndi Siamese, Himalayan, sable, siliva ndi mitundu ina;
- variegated: ili ndi mitundu yambiri.
Kuthamanga kwa nyani yokongoletsera
Makoswe okongoletsedwa am'nyumba sakhala moyo wautali, ambiri amatha zaka ziwiri. Pogwiritsa ntchito bwino komanso kudya zakudya zogwiritsira ntchito, chinyama chikhoza kusangalala ndi kukhalapo kwa zaka 4, koma izi zatha msinkhu wa nyama yotereyi. Kukhala ndi nthawi yochepa ya moyo kumalipidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa anthu payekha komanso kuchuluka kwake kwa kusintha kwawo kulikonse. Kutalika kwa msinkhu wamakono olembedwa ndi amateurs ndi zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri.
Zamkati mwa makoswe okongoletsera
Makoswe okongoletsera kunyumba - makoswe, kusamalira ndi kusamalira kumbuyo kwawo amapangidwa muzitsulo zitsulo, chifukwa ndizomwe zimakhala zotalika kwambiri komanso zotsalira. Mu pulasitiki ndi matabwa a nyama ndi bwino kusasunga. M'madzi a m'madzi, samalangizanso kuthetsa - amatsukidwa bwino, ndipo nyama zimadumpha pamtunda wa masentimita 40-50 ndipo zimatha kuthawa. Nyumbayi imayikidwa pamalo omwe palibe dzuwa lachindunji ndi phokoso limene khola limatha kugwira chibayo. Pafupi ndi batiri, nyumba sizimafunika - mpweya wouma umawononga nyama. Mphamvu yabwino ya kutentha + 18-20 ° С.
Kwa kota yokongoletsera, khola liyenera kukhala ndi kukula kwa 60x40x30 (kukula), nthawi zambiri nyumbayo ili ndi malo awiri. M'kati mwa nyumbayo nkofunikira kukhazikitsa:
- Chiphalasitiki cha pulasitiki chodzaza mafuta (makamaka nkhuni zouma zowonongeka.) Zabwino za utuchi zingayambitse chiwombankhanga m'makoswe, kulowa m'maso mwawo ndi mphuno .Pepala la nyuzipepala liri ndi zinthu zovulaza, ndipo sizili zoyenera kuzisunga monga zinyalala);
- Masitepe ndi tunnel, gudumu (nyama zomwe zimakonda kusewera);
- nyumba ya pulasitiki kuti ikhale yachinsinsi;
- Mwala wamchere wa makoswe (akuwongolera mano);
- kumwa botolo;
- 1-2 mbale;
- rag chifukwa cha kugona kapena hammock.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji makoswe?
Ngati makoswe okongoletsera amakhala m'nyumba, chisamaliro ndi kusamalira pambuyo pake zimaphatikizapo kuyeretsedwa koyenera kwa khola. Imwani mbale ndi mbale ziyenera kusambitsidwa tsiku ndi tsiku, kuchotsa zitsulo zowonongeka kapena zowonongeka, zatsalira zakudya, kusintha zodzaza mu thireyi. Cage ndi zinthu zonse zapakhomo ziyenera kusamalidwa bwinobwino. Ngati mumasamalira makoswe okongoletsera, fungo lake lidzakhala losawoneka. Nyama ndizodzichepetsa ndipo zimasinthasintha mosavuta kulikonse. Nthawi zina amatha kumasulidwa kuti ayende, koma tifunika kusamalira chinyama kuti asatope zinthu zamtengo wapatali.
Kodi ndingasambe makoswe okongoletsera?
Makoswe okongoletsedwa apakhomo ndi abwino komanso nyama zoyera, zomwe zimaphatikizapo ana zimatanthauza kusamba. Chitani njirayi ngati chinyama chikuwomba kapena fungo losasangalatsa. Shampoo yosungirako sitolo yamagulu imamuthandiza kupirira. Kusamba kukonzekera chidebe ndi madzi ofunda. Amayika nyamayo ndikuisamba ndi manja awo. Pachifukwa ichi, ndodoyo imatha kuwomba ndi kuluma, koma zina ngati njirayi. Pa kusamba ndi koyenera kumvetsera kuti makutu ndi mphuno ya makoswe sangapezeke. Pambuyo pa ndondomekoyi, chinyama chimafafanizidwa ndi thaulo.
Kodi mungadyetseko makoswe okongoletsera kunyumba?
Kusamalira ndi kukonza kwa rodent amakhala ndi zakudya zambiri. Ngakhale nyama zodyera zilibe ulemu, chakudya chawo chiyenera kukhala ndi mafuta ochepa kwambiri. Dyetseni akuluakulu kawiri pa tsiku, ana - maulendo 4. Amafunanso madzi abwino komanso abwino. Zomwe mungadyetse makoswe okongoletsera nyumba:
- Mbewu za tirigu (tirigu, oats, balere, chimanga, mapira). Zosakaniza zolimbitsa thupi zimagulitsidwa pamasitolo a pet.
- Masamba, zipatso: woyera kabichi, kaloti, nthochi, nkhaka, maapulo, mbatata yophika, dzungu, biringanya, mphesa.
- Zakudya zapuloteni (zoperekedwa kamodzi pa sabata): chidutswa cha nyama yophika, kanyumba tchizi, tchizi, dzira.
- Nkhuku za nkhuku: nyama zimakonda kuwongolera mano ndi chithandizo chawo.
- M'dzinja ndi m'nyengo yozizira, ziweto zimalimbikitsidwa kupereka mavitamini opangidwa kuchokera ku sitolo.
Makoswe okongoletsera - kusamala ndi kukonza: zomwe sizingaperekedwe pa chakudya:
- chokoleti, maswiti, maswiti;
- nyemba zakuda kapena nyemba za impso;
- soseti wosuta;
- mbatata yaiwisi;
- chips;
- soda ndi zakumwa zotsekemera;
- Brussels ndi kabichi wofiira.
Kodi ndingapereke udzu wotani ku makoswe okongoletsera?
Pakudya tsiku ndi tsiku kwa makoswe ayenera kukhala ndi masamba. Kodi makoswe okongoletsera kuchokera ku udzu amadya chiyani:
- katsabola;
- dandelion;
- parsley;
- cilantro;
- chomera;
- nsonga zochokera ku radishes.
Mapiko okongoletsa - matenda
Nyama yathanzi nthawizonse imayenda, imakhala ndi maso komanso chovala choyera. Pakati pa maso, mphuno ndi makutu a rodent, sipangakhale malo ofiira. Kudziwa kuti ngongole yokongoletsera imawoneka ngati yosamalidwa bwino mudziko labwino, ngati zopotoka zimapezeka, muyenera kufunsa dokotala wanu. Matenda a makoswe:
- Dzino lopweteka limatha. Zimakhala ndi kusakwanira kokwanira komanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa chakudya chofewa chabe - veterinarian akhoza kuthandiza.
- Mycoplasmosis. Matenda a bakiteriya, matenda amapezeka ndi mpweya, amachititsa kuyamba kwa chibayo. Kusunga nyama yaing'ono sizingatheke.
- Zovuta. Pamaso a khungu amaonekera, dokotala amawatsegula ndikuwatsata, amachititsa kukonzekera koyenera.
- Mimba. Iwo ndi owopsa kapena odetsa, veterinarian akupanga chisankho kuchotsa iwo.
- Ziphuphu zakunja zimakhala zovuta. Zikuwoneka kuchokera ku kuchuluka kwa zakudya za mapuloteni. Nkofunika kuchotsa mbewu za mpendadzuwa, mtedza, nyama kuchokera ku zakudya, ndi kuyeretsa tsiku lokhalamo kwa masabata awiri.
Kusunga kayendedwe ka ukhondo ndi kuonetsetsa kuti chakudya choyenera ndizofunikira kwambiri pokonza ndi kusamalira nyama. Matenda ena opatsirana ndi opatsirana ndi owopsa kwa anthu, kotero muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa khalidwe ndi maonekedwe a zinyama ndikuwona ukhondo. Ngati chiweto chasowa chilakolako chawo, sichimachitapo kanthu kapena chikuwoneka chachilendo - ndikofunika kuti muyankhule ndi veterinarian.
Kodi mungakonde bwanji makoswe?
Makoswe okongoletsera amakhala ndi makhalidwe abwino. Yoyamba ikuphatikizapo kutseguka kwa kuyankhulana ndi luntha. Ng'ombe ikangobwera kunyumba, imangomupatsa dzina, imayang'ana kwa iye pamene idyetsa chakudya. Patatha masiku atatu, ndodoyo imayamba kuchitapo kanthu pa dzina lakutchulidwa ndikupeza mwiniwakeyo. Ndiye mungathe kuzizoloŵera pang'onopang'ono m'manja mwanu. Pambuyo pake, nyamayo ikadziwika ndi mwiniwake, imamulolera kuyenda mozungulira nyumbayo. Kuchokera kwa chiweto ndi chilakolako chofuna kukunkha - ichi chiyenera kulamulidwa.
Mphuno yokongoletsera - kubereka
Kubala kwa makoswe okongola kumachitidwa mothandizidwa ndi anthu awiri osakanikirana ali ndi zaka 6. Atsikana amayeza 200-400 g, ndi anzeru komanso abwino. Anyamata - kwa 450-600 g, makamaka ovuta komanso osasamala. Zidutswazo zimabwerezedwa tsiku lililonse masiku khumi. Sluchku amathera maola 1-4 kumadera alionse - ziribe kanthu mtsikana kapena mnyamata. Mimba yamayi imatenga masiku 21, pakadali pano amadya zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Asanabeleke, amayi amtsogolo amanga chisa - amakoka zipangizo zosiyanasiyana (zida, pepala la chimbudzi). Mayiyo amabereka makoswe asanu ndi asanu ndi awiri mpaka asanu ndi awiri.
Ngati banjali limakhala limodzi, ndiye kuti panthawi yomwe mwana wabadwa, mwamuna ayenera kuikidwa pambali, kuti asamawononge ana. Ndikofunika kuti mayi azionetsetsa kupeza madzi abwino kuti asadye zinyalala zake. Mayi amadyetsa ana makanda kwa mwezi umodzi, kuyambira sabata lachitatu la moyo amayamba kuyesa chakudya chambiri. Ubweya wa ana umakula mpaka 8-10 tsiku, maso otseguka pakati pa masiku 12 ndi 16. Ali ndi zaka zoposa 1,5 nyama zimakhala zodziimira kwathunthu ndipo zimayenera kukhala pansi pogonana kapena kugulitsidwa. Pambuyo pa miyezi 12-18, akazi sangathe kulandira ana.
Kuphunzitsa makoswe okongoletsera
Pali zizoloŵezi zambiri zomwe zimaphatikizapo zizoloŵezi zachilengedwe za makoswe ndikubweretsa chisangalalo kwa ambuye. Kuti muchite izi, mukufunikira mankhwala - chidebe cha nyama, mbewu za dzungu. Momwe mungaphunzitsire makoswe okongoletsera:
- Bwererani ku khola. Pambuyo pa zinyama, zimatha kulola kuzungulira nyumbayo. Zili zosavuta kubwezeranso nyama: panthawi imodzimodziyo ndikufunika kutsanulira chakudya, kugogoda mbale pansi ndikuyitanitsa nyama - idzabwera ikuyenda.
- "Khalani" kapena "khalani". Tiyenera kusungunuka pamutu pa chinyama ndikuuza lamulo. Ngwewe idzaphunzira kuti idzakhala yabwino pambuyo poima pamapazi ake amphongo ndipo nthawi zonse idzakhazikitsa dongosolo "kukhala" ngakhale opanda zofufuzira.
- Kuthamanga mozungulirana. Mukhoza kuyendetsa pamsewu ndikupereka kwa chirombo pambuyo pochita chinyengo. Ndiponso, mothandizidwa ndi zakudya zokoma, n'zosavuta kuti adziŵe makoswewo kuti ayende pamasitepe.