M'madera a dziko lapansi pali malo omwe zizindikiro za kuwonongeka kwa dzuwa zimachoka pamtunda, choncho ndi zoopsa kwambiri kuti munthu akhalepo.
Mafunde ndi owopsa kwa zamoyo zonse padziko lapansi, koma umunthu sumaleka kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi, kupanga mabomba ndi zina zotero. Mudziko muli kale zitsanzo zambiri zozizwitsa za zomwe zingayambitse kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zopambanazo mosasamala. Tiyeni tiyang'ane pa malo omwe ali ndi chikhalidwe choyambira kwambiri.
1. Ramsar, Iran
Mzinda wa kumpoto kwa dziko la Iran unalembedwa m'madera osiyanasiyana padziko lapansi. Mayeserowa adatsimikizira zizindikiro mu 25 mSv. pachaka pamtunda wa 1-10 millisieverts.
Sellafield, United Kingdom
Uyu si mzinda, koma chipangizo cha atomiki chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida zogwiritsira ntchito zida zaputonium kwa mabomba a atomiki. Iyo inakhazikitsidwa mu 1940, ndipo mu zaka 17 panali moto, womwe unayambitsa kumasulidwa kwa plutonium. Tsoka loopsya limeneli linapha miyoyo ya anthu ambiri omwe anafa kwa nthawi yaitali ndi khansa.
3. Rock Rock, New Mexico
Mzinda uwu muli chomera cha uranium, chomwe chinachitika ngozi yaikulu, chifukwa cha matani oposa 1000 a zowonongeka zowonongeka ndi 352,000 m3 ya acid acid radioactive waste solution anagwa mumtsinje Puerko. Zonsezi zachititsa kuti chiwerengero cha ma radiation chiwonjezeke kwambiri: zizindikiro ziri 7,000 kuposa momwe zimakhalira.
4. Gombe la Somalia
Mafilimu amapezeka pamalo ano mosayembekezereka, ndipo udindo wa zotsatira zake zoipa ndi mabungwe a ku Ulaya omwe ali ku Switzerland ndi Italy. Utsogoleri wawo udapindula ndi mavuto osokoneza bongo ku Republican komanso kudetsa zinyalala zowonongeka pamphepete mwa nyanja ya Somalia. Chifukwa chake, anthu osalakwa anavulazidwa.
5. Los Barrios, Spain
Pachilumba cha Acherino chitsulo chosungiramo zitsamba, chifukwa cha zolakwika m'zinthu zothandizira, cesium-137 chitsime chinasungunuka, chomwe chinapangitsa kuti kutuluka kwa mtambo wa radioactive ndi mafunde oposa maulendo 1,000. Patapita kanthawi, kuipitsidwa kunafalikira kumadera a Germany, France, Italy ndi mayiko ena.
Denver, America
Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti, poyerekeza ndi zigawo zina, Denver mwiniwake ali ndi chiŵerengero cha ma radiation. Pali lingaliro: mfundo yonse ndi yakuti mzinda uli pamtunda wa makilomita imodzi pamwamba pa nyanja, ndipo m'madera otere, mlengalenga zimakhala zosaonekera kwambiri, motero kutetezedwa kwa miyeso ya dzuwa sizamphamvu kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, pali magetsi akuluakulu a uranium ku Denver.
7. Guarapari, Brazil
Mtsinje wokongola wa Brazil ukhoza kukhala wowopsa pa thanzi, umakhudza malo ena opuma ku Guarapari, kumene kuli kutentha kwa zinthu zachilengedwe za monazite mumchenga. Poyerekeza ndi kachitidwe ka 10 mSv, magawo oyezera mchenga anali apamwamba kwambiri - 175 mSv.
8. Arkarula, Australia
Kwa zaka zoposa zana ogulitsa ma radiation akhala magwero a pansi pa Paralany, omwe amadutsa mumathanthwe olemera a uranium. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti akasupe otentha ameneŵa amanyamula radon ndi uranium kupita pamwamba pa dziko lapansi. Zinthu zikasintha, sizidziwika bwino.
9. Washington, America
Nyumba ya Hanford ndi nyukiliya ndipo inakhazikitsidwa mu 1943 ndi boma la America. Ntchito yake yaikulu inali kuyambitsa mphamvu za nyukiliya kuti apange zida. Panthawiyi itachotsedwa ntchito, koma miyendo ikupitirirabe, ndipo idzapitirira kwa nthawi yaitali.
Karunagappalli, India
Mu chigawo chaku India cha Kerala m'chigawo cha Kollam, pali madera a Karunagappalli, kumene miyala yosayera imayendetsedwa, ena mwa iwo, mwachitsanzo, monazite, akhala ngati mchenga chifukwa cha kutentha kwa nthaka. Chifukwa cha ichi, m'madera ena m'mphepete mwa nyanja, mpweya wa ma radiation umakwana 70 mSv / chaka.
11. Goias, Brazil
Mu 1987, panali chokhumudwitsa ku boma la Goias, m'chigawo chapakati chakumadzulo kwa Brazil. Anthu okonza mapulaniwo adasankha kutenga chipangizo chomwe chinapangidwa kuti chikhale ndi radiotherapy kuchokera kuchipatala chosiyidwa. Chifukwa cha iye, dera lonselo linali pangozi, chifukwa kukhudzana mosatetezeka ndi zipangizo kunayambitsa kufalikira kwa dzuwa.
12. Scarborough, Canada
Kuchokera mu 1940, nyumba zogona ku Scarborough ndi radioactive, ndipo malo awa amatchedwa McClure. Kusokoneza maganizo kwa radium, yotengedwa kuchokera ku chitsulo, chomwe chinakonzedweratu kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito poyesera.
13. New Jersey, America
M'dera la Burlington ndi maziko a McGwire Air Force, omwe anaphatikizidwa ndi Environmental Protection Agency mu mndandanda wa mpweya woipa kwambiri ku America. Panthawiyi, ntchitoyi inkapangidwa kuti ayeretse gawolo, koma maulendo owonjezera a ma radiation alembedwa mpaka pano.
14. Mtsinje wa Irtysh, Kazakhstan
Panthawi ya Cold War, malo oyesera a Semipalatinsk adakhazikitsidwa m'madera a USSR, kumene kuyesedwa kwa zida za nyukiliya kunkachitika. Pano, kuyesedwa kwa 468 kunayendetsedwa, zotsatira zake zomwe zinawonetsedwa ndi anthu okhala pafupi. Deta imasonyeza kuti pafupifupi anthu zikwi mazana awiri anakhudzidwa.
15. Paris, France
Ngakhale m'madera ena otchuka komanso okongola kwambiri ku Ulaya kuli malo oipitsidwa ndi ma radiation. Makhalidwe akulu a chikhalidwe cha radioactive anapezeka ku Fort D'Auberviller. Mfundo yonse ndi yakuti pali matanki 61 ndi cesium ndi radium, ndipo gawo lomwelo mu 60 m3 lidetsedwa.
16. Fukushima, Japan
Mu March 2011, panachitika ngozi ya nyukiliya m'nkhalango ya nyukiliya ku Japan. Chifukwa cha ngoziyi, dera lozungulira malowa linakhala ngati chipululu, momwe anthu pafupifupi 165,000 okhala mmudzimo anasiya nyumba zawo. Malowo adadziwika ngati malo osiyana.
Siberia, Russia
M'madera ano ndi imodzi mwa zomera zazikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Amapanga matani 125,000 a zinyalala zowononga, zomwe zimayipitsa madzi pansi pamadera akufupi. Kuonjezera apo, kuyesera kwawonetsa kuti mphepo imafalitsa miyeso kwa zinyama zakutchire, kumene nyama zimasautsika.
18. Yangjiang, China
Mu District Yangjiang, njerwa ndi dothi zidagwiritsidwa ntchito kumanga nyumba, koma zikuoneka kuti palibe amene ankaganiza kapena kudziwa kuti nyumbayi sinali yomanga kumanga nyumba. Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti mchenga wa m'derali amachokera kumapiri, komwe kuli mchere wa monazite - mchere umene umatsikira mu radium, actinium ndi radon. Zili choncho kuti anthu nthawi zonse amawoneka ndi ma radiation, choncho chiwerengero cha khansa ndi chachikulu kwambiri.
19. Mailuu-Suu, Kyrgyzstan
Izi ndi malo amodzi oipitsidwa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo sikuti ndizofunikira mphamvu za nyukiliya, koma ndizochita zambiri za migodi ndi zokonzanso zomwe zimachititsa kuti madzi okwana 1,96 miliyoni awonongeke.
20. Symi Valley, California
M'tawuni yaing'ono ku California, pali chipatala cha NASA chomwe chimatchedwa Santa Susanna. Kwa zaka zomwe zinalipo, panali mavuto ambiri okhudzana ndi magetsi khumi a mphamvu zamagetsi a nyukiliya, zomwe zinayambitsa zitsulo zamagetsi. Tsopano ntchito ikuchitika m'malo ano pofuna kuthetsa gawoli.
21. Ozersk, Russia
M'dera la Chelyabinsk ndi bungwe lopanga "Mayak", lomwe linamangidwa mu 1948. Ntchitoyi ikupanga kupanga zigawo za zida za nyukiliya, isotopes, kusungirako ndi kuyambiranso kwa mafuta a nyukiliya. Panali ngozi zambiri, zomwe zinayambitsa kuipitsa madzi akumwa, ndipo izi zinachulukitsa chiwerengero cha matenda akuluakulu pakati pawo.
22. Chernobyl, Ukraine
Masoka, omwe anachitika mu 1986, sanakhudze anthu okha ku Ukraine, komanso mayiko ena. Ziwerengerozi zikuwonetsa kuti chiwerengero cha matenda osapitirira ndi a chilengedwe chawonjezeka kwambiri. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti adadziwika kuti anthu 56 okha anafa chifukwa cha ngoziyi.