Mankhwala opatsirana pakamwa masiku ano samakhudza ntchito ya mahomoni. Iwo ali ndi luso labwino, kuteteza mimba yosafunika. Komabe, ndikofunikira kusankha mankhwala abwino kuti mupeze zotsatira za ntchitoyo.
Kodi mankhwala opatsirana pakamwa amatenga bwanji?
Madokotala kwa nthawi yayitali anaphunzira zotsatira za njira zothandizira kulera pakamwa pa njira yobereka komanso thupi lachikazi lonse. Kupititsa patsogolo kayendedwe ka mankhwalawa kumaloledwa kuchepetsa mavuto omwe angakhalepo ndi mavuto. Zonse chifukwa cha zochitika zosiyanasiyana zomwe zigawo zikuluzikulu za mapiritsi, zomwe zimachokera ku mafananidwe opangira mahomoni ogonana.
Masiku ano kuphatikizapo njira zothandizira pakamwa, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwamsanga pa mlingo woyenera komanso panthawi yake, zimakhudza njira yoberekera motere:
- Njira zothandizira ovulatory ndizoletsedwa. Mahomoni omwe alowa mu mapiritsi a kulera amalepheretsa kukula ndi kusasitsa kwa dzira, zomwe zimalepheretsa kulowa m'kati mwa mimba kuti ukhale ndi umuna.
- Kusakanikirana kwa khosi lachiberekero. Manyowa opangidwa mu khola lachiberekero amasintha kusasinthasintha kwake, chifukwa choti kuthekera kwa umuna mu chiberekero chacheperachepera.
- Pewani kukula kwa minofu ya endometrial. Chifukwa cha kusintha kumeneku, ngakhale dzira lili ndi feteleza, kumakhala kosatheka.
Mimba zapakhomo - zoyipa ndi zowononga
Amayi ambiri amakhulupirira kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kwa nthawi yayitali. Kuvulaza ndi kulera kwachinsinsi ndi kuphwanya ntchito yowonjezera ya dongosolo la endocrine. Zotsatira zake, zotsatirazi zotsatira ndizotheka:
- kupanga mapangidwe;
- khansa ya m'mawere;
- thrombosis;
- matenda owopsa;
- kusamba kwa mliri ;
- kusintha mu chikhalidwe, nthawi ya kusamba.
Ngati mankhwala opatsirana pakamwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito molondola (zofanana ndi dokotala, mlingo, mapulogalamu amawonedwa), ndiye kuti mwayi wotsutsana ndizochepa. M'malo mwake, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kumathandizira kuimiritsa ntchito ya mahomoni. Zina mwa mfundo zabwino za kulandila bwino ndizofunika kukumbukira:
- kuchepa kupweteka pa nthawi ya kusamba;
- kuchepetsa nthawi ndi kuchuluka kwa kusamba;
- normalization ya kusamba;
- kupewa ndi kuchiza matenda a mimba ( endometriosis , adenomyosis);
- kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha ectopic mimba.
Mankhwala opatsirana mwachangu - mitundu
Mimba iliyonse ya kulera kwa amayi iyenera kusankhidwa ndi chikhalidwe cha munthu aliyense. Chimodzi mwa izi ndi chifukwa cha mankhwala osiyanasiyana omwe amaletsa kuyambira kwa mimba. Njira ya zochita zawo ndi yofanana, koma maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe a kumasulidwa ndi osiyana. Mchitidwe wa kulera umagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse ndi progestogen. The estrogens ali mu zolemba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukhalabe wabwinobwino ntchito ya kubereka dongosolo. Zomwe zilipo zikugawanika:
- kuphatikiza;
- gestagenic.
Kuphatikizapo kulera kwakamwa
Dzina la njira zothandizira kulumikizana pamodzi (COC) zinapezeka chifukwa cha zolembazo. Nthawi zonse amakhala ndi mafananidwe awiri a mahomoni - ethinyl estradiol (estrogen) ndi progesterone (gestagen). Malingana ndi mapangidwe a mapiritsi, iwo amasiyanitsa:
- monophasic - mlingo wa mahomoni m'mapiritsi ndi ofanana mu phukusi;
- magawo awiri - katsabola kali ndi mapiritsi okhala ndi ma hormoni awiri osiyana;
- magawo atatu - magawo atatu a mahomoni mu kukonzekera kokha.
Kuphatikiza apo, amagawaniza njira zothandizira kulumikizana pamodzi ndi zomwe zili mu gawo la estrogen mwa iwo:
- mlingo wapamwamba - ndi zonse zomwe zili ndi estrogens (Ovidon, Os-Ovlon);
- mlingo wochepa - zomwe zili ndi estrogens sizidutsa 30-35 μg mu piritsi imodzi (Femoden, Marvelon, Regulon, Janine);
- microdosed - mpaka 15-20 mcg (Mersilon, Novinet, Logest).
Kulera kwa Gestagenic
Mankhwala ovomerezeka ammimba a mtundu umenewu ali ndi progestogen yokhayokhayo yokha. Mankhwala a gululi amauzidwa kwa amayi nthawi yopuma, komanso amayi omwe amatsutsana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito njira zothandizira kulumikizana. Kawirikawiri, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, opangidwa ndi gestagens, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kumapeto kwa msinkhu wobereka kwa amayi omwe akubereka ndi nulliparas (pambuyo pa zaka 35). Zina mwa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri amadziwika:
- Lactineth;
- Charozette;
- Chodabwitsa;
- The microlut.
Kulera kwa postcoit
Nthawi zina, njira zothandizira amayi ziyenera kutengedwa pambuyo pa kugonana. Pazochitika zotero, atsikana amagwiritsa ntchito njira zothandizira kulera ana (postcatal contraceptive). Ikani mapiritsi awa pakatha nthawi yomweyo kapena mkati mwa maola 72 mutatha kukhudzana. Powonjezereka kwa nthawi, ndalama zothandizira pakhomo pakhomo zimachepa.
Zotsatira za kulera kwadzidzidzi zimachokera kuwonjezeka kwa mgwirizano wa chiberekero, zotsatira za myometrium. Chifukwa cha njira izi pali kukanidwa kwa zowonongeka, monga nthawi ya kusamba, ndipo mkazi amapanga mwamwayi mwezi uliwonse. Pa nthawi yomweyi, chiberekero ndi dzira, zimalidwa panthawi yogonana, kusiya chiberekero. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti mapiritsi opatsirana pogonana amatha, maina awa ali pansipa, amachititsa kuti ntchito isabweretse, choncho imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse. Zina mwa mankhwalawa a gulu ili:
- Tithawa;
- Mzimayi;
- Postinor.
Kodi mungasankhe bwanji kulera?
Kuti mudziwe kuti ndibwino kuti mapiritsi azitha kutenga chithandizo, mayi ayenera kupita kwa azimayi. Atafufuza ndikufufuza, dokotala amasankha mankhwalawa, poganizira za msinkhu komanso thupi lake. Zonsezi zokhudzana ndi kulera njira ziyenera kuoneka ngati izi:
- kukambirana kwa mayi wamayi;
- kubweretsa smear kwa masewera olimbitsa thupi;
- kufunsa mammologist;
- biochemistry ya magazi (AST, ALT, mbiri yamadzi, shuga);
- ultrasound kwa masiku asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu ndi awiri (7) a mzunguli.
Kuyeza kwa njira zothandizira pakamwa
Malingana ndi madokotala, mapiritsi abwino kwambiri a kulera ndiwo omwe ali oyenera kwa mkazi ndipo samayambitsa zotsatira. Chilichonse chiri chokha, choncho musadalire zomwe zikuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito njira zofanana za mnzanu, bwenzi lanu. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opatsirana pakamwa pamalangizo kapena malingaliro a amayi ena kungasokoneze thanzi.
Chifukwa cha ichi, kulankhula za mankhwala abwino kwambiri oletsa kulera ndi opanda pake. Komabe, tikhoza kutchula ntchito yogwiritsira ntchito njira zothandizira pakamwa za amayi, mndandanda wa zomwe zikuwoneka ngati izi:
- Regulon ;
- Marvelon;
- Yarina;
- Diane-35;
- Lactineth;
- Novinet;
- Atatu-regol;
- Jess.
Kugwiritsa ntchito njira zothandizira kulera
Kulandila za kulera kwachinsinsi kumayendetsedwa molingana ndi ndondomeko yomwe imasonyezedwa mu malangizo, poganizira malangizo omwe amaperekedwa ndi azimayi. Madandaulo onse omwe akuchitika pakagwiritsidwe ntchito ayenera kukambirana ndi katswiri.
Pofuna kuthandizira kugwiritsa ntchito njira zothandizira kulera, m'pofunikira kutsatira zinthu zingapo:
- Mapiritsi amatengedwa tsiku ndi tsiku, pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo (makamaka usiku).
- Kuphwanya boma, kudula phwando sikuletsedwa.
- Kusiya kusamba-monga momwe akuchitira kumafuna kupitiliza kumwa mankhwala ndi uphungu wothandizira (kutenga mimba kuyenera kutayidwa).
- Kuwoneka kwa machitidwe oipa (kuwonjezereka kwa magazi, kupweteka kwa mutu, kupweteka pachifuwa, kupweteka kwa maso, kupweteka kwa jaundice, kuvutika kupuma) ndi chizindikiro cha kuchotsa mankhwala ndi kusankha njira ina yotetezera.
Kodi kumwa mapiritsi oletsa kubereka?
Musanayambe kulandira chithandizo chamankhwala, mayi ayenera kuwerenga mosamala mankhwalawa. Ngati mkaziyo sanagwiritse ntchito njira zothandizira pakamwa pasanamve, ndiye kuti phwando liyamba tsiku loyambalo (lingakhale lochokera ku 5, koma muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu). Kutenga mapiritsi kumachitika molingana ndi dongosolo linalake, kuphwanya komwe kumakhudza mphamvu. Mankhwala opatsirana pakamwa amasiku ano amachititsa chiwembu 21-7-21 (tsiku lovomerezeka la 21, masiku asanu ndi awiri a kusokoneza komanso maphunziro atsopano).
Kuyanjidwa kwachisokonezo mapeto a maphunzirowo asaloledwe. Ngati piritsi lotsatira silikutengedwa nthawi, tsatirani malamulo awa:
- Ngati patatha maola 12, tenga mapiritsi osaphonya ndikupitiriza kuchita chizoloŵezi.
- Zinatenga maola oposa 12 - amatenga ndikupitiriza maphunzirowo, kutsatira ndondomeko yakale komanso kutetezedwa ndi kondomu mkati mwa sabata.
Kuchotsedwa kwa kulera kwakamwa
Kuletsedwa kwa mapiritsi a kulera kumatha kumapeto kwa maphunzirowo. Pamene piritsi lomaliza la phukusilo likuvomerezedwa, latsopano silinayambe. Pambuyo macheza mkati mwa masiku 1-2 ayambe mwezi uliwonse. Chikhalidwe chawo chingasinthe pang'ono (scanty, smearing). Kukonzekera kwathunthu kwa voliyumu ndi nthawi ya kusamba kumachitika m'ma 2-3. Apo ayi, katswiri wothandizira amafunika.