Tsopano pali kuchuluka kwowonjezereka kwa nthendayi ya matenda opatsirana komanso zochitika zowopsya. Antihistamines ya mbadwo watsopano mwa kutsekedwa kwa anthu odwala matendawa amatha kuletsa njira zowonongeka. Malo akuluakulu ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa ndikumenyana ndi zizindikiro za chifuwa ndi chimfine. Mosiyana ndi izi, mankhwala oyambirira adachepetsanso zizindikiro, koma sizinakhudze malo owonetsetsa.
Kodi mbadwo watsopano wa antihistamines ndi chiyani?
Gulu la mankhwalawa ndi cholinga choletsa mbiri ya histamine, yomwe imakhudzanso mapulogalamu a kupuma, khungu ndi maso, zomwe zimayambitsa maonekedwe a zizindikiro, zomwe mankhwalawa amaletsa.
Antihistamines ali ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, anticholinergic, amadzimadzi am'deralo am'deralo, amatsenga antispastic. Amakulolani kuti muchotse kuyabwa komanso kutupa.
Malingana ndi nthawi ya maonekedwe awo, mankhwalawa amagawidwa m'magulu akulu atatu:
- Odziletsa oteteza H1, histamine receptors amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuchepetsa matenda;
- Mabomba a H2 amatengedwa ndi matenda a m'mimba;
- blockers H3, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a ubongo.
Mbadwo watsopano wa antihistamines, omwe maina awo akukambidwa m'nkhaniyi, khalani ndi selectivity yokwanira ndipo musalowe mu khoma la ubongo la ubongo, chifukwa simungakhale ndi zotsatira za dongosolo la mitsempha ndi mtima.
Izi zimapangitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo nthawi zonse ku matenda amenewa:
- wothandizana ndi dermatitis;
- urticaria ;
- nyengo ya rhinitis, yomwe kutalika kwake kuli masabata awiri.
Mbadwo watsopano wa antihistamines - mndandanda
Mankhwala othandizira kwambiri a antihistamine a m'badwo watsopanowu amapezeka mndandandawu:
- Citirizine;
- Bamipini;
- Ebastin;
- Fexofenadine;
- Loratadin.
Kawirikawiri, odwala amapatsidwa Loratadine, yomwe palibe njira yowonongeka, koma pofuna kupewa, muyenera kusiya kumwa mowa. Mankhwalawa ndi oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu a msinkhu uliwonse. Analoji yake ndi Claritin, yomwe imagulitsidwa ku pharmacy popanda mankhwala.
Njira yowonjezera yotchuka ndi Fexofenadine, mwinamwake kutchedwa Teflast. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwake sikusokoneza kayendedwe kabwino ka mitsempha, zotsatira zake zimafikira mankhwala pambuyo pa ola limodzi. Sichivomerezeka kwa anthu osagwirizana ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu.
Mibadwo yatsopano ya antihistamines
Chifukwa chakuti mankhwala osokoneza bongowa alibe mankhwala osokoneza bongo, amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiritsa munthu amene ntchito yake imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi malingaliro komanso maganizo ake.
Pakati pa antihistamines onse a m'badwo watsopano, Zirtek amatchulidwa. Pokhala blocker ya histamine, imasokoneza ntchito yake. Izi zimathandiza osati kuchotsa zizindikiro za matendawa, komanso kupewa kutuluka kwa chifuwa. Mankhwalawa ali nawo
- kumachepetsa kutupa;
- kumathetsa kuthamanga ndi kuyabwa;
- kuchepetsa kuperewera kwa capillaries;
- Kutulutsa khungu kowonongeka ndi ubweya wa urticaria.
Komanso tiyenera kumvetsera mankhwala ena a antihistamine okhudzana ndi mbadwo watsopanowu, Erius. Chofunika kwambiri chogwiritsira ntchito ndicho desloratadine, chomwe chiri ndi kusankha kwa histamine receptors. Pakamwa mankhwala, serotonin ndi chemokine amawonedwa kuti ayima, kuyabwa ndi kutupa kuchepa. Zotsatira za mankhwalawa akupitirira maola 24, zotsatira zimatha pambuyo pa theka la ora mutatha kudya.