Pakati pa mitundu yoipa ya matenda opatsirana a magazi, polycythemia imakhala malo apadera - zizindikiro ndi chithandizo cha matendawa zimagwirizana ndi kusinthika kwa maselo aumunthu. Pachifukwa ichi, zimasintha kusintha kwa majini ndi kusintha kwa zigawo zikuluzikulu zamadzimadzi zimadziwika, zomwe zingakhale zomwenso zimafalikira.
Zifukwa za magazi polycythemia
Pakalipano, pali mitundu iwiri yosiyanasiyana ya matenda omwe amadziwika - nthenda ya polycytemia. Mtundu weniweni wa matenda ndi wapamwamba komanso wachiwiri. Pachiyambi choyamba, zomwe zimayambitsa chitukukochi zimaonedwa kuti zamoyo zimasintha, chifukwa chakuti maselo a polypotent ndi tyrosine kinase amasinthidwa.
Pulocythemia yachiwiri imapezeka motsutsana ndi zotsatirazi:
- hydronephrosis;
- ziphuphu ndi impso za impso;
- ndondomeko yachibadwa ya hemoglobin;
- kukwera kufika kumtunda;
- matenda aakulu a mapapu;
- hemangioma ya cerebellum;
- kusuta;
- chiberekero cha fibroid ndi zotupa zina.
Matenda osiyanasiyana okhudza zachilengedwe amatchedwa Gaysbek syndrome ndipo, pokhala ndi mayesero osamalitsa bwino, samaphatikizapo njira zoipa. Choncho, nthawi zina amatchedwa kuti ndi zabodza kapena zovuta zogwirizana ndi polycythemia, pseudocythemia. Mtundu uwu wa matenda ndi wosavuta ndipo mofulumira amachiritsidwa.
Zizindikiro za polycythemia
Matendawa amayamba pang'onopang'ono, nthawi zina - kwa zaka makumi ambiri, chifukwa chake chithunzi chachipatala nthawi zambiri chimakhala chopweteka kapena palibe zizindikiro.
Kuwonetsa chizindikiro, monga lamulo, ndizosafunikira:
- kukwiya;
- mutu;
- chisamaliro;
- chizungulire;
- kuchepa kwachithunzi;
- phokoso m'makutu;
- chithunzithunzi;
- Kufiira kwa mucous membrane;
- khungu la cyanotic likumveka m'nyengo yozizira.
Pogwiritsa ntchito thrombocytopenia, pali:
- nthenda yochuluka ndi chiwindi;
- ululu mu chifuwa chigawo (pakati);
- angina pectoris;
- chithandizo;
- zolephera zosakhalitsa za ischemic;
- mpweya wochepa;
- myocardial infarction;
- matenda osokoneza bongo;
- chithunzi;
- Matenda a Raynaud ;
- ululu;
- kukondwa;
- zilonda zazeng'onoting'ono ndi makoma aakulu.
Mayeso a magazi a polycythemia
Kafukufuku wamaphunziro a zamadzimadzi amasonyeza kukula kwa hemoglobin (mpaka 180 g / l) ndi chiwerengero cha matupi ofiira (mpaka 7.5 pa 10 mu ma unit 12 pa lita imodzi). Mankhwala a erythrocyte (pamwamba pa 36 ml / kg) amawerengedwanso.
Kuphatikiza pa zizindikiro izi, chiwerengero cha leukocyte (mpaka 30 pa 10 pa digiri ya 9) ndi mapulateletti (mpaka 800 pa khumi mu madigiri 9) akuwonjezeka.
Kuonjezera apo, mamasukidwe akayendedwe ndi kuchuluka kwa magazi akuwonjezeka, zomwe zimafotokozera zochitika za thromboses.
Kuchiza kwa polycythemia
Mfundo zazikuluzikulu za mankhwala ndi:
- kupewa magazi ndi magazi;
- kuchepa kwa mamasukidwe akayendedwe a chilengedwe.
Choncho, njira zamakono zamakono zothandizira ndi phlebotomy (bloodletting), yomwe ingasinthidwe ndi erythrocytopheresis, ndi chemotherapy (cytoreductive).
Komanso, perekani mankhwala osokoneza bongo, interferon, hydroxycarbamide, hydroxyurea.
Kuchiza kwa mankhwala a polycythaemia mankhwala
Mankhwala ochiritsira amapereka njira zingapo zothandiza kuchepetsa magazi.
Tiyi ya mankhwala:
- Dryberry kapena zipatso zatsopano zapirberi (supuni 2) kutsanulira kapu ya madzi owiritsa.
- Phimbani galasi ndi supu ndikuchoka kwa mphindi 20.
- Imwani, monga tiyi, ndi Kuwonjezera kwa uchi kapena shuga. Chiwerengero cha magawo pa tsiku sichikhala malire.
Kusungunuka kokometsera kokoma:
- Mu 200 ml madzi otentha, lekani supuni 1 ya udzu wouma udzu wouma wokoma.
- Kusokoneza, kumwa chachitatu kapena theka la galasi yoyenera mpaka katatu patsiku.
- Kuti athe kuchitidwa osachepera 1 mwezi.