Mahomoni achikazi ndiwo zinthu zisanu ndi ziwiri zofunika kwambiri za chikazi

Mahomoni aakazi - chinthu chofunikira chomwe chimatsimikizira moyo wonse wa kugonana kwabwino. Zimakhudza maonekedwe, khalidwe, thupi, maganizo ndi maganizo. Chilengedwe chimayamiranso khungu, msinkhu, kulemera kwake, mtundu ndi kuchuluka kwa tsitsi, chilakolako, kugonana, maganizo.

Mahomoni aakulu azimayi

Zinthu zimenezi zimapangidwa ndi chiwalo chilichonse cha thupi: chiwindi, mafuta, maubongo, chithokomiro, mtima. Zamoyo zaumunthu zimakonzedwa kotero kuti m'modzi mwa iwo onse mahomoni aamuna ndi aakazi amapangidwa panthawi yomweyo. Koma chiwerengero ndi chiwerengero cha iwo omwe ali oimira azimayi osiyanasiyana ndi zabwino kwambiri. Mahomoni amapangidwa chifukwa cha dongosolo la zinthu 60 zosiyana. Ndipo ngati mahomoni ammutu amawatulutsa mopitirira muyeso kapena osakwanira, izi zimabweretsa mavuto.

Kusintha kwa mlingo wa zinthu kumakhudzidwa ndi zinthu izi:

• chisokonezo;
• kutopa nthawi zonse;
• kusuta;
• kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa;
• chofooka;
• mavairasi ndi mabakiteriya;
• cholengedwa chobadwa;
• tizirombo toyambitsa matenda;
• mankhwala ena.

The hormone estrogen

Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri. Mahomoni achikazi a steroidal amapangidwa m'mimba mwake ndipo ali ndi udindo wopereka ana. Estrogens zimakhudza chitukuko cha ziwalo zoberekera - mkati ndi kunja, - kulamulira msambo . Amatha kuchepetsa mlingo wa kolesterolini m'magazi ndi kuteteza matenda a atherosclerosis. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, estrogens ndi mahomoni azimayi omwe amachititsa kusunga kashiamu, kusungira madzi ndi kusonkhezera chitetezo cha mthupi kutulutsa antibodies.

Progesterone hormone

Zomwe zimapangidwa mwazirombo ndi zazimuna. Ntchito zake zazikulu zimagwirizana ndi chiwalo chogonana. Kawirikawiri, mahomoni aakazi otchedwa progesterone amatchedwa hormone ya mimba, chifukwa imakonzekera chiberekero cha chiberekero ndikuthandizira dzira la umuna kuti likhale lothandizira, limapereka feteleza. Koma izi siziri ntchito zake zonse. Mwa zina, progesterone :

• amagwira nawo ntchito yopanga zida zosiyanasiyana;
• kumalimbikitsa kupanga sebum;
• kumawonjezera kuthamanga kwa magazi;
• amaletsa msambo (kuphatikizapo amasiya pamene ali ndi mimba).

Hormone estradiol

Chinthu chachikulu cha gulu la estrogens. Mahomoni aakazi, omwe dzina lake ndi "estradiol," amapangidwa m'mimba mwa mazira ndi mu placenta pa nthawi ya mimba. Ndizo zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chikazi chikhale chachikazi. Pansi pa ntchito ya estradiol:

• chiuno chimakhala chokongola;
• mzere wa liwu ukuwonjezeka;
• anapanga minofu yamtundu wambiri, chifukwa chifuwa chimakula ndi ntchafu;
• kusamba kumabwereranso kwabwino;
• Ovariya amapanga follicles;
• khungu limakhala losavuta, losalala, lochepa.

Hormone oxytocin

Zimapangidwa mu hypothalamus - dipatimenti ya ubongo, yomwe imalamulira njira zamagetsi m'thupi, ntchito ya endocrine ndi njira yoberekera. Kuchokera mmenemo, mankhwala opangidwa amapangidwa ku chikoka cha pituitary, ndipo kuchokera kumeneko kupita ku ziwiya kupita kumbali zonse za thupi. Oxytocin ndi hormone yachikondi. Zimayambitsa chikondi, chikondi, chikondi ndi mtendere, zimakhudza khalidwe la munthu.

Pamene, pa nthawi ya chibwenzi, mkazi amadziwa mwadzidzidzi kuti akufuna kupanga banja limodzi ndi mnzake - ichi ndi oxytocin. Asayansi a Chingerezi asonyeza kuti hormone yachikondi imathandizanso panthawi yomwe mwanayo ali ndi pakati - imagwiritsa ntchito spermatozoa ku dzira. Amaperekedwanso kwa amayi achilendo, ngati zowonongeka zimakhala zofooka. Ndipo oxytocin imasiya kukula panthawi ya kubala chifukwa cha mantha kapena kumverera, ndikofunikira kukhalabe malo amtendere ndi amtendere ku holo ya makolo.

Testosterone ya homoni

Amatengedwa kuti ndi amphongo, chifukwa kuchulukitsitsa kungasinthe njira zonse zikuchitika mthupi la mkazi. Testosterone imakhudza chiwerengerocho, mkhalidwe wa tsitsi, khungu. Momwemonso, ngati mahomoni aamuna mu thupi lachikazi ali oyenera. Pachifukwa ichi, minofu idzakhala yotsekemera ndi tonus, ndipo mafupa - amphamvu. Tengani mahomoni achikazi ndi ntchito zina. Iwo ndi:

• onetsani zovomerezeka za kugonana;
• kusintha maganizo;
• kuchepetsa kukula kwa maganizo ;
• chifukwa cha mtendere ndi kukhutira;
• kusintha kukumbukira, kusamala kwambiri.

Hormone thyroxine

Homoni yaikulu, yotulutsa chithokomiro, imakhudza kwambiri ziwalo zonse ndi machitidwe. Zomwe zimachitika m'thupi lino sizing'ono. Koma motsogoleredwa ndi michere thyroxine - hormone yachithokomiro - imasandulika kukhala T3 yogwira ntchito (triiodothyronine). Pambuyo pake, mankhwalawo amalowerera m'magazi ndi kufalikira kupyolera mu maselo a thupi, kumene ntchito yake yaikulu ndikuteteza kukula ndi kukula kwa maselo ndi kuchepetsa mphamvu ya thupi.

Hormone norepinephrine

Amatchedwanso hormone ya kulimba mtima ndi kukwiya. Amayambitsa matenda a adrenal nthawi yomwe munthu akugwera m'masautso. Mahomoni a thupi lachikazi - makamaka norepinephrine - perekani kudzidalira. Ndi chithandizo cha chinthu ichi, si zabwino zokha kukhala ndi nkhawa. Zimathandiza mosavuta ndikufulumira kuthetsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana za tsiku ndi tsiku, kupeza njira zochotsera zovuta.

Nthawi zina mahomoni achikazi norepinephrine amatchedwanso magwero a chimwemwe ndi mpumulo. Chifukwa chake ndi chakuti amatha kuletsa adrenaline . Zotsatira zake, mantha omwe amachititsidwa ndi omaliza amapereka mpumulo. Njira zofanana zowonongeka ndizokhazikika: kuyamwa kubwezeretsedwa, kuponderezedwa kumachepetsedwa, kuthamanga kwa mtima kumathamangitsidwa.

Kufufuza kwa mahomoni aakazi

Mahomoni ambiri amatumizidwa ku phunziro la mahomoni. Maonekedwe a mahomoni aakazi akhoza kusonyeza zovuta zosiyanasiyana pa ntchito ya thupi. Chinthu chachikulu ndicho kupeza zotsatira zolondola. Kuti tichite izi, tikuyenera kutsatira malamulo ofunika kuti tiwerenge ndikukonzekera:

1. Ndikofunika kuti muyambe kutsogolo m'mawa opanda chopanda kanthu.
2. Anasonkhanitsidwa kuti apereke magazi ku mahomoni aakazi, tsiku lomwe lisanafike phunziroli lichotsa mowa, kusuta, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kugonana.
3. Kusanthula kuyenera kukhala kathanzi.
4. Ngati mayi atenga mankhwala alionse, sabata lisanayambe kumwa magazi, chithandizo kapena njira yothandizira iyenera kuyimitsidwa. Ngati n'zosatheka kuchita izi, nkofunika kuchenjeza katswiri wokhudza mankhwala omwe atengedwa.

Ndikofunika kuganizira kuti ma hormoni omwe amagwira ntchito osiyanasiyana amaperekedwa masiku osiyanasiyana pa nthawi ya kusamba:

1. Prolactin , LH ndi FSH: masiku 3-5.
2. Testosterone: kwa masiku 8-10.
3. Estradiol ndi progesterone: pa masiku 21-22 (kapena masiku asanu ndi awiri pambuyo pake akudziwika bwino ovulation).

Ndi liti kuti mutenge mayeso a mahomoni aakazi?

Maphunziro a mahomoni aakazi ayenera kuchitika panthawi ya kukonza mimba komanso ngati akukayikira kuti palibe vutoli. Zifukwa zowunika magazi kwa mahomoni aakazi zingaganizidwe:

• kupatuka kwapadera;
• kusowa;
• Kuphwanya kwa msambo;
• matenda a mammary glands;
• chitowe;
• kusokonezeka mu ntchito ya impso;
• kuchuluka kwa tsitsi pa thupi;
• zolemera kapena zochepa zolemetsa.

Mahomoni amphongo - amodzi

Zotsatira za kuyesedwa kwa magazi ziyenera kumasuliridwa ndi katswiri. Payekha, wodwalayo amatha kumvetsa mtundu wa mahomoni omwe ali nawo, ndipo omwe sali:

1. Ndalama zovomerezeka za FSH zimasiyanasiyana panthawiyi. Pazigawo zoyambirira ziyenera kukhala kuyambira 3 mpaka 11 mU / ml, kenako - kuyambira 10 mpaka 45 mU / ml, kumapeto - kuyambira 1.5 mpaka 7 mU / ml.
2. LH kumayambiriro kwa kayendetsedwe kake ali ndi ndalama zokwana 2 mpaka 14 mU / ml. Pafupi ndi pakati pawo paliponse - kuyambira 24 mpaka 150 mU / ml, ndipo pamapeto pake pang'ono - kuyambira 2 mpaka 17 mU / ml.
3. Estradiol mu follicular gawo akhoza kukhala 110 - 330 pmol / l, pambuyo pake mlingo wa hormoni ukukwera kufika 477 - 1174 pmol / l ndipo umagwera pa 257 - 734 pmol / l.
4. Progesterone mu thupi lachikazi iyenera kukhala kuchokera 0.32 mpaka 56.63 nmol / l. Pakati pa mimba, zizindikirozo zimakwera ku 771.5 nmol / l, ndipo atangoyamba kumene kusamba sayenera kukhala pamwamba pa 0.64 nmol / l.
5. Kawirikawiri ya prolactin pamwezi uliwonse: 130 - 540 microU / ml, komanso panthawi ya kusamba - kuyambira 107 mpaka 290 microU / ml.

Kupanda mahomoni aakazi

Kusintha kwa mahomoni kumachitika pa zifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Mlingo wa zinthu umakhudzidwa ndi chibadwidwe, kusintha kwadzidzidzi pa zakudya, kudya kwa nthawi yaitali, mankhwala, zizolowezi zoipa ndi zina zambiri. Ganizirani za momwe mungakulitsire mahomoni a amayi, mukufunikira pakuwona zizindikiro monga:

• kutopa mwamsanga;
• kupezeka kapena kutsika kwadzidzidzi kwa libido;
• zovuta zokhudzana ndi msambo;
• mavuto okhudzana ndi kulera mwana;
• kusokonekera;
• kusowa;
• kulibe ovulation;
• mawonekedwe a zobisika kuchokera kumagulu a mammary;
• kukula kwa tsitsi kumbuyo kumbuyo, nkhope;
• mavuto a khungu;
• neurosis;
• kukwiya;
• kupweteka kwakukulu kwa ziwalo zoberekera;
• maonekedwe odzidzimutsa pakhungu;
• kuuma kwa mucous membrane;
• kusowa tulo;
• thukuta lalikulu.

Mutha kupatsa mahomoni otsika m'njira zingapo:

1. Mukhoza kubwezeretsa mahomoni pogwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi. Koma ayenera kusankhidwa ndi katswiri, kuganizira zonse za thupi.
2. Pamene kusamvetseka kwa ma hormoni kumagwirizana ndi zakudya zabwino. Zakudya zabwino zitha kukhala ndi zotsatira zofanana ndi mankhwala. Ziyenera kuphatikizapo ndiwo zamasamba, zipatso, nsomba ndi nyama. Mahomoni achikazi mu zakudya ali ochepa, koma izi ndi zokwanira kubweretsa chiwonongeko cha mthupi.
3. Ndibwino kuti muteteze ku zovuta zomwe mukukumana nazo. Ngati ndi kotheka - mothandizidwa ndi odwala matenda opatsirana pogonana.
4. Amalimbikitsa kubwezeretsedwa kwa mahomoni a chizoloŵezichi. Zochita zomwe mumazikonda zimabweretsa maganizo abwino. Ndipo izi zimapindulitsa pa chikhalidwe cha mahomoni.
5. Ndikofunika kwambiri kusiya makhalidwe oipa. Kuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito khofi. Kugwiritsa ntchito mowa wa khofi nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa kusowa kwa mahomoni aakazi.

Kuchuluka kwa mahomoni aakazi

Kuchuluka kwa zinthu kumakhudzanso thanzi labwino. Izi zingachititse kuswa kwa ovulation, msambo, kuchuluka kwa endometrium (yomwe ili ndi hyperplasia). Pali mahomoni ambiri omwe ali ndi zizindikiro monga:

• kuchepetsa mpweya;
• kulemera kwa miyendo;
• mawonetseredwe a mitsempha yopanda thanzi;
• migraines;
• kupuma;
• phindu lodzidzimutsa;
• kumverera kwachisoni mu chifuwa;
• kuwonjezereka kwa ziwombankhanga;
• kuwonjezeka kwa magazi;
• magazi osaleka;
• kusowa tsitsi;
• chitowe;
• kusowa chilakolako cha kugonana;
• mapeto ozizira.

Kusankhidwa kwa chithandizo kumadalira chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mahomoni. Odwala ena amafuna mahomoni azimayi m'mapiritsi, pamene ena sangathe kulimbana ndi vuto popanda opaleshoni. Kuti muzindikire nthawi yomwe mukuphwanya ndikugwiritsanso ntchito mwamsanga, muyenera kupita nthawi zonse kukayezetsa mankhwala kwa amayi ndi kutenga mayeso oyenerera.