Nyimbo zaka mazana apitayi sizifalitsidwa ndi mailesi amakono, koma amakhala m'mabuku akale ndi museums. Iwo salinso osewera, koma anthu ena amakumbukirabe zida zoimbira zoiwalika ndi zitukuko.
Tonsefe timadziwa momwe piano, piyano, lipenga, gitala ya violin ndi dramu zimawoneka ndi zomveka. Ndipo "agogo awo" ndi "agogo awo" amawoneka bwanji? Sitingathe kuimba phokoso la oimba nyimbo zakale, koma tidzakuuzani za zida zakale.
1. Otsatira
Ngakhale ku Greece wakale, zida zoimbira zinalengedwa zomwe potsiriza zinapeza mawonekedwe achikale ndipo zinakhala maziko a kulengedwa kwa mitundu yatsopano yamakono. Lira - chida choimbira choimbira kwambiri pa nthawi ya chitukuko cha dziko lakale lachi Greek. Kutchulidwa koyamba kwa lyre kunayambira 1400g. BC. e. Chida ichi chakhala chikudziwika ndi Apollo, monga nyimbo yoyamba yomwe anaperekedwa kwa Hermes. Ndipo iye anawomba, akutsatira ndakatulo zabwino. Masiku ano samasewera phokoso, koma mawu akuti "lyric" asokoneza chida ichi.
2. Cifara
Kuwongolera moyenera chimodzi mwa zida zoyamba zoimbira ndipo ndi mbadwa yapadera ya lyre. Oimba okhala ndi cithara anali m'manja mwa ndalama zakale, frescoes, clay amphoras ndi zojambula. Chida ichi chinali chotchuka kwambiri ku Persia, India ndi Rome. Mwatsoka, sikutheka kubweretsa molondola mawu a cithara, koma chifukwa cha ndondomeko yalembayi idakonzedwanso.
3. Citra
Chida choimbira choimbiracho chinagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku Austria ndi Germany m'zaka za m'ma 1800. Ku Russia, zinawoneka mu theka lachiwiri la XIX atumwi. Zida zofananamo zinkachitikira pakati pa anthu a ku China ndi ku Middle East.
4. Harpsichord
Chida choimbira chitolidi chophwanyika, chimene chinatchuka kwambiri mu Middle Ages. Chidziwitso choyamba chokhudza harpsichord chinayambira mu 1511. Ntchito yapadera ya ntchito ya ku Italy ya 1521 yapitirirabe mpaka lero. Kunja, a harpsichords adachoka mwachisomo kwambiri. Thupi lawo linali lokongoletsedwa ndi zojambula, zojambula ndi zojambula. Komabe, kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 18, harpsichord idasinthidwa ndi piyano, iyo inaletsedwa ndi kuiwala kwathunthu m'zaka za zana la 19.
5. Clavecord
Chida choimbira kwambiri choimbira nyimbo. Kunja kunali kofanana kwambiri ndi harpsichord, koma anali ndi mphamvu yowonjezereka. Clavicord, yomwe inakhazikitsidwa mu 1543, lero ili m'nyumba yosungiramo zoimbira mumzinda wa Leipzig ku Germany. Olemba mabuku ambiri Johann Sebastian Bach, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart ndi Ludwig van Beethoven anapanga ntchito zambiri zomwe zinalembedweratu kwa oweruza.
6. Harmonium
Chida choimbira chingwe choyimira mphepo chinali chotchuka kwambiri kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1900. Mu moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku iye amatchedwa "organ". Mlengi wa harmonium ndi Mfalansa dzina lake Deben, yemwe analandira chilolezo chopanga chida mu 1840. Masiku ano harmonium imatha kuwonetsedwa m'mamyuziyamu okha.
7. Bilo
Chida chakale chotchedwa Slavic. Iyo inapangidwa ndi chitsulo, yomwe inamenyedwa ndi nyongolotsi. Bilo nayenso ankatumikira ngati belu la tchalitchi komanso chida chachinsinsi kwa Okhulupirira akale.
8. Buzzer
Chida chachikulu cha zida za ku Russia za ku Middle Ages zoyambirira. Kunja kunali kofanana kwambiri ndi violin ndipo ankaonedwa kuti ndi Slavic. Lipenga ndi chida choweramitsa matabwa chokhala ndi mawonekedwe a peyala ndi zingwe zitatu.
9. lira la magudumu
Chida choimbira chimenechi chinkaonekera ku Central Europe m'zaka za m'ma 1000 ndi 1100. Poyamba, pakusewera pa lira yoyenda, anthu awiri ankafunika, popeza makiyi anali pamwamba. Wina anapotoza cholembera, ndipo chachiwiri chinkaimba nyimbo. Kenaka makiyi adayikidwa pansipa. Ku Russia, yoyimba yoyenda mawilo inayamba m'zaka za m'ma XVII. Anthu akusewera chida ichi amachita mavesi auzimu ndi mafanizo a m'Baibulo.
10. Kobza
Chitchainizi (Chosavuta Kumva) Zimakhulupirira kuti kobza anabweretsedwa ku Ukraine ndi mafuko a Turkki, koma adalandira mawonekedwe ake omaliza m'mayiko amenewa. Chithunzi cha mchenga wa kobza, yemwe adatsagana ndi nyimbo zake povina pa kobza, adafa mu ntchito yake T. Shevchenko. Kobza anali chida chokonda kwambiri ku Ukraine Cossacks ndi midzi, koma pambuyo pa 1850 analowetsedwa ndi bandura.
11. Mankhwala ophulika
Phokoso la mvula ndi chida chodabwitsa choimbira chimene ankagwiritsa ntchito ndi amwenye a ku South ndi North America kuti athetse mvula. Anamveka bwino mkokomo wa madzi kapena kugwa kwa mvula. Poyambirira ankakhala ngati chida chamatsenga mu miyambo yakale ya Aaborijini ammidzi. Lero, wolemba nkhani amachita ngati ward ya nyumba ndi nsanje ndi ukali.
12. Calimba
Chida chakale choimbira cha mafuko aku Africa. Masiku ano, m'madera ena a ku Central ndi kum'mwera kwa Africa, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa miyambo yachikhalidwe. Kalimbu imatchedwa "African pianoforte".
13. Njoka
Chida ichi chinadziwika m'zaka za zana la XVI. ngakhale pansi pa dzina limodzi - zinc, "agogo-agogo" a zida za mphepo. Linapangidwa ndi Mfalansa Edm Guillaume. Njoka ndi chubu yokhotakhota yomwe imawoneka ngati njoka. Anapanga chida kuchokera ku mtengo kapena fupa, chophimba pansi ndi chikopa. Nthawi zina nsonga ya serpenti inapangidwa ngati mutu wamutu.
14. Nyimbo za oimba
Mu 1752, St. Petersburg anapanga chojambula m'malo mwa gulu lonse la oimba, lomwe linali ndi nyanga zofufuzira 40-80, zomwe zinalembedwa mosamala ndi kuyang'anitsitsa phokoso lake lapadera. Zikuonekeratu kuti miyesoyi ikufunika kwambiri: nyanga yayikuru idawombera pansi, ndipo nyanga yaing'onoting'ono inamveka pamwamba pake.
15. Ionica
Mpaka posachedwapa, chida choimbira ichi chinali mbali yofunika kwambiri yothandizira. Ionika ndi chizindikiro cha zipangizo zamagetsi zomwe zimatulutsidwa ku GDR mu 1959. Ku Soviet Union, mawu oti "ionics" amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyerekezera ndi zida zonse zazing'ono zamakina. M'kupita kwa nthawi, iwo adalowetsedwa ndi transistors, omwe anali odalirika kwambiri.