Akazi oopsa kwambiri m'mbiri ya anthu

Choyipa ndi gawo lalikulu la moyo wa munthu. Kuyambira kale, anthu adaphunzira kulimbana nawo, kudzipulumutsa okha ku mavuto osiyanasiyana.

Ndipo ngati inu mukuganiza kuti choipa ndi chinachake chachilendo ndi zanthanthi, ndiye simunayambe mwakumana nazo. Choipitsitsa ndi pamene zoipa zimakhala m'mitima ya anthu, kuwapangitsa kukhala opha anthu osalungama, opondereza, olamulira ankhanza komanso osokoneza bongo. Ndipo tsopano talingalirani kuti anthu onse otchulidwa pamwambawa ndi akazi! Zopsetsa! Tidzakuuzani za zokongola 25 zomwe nkhanza ndichisoni chawo "adazilemekeza" padziko lonse lapansi.

1. Gertrude Baniszewski

Gertrude Baniszewski, wotchedwanso Gertrude Rhine, ndi mmodzi mwa anthu ochita zachiwawa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Mu 1965 iye, mothandizidwa ndi ana a mnzako, adanyodola Sylvia Likens kwa nthawi yayitali, mtsikana adasamalidwa. Komanso, Gertrude anazunza mwana wosaukayo kuti afe. Sanangomenyana ndi Sylvia: Gertrude adamuviika m'madzi otentha, ankawotcha malemba pamtundu wake, anatentha zotentha ndi mchere. Pamene mu 1966 anapezeka ndi mlandu wa kupha munthu mwakonzedweratu, mlandu wake unkatchedwa kuti kulakwa kwakukulu kwa munthu m'mbiri ya Indiana. Gertrude poyamba anaweruzidwa kuti aphedwe, koma pambuyo pake anasinthidwa ndi kuikidwa m'ndende. Mwana wamkulu wa Gertrude nayenso anaweruzidwa kukhala m'ndende, ndi ana atatu - kuyambira m'ndende zaka 2-21

.

Elizabeth Bathory

Owerengeka Anthu, kapena Owerenga Magazi, amadziwika padziko lonse lapansi ngati mmodzi mwa opha anthu oopsa kwambiri. Malinga ndi nthano, Elizabeti ananyamulidwa ndi "kukhudzidwa kwa unyamata" kuti anali wokonzeka kuchita chirichonse chifukwa cha kukongola. Nchifukwa chiyani amachitcha kuti ndi mkazi wazimayi wambiri? Chifukwa amakhulupirira kuti kutenga madzi osambira kumamupatsa unyamata komanso kukongola kwa zaka zambiri. Chifukwa cha ichi chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1700 - zaka zoyambirira za 1700, iye anazunza ndi kupha atsikana opitirira 650 ku Kakhtice ku Slovakia. Chifukwa cha banja lake lamphamvu, chiwerengerocho sichinayesedwe, koma chinasungidwa m'chipinda china cha nyumba ya Hungary ya Cheyte, komwe anamwalira patatha zaka zinayi atamangidwa.

3. Ilze Koch

Wodziwika kuti mfiti Buchenwald kapena Frau Abazhur, Ilze Koch amadziwika kuti ndi mmodzi mwa anthu oipa kwambiri omwe anaphedwa ndi Nazi. Mkazi wa mkulu wa kampu yozunzirako anthu ya Nazi, Buchenwald, Karl Otto Koch, Ilze Koch anali wachimphomaniac yemwe ankazunza akaidi kundende ya ndende. Ankadziwika kuti anali ndi zilakolako zoipa. Ilze anamenya omangidwa, kugwiriridwa, kukakamizidwa kugonana ndikuchotsa khungu la iwo omwe anali ndi zizindikiro. Khungu lotupa, ankakonda kuphimba mabuku awo ndi zithupi zopangidwa ndi manja. Pambuyo pa Dziko Lachiwiri Frau Koch adatsutsidwa chifukwa cha nkhanza zake zonse, komabe sanasankhe chilango cha imfa, koma adangotsekera kundende. Anakhala m'chipinda kwa zaka pafupifupi 20, kenako adadzipachika yekha.

4. Mayi Barker

M'mbiri ya America, Mamasha Barker amadziwika kuti ndi gangster kwambiri. Iye anali mkazi wamba, yemwe ankatsogoleredwa ndi zigawenga, zomwe, mwazing'ono, ana ake analeredwa. M'nkhani yonse ya kukhalapo kwa magulu a ku America, magulu a Ma Barker anali opambana kwambiri komanso osavuta. Iwo anatha kulemera popha aliyense amene anawapeza panjira. Mu 1935, anaphedwa pamalo ake othawirako ku Florida panthawi ya mfuti ndi FBI. Panthawiyo, mkulu woyang'anira FBI, J. Edgar Hoover, adatcha Barker "ubongo woopsa kwambiri, wowopsa komanso wowopsa kwambiri wazaka khumi zapitazi".

5. Myra Hindley

Mayra Hindley adalandira dzina la "mkazi woipa kwambiri ku Britain." Pamodzi ndi wokondedwa wake psychotic sadist Ian Brady, anazunza, kugwiririra ndi kupha ana asanu omwe ali ndi zaka 10-17. Kwa nthawi yayitali m'ma 60. Ophedwa awiriwa adaopa kwambiri Manchester ndi England. Atagwidwa, anaimbidwa mlandu wawo. Mayra adapatsidwa mawu awiri moyo wonse. Mu 2002, anamwalira m'seri chifukwa cha kulephera kupuma ali ndi zaka 60.

6. Griselda Blanco

Griselda Blanco, wotchulidwa kuti La Madrid kapena Black Widow, anali mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndipo anali mmodzi mwa akuluakulu akuluakulu a ziphuphu ku Florida kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1970. Blanco amadziŵikanso kuti anali phunzitsi wa Pablo Escobar, yemwe anali wolemekezeka kwambiri, amene pambuyo pake anakhala mdani wake. Griselda anakwatiwa katatu, koma amuna ake onse adamwalira mwadzidzidzi. Pa chifukwa chimenechi, adatchulidwa kuti "Mkazi Wamasiye". Zimadziwika kuti anapha mwamuna wake wachiwiri ali ndi mphuno m'kamwa mwake. Pakafukufuku adapezeka kuti Griselda adagwidwa ndi anthu oposa 200 kupha anthu panthawi yochokera ku Colombia kupita ku United States. Blanco anagwidwa ndipo anaweruzidwa kuti akhale m'ndende zaka 15. Pambuyo pake, mawuwo anawonjezeredwa ndi zaka 60, koma mothandizidwa ndi mabungwe a luso, Blanco anamasulidwa mu 2004. Anatengedwa kupita ku Colombia, kumene anaponyedwa mu 2012 ndi wopita pamsewu wamoto.

7. Maria Tudor

Pezani Maria Tudor, mwana wamkulu wa Mfumu Henry VIII, yemwe amadziwika ndi onse ngati Mwazi wamagazi Mary. M'mbiri ya England, iye amakumbukiridwa monga mkazi wamagazi, wokwiya komanso wankhanza. Pa nthawi yake yolamulira - kuyambira 1553-1558 gg. - Anapha oimira 297 a malo olemekezeka. Ndiponso, mwa lamulo lake, padali anthu ambiri omwe ankaphedwa ndi Aprotestanti, ndi omwe adagwira nawo ntchito zowutsa anthu. Maria, mng'ono wake, Jane Gray, nayenso anapha. Mary wamagazi anamwalira ndi matenda ndipo anaikidwa m'manda ku Westminster Abbey.

8. Dagmar Oberby

Dagmar Overby ankagwira ntchito monga ofesi kumsumba wamasiye ndipo kuyambira 1913 mpaka 1920 anapha ana 25, kuphatikizapo mmodzi wa ana ake. Popeza kuti makolo a ana ambiri sanabwerere ana awo, palibe amene adalembapo za ana omwe akubwera. Ana omwe anaphedwa ndi Dagmar adakanizidwa, kumizidwa kapena kuwotchedwa mu ng'anjo yamwala. Mwatsoka, Overby anapezeka ndi mlandu wa kupha 9 zokha, kumuweruza kuti afe. Pambuyo pake, chilango cha imfa chinalowetsedwa ndi kumangidwa kwa moyo. Mu 1929 Dagmar anamwalira ali ndi zaka 42. Ndizodabwitsa kuti nkhaniyi idaphatikizidwa m'mbiri ya mayesero a Danish monga otchuka kwambiri m'mbiri ya Denmark.

9. Christiana Edmunds

Mkhristu Edmunds anali wakupha komanso mkazi wodwala malingaliro ochita zachizoloŵezi zachilendo - adawopseza anthu ndi maswiti a chokoleti. Ndizodabwitsa kuti zonse zinayamba ndi chifundo kwa mnzako, yemwe mwatsoka adakwatirana. Atafika, Christiana anam'patsira msuzi wake poizoni, ndipo pakapita kanthawi mayiyu anamva bwino. Wokondedwayo amatsutsidwa chifukwa cha matenda a Mkazi wake wachikristu, yemwe, pofuna kuthetsa kukayikira, anayamba kugula maswiti mumzindawu ndi kuwapha. Anthu anagula iwo ndipo anadwala. Mu 1871, mwana wamwamuna wazaka 4 anafa ndi chotupa cha chokoleti, koma kufufuza sikunawulule munthu aliyense wolakwa pa mlanduwu. Ndipo ngati sikunali kulakwitsa kwachikhristu, theka la mzindawo, kapena ngakhale lalikulu la iwo, akanafa ndi poizoni ya chokoleti. Mkaziyo anamangidwa ndipo anapezeka ndi mlandu, anaweruzidwa kuti afe. Koma adatumizidwa ku madhouse komwe adakhala masiku ake onse ndipo anamwalira ali ndi zaka 78.

Ranavaluna I

Ranavaluna amadziwika kuti Mad Moncar wa Madagascar, ndipo amadziwika kuti ndi mmodzi wa akazi achiwawa kwambiri pa ndale. Ranavaluna analamulira chilumba cha Madagascar kwa zaka 33. Zaka zonse za boma zinali zodzaza ndi mantha, mantha ndi kupha. Kuchokera m'dzikolo, amishonale a ku Ulaya adathamangitsidwa, Akhristu anazunzidwa. Anthu zikwizikwi anafa chifukwa cha malamulo ake oipa ndi malamulo. Komanso, malinga ndi nthano, Ranavaluna anapha anyamata ake onse, ngati adawonekera kwa iye m'maloto.

11. Irma Greze

Msungwana wabwino wokongola, kumbuyo komwe kunali kubisika koopsa kwa mkazi wankhanza. Irma - wotchuka kwambiri, wam'ng'ono kwambiri komanso wankhanza kwambiri m'ndende zonse za chipani cha Nazi chomwe chili m'misasa yachibalo. Chifukwa cha maonekedwe a angelo, akaidiwo amatchedwa "Angelo wa Imfa", "Chiwombankhanga Chokongola", "Blonde Devil", "Hyena Auschwitz". Kwa zaka 22 m'ndende zozunzirako anthu, iye anazunza anthu ambiri kuti abambo aamuna adadabwa ndi nkhanza ndi chiwerewere. Mu 1943, motsogoleredwa ndi Irma, panali akazi pafupifupi 30,000 akaidi. Sadist ankavala nsapato zazikulu, mkwapulo, zomwe zinamupangira "ward" zake. Ndipo ankakondanso kusewera ku Russia: kuphimba akazi, kupeza mfuti ndi kuwombera aliyense payekha, kuyang'ana akazi osauka akufooka. Anakhalanso ndi njala ndi agalu, omwe adatulutsidwa ku gulu la akazi. Iye mwiniwake adagwira ntchito pakupanga magulu a zipinda zamagetsi. Malinga ndi opulumukawo, Irma adakhutitsidwa ndi kugonana kwenikweni ndi kuzunzika kwake. Atafika ku ukapolo ku Britain, Irmu anayesedwa ndikuweruzidwa kuti afe. Mu 1945, anapachikidwa ali ndi zaka 22.

12. Amelia Dyer

Atabadwa mu 1837 ku United Kingdom, Amelia Dyer amadziwika kuti ndi wowonongeka wa Victorian Britain. Dyer, komanso Overby, ankasamalira ana omwe anasiya amayi awo. Kwa zaka 30 za ntchito, iye anapha ana pafupifupi 300 (ngakhale malinga ndi zifukwa zina chiwerengero cha anthu akufa chinali 400). Monga chida cha kupha, iye anagwiritsa ntchito tepi yomwe inamveka ana. Panthawi imeneyo, vuto la infanticide linali lovuta ku Britain, koma palibe amene amalipira chifukwa cha nkhaniyi. "Bizinesi" Amelia adakula ngakhale atapatsidwa chigamulo chokakamizidwa. Ndipo pokhapokha mtsinje wa Thames utadula thupi la mwana wamng'ono, kenako anafufuza nyumba yake, kuti aweruzidwe kuti afe.

13. Bella Guinness

"Mkazi Wamasiye," monga momwe anthu anawatcha Bella Guinness, kwa nthawi yaitali akhala akuopa mantha onse a America. Mphali wambiri - mkazi wokhala ndi nyumba yaikulu (kutalika 1.83 m, kulemera kwa makilogalamu 200) moyo wake wonse anapha anthu oposa 40, kuphatikizapo amuna ake, a sukulu, ana aakazi. Tsiku lina, munthu wina amene amamukonda kwambiri ankadandaula ndi Bella moti anaganiza zopsereza nyumba yake limodzi naye. Ndipo izo zinachitika. M'chipinda chapansi cha nyumbayi anapezeka mafupa a anthu opsereza ndi mtembo wotayika - wotchedwa mtembo wa Bella mwiniwake. Koma monga momwe anafunsirira, iwo anali mtembo wa woyang'anira nyumba. Wopulumukayo adamuuza apolisi choonadi chonse chokhudza Bella ndi kupha kwake. Anapatsidwa zaka 20 kuti apange pakhomo, ndipo adafa mwalamulo. Ngakhale sizidziwika bwino zomwe zinachitika kwa iwo.

Clara Mauerova

Tayang'anani pa chithunzi ndikuuzeni, kodi mungaganize kuti mayi uyu ali membala wa mwambo wonyenga umene mwakhala miyezi isanu ndi itatu kudya ana ake, kuwazunza ndi kuwazunza? Komanso, izi zinakhudza banja lake lonse. Anawo ankasungidwa mu malo osungiramo katundu, osokonezeka, omenyedwa, kugwiriridwa, kutulutsa ndudu za ndudu ndikudula zidutswa za nyama kuchokera kwa iwo, zomwe amadya kenako. Zomwezi zikuchitika m'nyumba yotsatira, anthu okhala mu tauni yaing'ono ya Czech nthawi yaitali sanaganizire, pamene wina wa iwo sanagule mwana kuyang'anira mwana wake. Ndiye namwinoyo adangogwira mwangozi chithunzichi kuchokera ku makamera omwe anaikidwa pansi pa nyumba ya Mauerova. Ndipo tsopano chinthu choopsa kwambiri ndi chakuti gulu lonse la anthu osamvera amapezedwa ndi mlandu ndikuweruzidwa kwa kanthawi kochepa - kuyambira zaka 5 mpaka 9 kundende mu 2007.

Carla Homolka

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 90, Carla Homolka ndi mwamuna wake Paul Bernardo adagwidwa ndi kugwiririra atsikana atatu. Woyamba woyamba wa banja lachiwiriyo anali mlongo wamng'ono wa Tamla wazaka 15, dzina lake Carla. Chonyansa kwambiri cha izi ndikuti Paulo, yemwe adapenga ndikumvera chisoni mtsikanayo, adamfunsa za zachinyengo za mng'ono wake. Iwo anamuika spaghetti ndi valium pansi, ndipo kenako Paulo anagwirira mtsikanayo. Patapita kanthawi, adayambitsanso mtsikanayo ndipo, pamodzi ndi Carla, adamugwirira iye pansi. Koma mtsikanayo chifukwa cha poyizoni adadzudzula masanzi ndipo adafa. Pasanapite nthawi, olakwawo adagwidwa ndikuweruzidwa, koma Karla adalonjeza kuti adzatsutsa mwamuna wake, ndipo adamasulidwa. Tsopano akukhala pachilumba cha Guadeloupe pansi pa dzina losiyana ndi mwamuna watsopano ndi ana atatu.

Mireille Moreno Carreon

Mireya amadziwika ngati mkazi wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa ogulitsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Iye anali mmodzi wa oyamba kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo Los Zetas. Anali woyang'anira malo ogulitsira malonda ku Mexico. Ndizodabwitsa kuti adayamba ngati apolisi, koma kenako anasamukira ku "mdima" ndipo posakhalitsa anakhala bwana wamkulu wa mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Chaka chotsatira iye anamangidwa akuyendetsa galimoto yobedwa.

17. Tilly Clymek

Tilly Clymek anali wakupha wakupha ku America m'zaka zoyambirira za m'ma 1900. Kwa nthawi yaitali ankadziyerekezera kuti ndi wamatsenga komanso wamasomphenya, akulosera za imfa ya anthu omwe ali olondola modabwitsa. Anai a mwamuna wake anamwalira mwanjira yachilendo, ndipo, ndithudi, Tili analemba zonse chifukwa cha mwayi wake. Njira ya chilango inali yosavuta - imapha poizoni anthu omwe ali ndi arsenic. Malingana ndi malipoti ena, iye anatha kupha anthu 20. Mkazi wake wachisanu anapulumuka mozizwitsa, choncho Tilly anamangidwa. Mu 1923, Tilly anaweruzidwa kukhala kundende, komwe anamwalira ali ndi zaka 60.

18. Charlene Gallego

Charlene ndi Gerald Gallego, pakati pa 1978 ndi 1980, anazunzidwa, kugwiriridwa ndi kupha atsikana 9, mmodzi mwa iwo anali ndi pakati. Ozunzidwa onse, kupatulapo mmodzi, anali achinyamata kapena asungwana aang'ono. Ndipo, mwinamwake, banjali likanakhoza kubisala, ngati iwo sanagwirizane ndi banja lina lachinyamata. Mnyamatayo adaphedwa ndipo mtsikanayo adagwidwa ndi kugwidwa. Anthu omwe amadziwana nawo amatha kuona kulandidwa kwawo, adalemba chiwerengero cha galimoto ndikuwapereka kwa apolisi. Mu 1984, Shakira anachitira umboni za mwamuna wake ndipo anapatsidwa zaka 16 m'ndende. Gerald anaweruzidwa kuti aphedwe, koma adamwalira m'ndende kuchokera ku khansa ya rectum. Shakira anatulutsidwa mu 1997.

19. Catherine de 'Medici

Mmodzi mwa anthu amphamvu kwambiri, komanso olamulira achiwawa komanso achiwawa a akazi a ku Ulaya zakale, Catherine de Medici anali wolemekezeka wa ku Italy komanso mfumukazi ya ku France kuchokera mu 1547 mpaka 1559. M'mbuyomu, dzina lake limagwirizana mwachindunji ndi usiku wa Bartholomew. Kupha anthu a Huguenots kunakhazikitsidwa mwatsatanetsatane ndi dongosolo la Catherine de Medici, kuti athe kusunga mphamvu zawo m'ndandanda wa ndale. Malingaliro ena, usiku umenewo anthu oposa 30,000 anafa.

20. Delphine Lalori

Delphine Lalori ankadziwika kuti Madame Blank, yemwe poyamba anali wachuma ku New Orleans. Ngakhale kuti adadziŵika chifukwa cha zilakolako zake zosautsa. Mayi Lalori adalankhula ndikunyoza akapolo akuda, choncho zovala zake zidadzaza ndi zowawa komanso zowawa. Nthawi ina, mnyumba yake panali moto, wokonzedwa ndi two negroes, womangidwa ku chitofu. Ozimitsa moto omwe anafika panthawiyo anapeza chipinda chonse chozunzidwa m'chipinda chapamwamba: m'maselo munali matupi opotoka ndi opunduka, omwe ankayesa. Anthu a ku New Orleans ankafuna kupha Dolphin, koma adathawira ku France komwe, malinga ndi zomwe asanatsimikizidwe, iye adafera akumasaka boar.

21. Daria Saltykova

Daria Saltykova - Mfumukazi ya ku Russia XVIII ndi wakupha, yemwe amadziwika ndi dzina lakuti Saltychikha. Kupyolera mu kuzunza iye anazunza ndi kupha antchito oposa 140. Iye anapha anyamatawo ndi zikwapu, anawaika pansi pansi, ndipo mwamtheradi chirichonse chinasokonekera: ana, achinyamata, atsikana omwe ali ndi pakati, amuna achikulire, amuna. Chifukwa cha nkhanza zopanda malire, Saltychikha amafaniziridwa ndi Countess Bathory, omwe anali ndi zinthu zofanana. Saltychikha anaweruzidwa kuti asatenge udindo wolemekezeka ndipo anachotsedwa pa dzina la mwamuna wake. Ndiponso adagwirizanitsidwa ndi chipilala ndi cholembedwa pamwamba pa mutu wake "Wozunza ndi wakupha." Pambuyo pake, adathamangitsidwa ku nyumba ya amonke kuti akaweruzidwe, komwe anamwalira ali ndi zaka 30 m'ndende ali ndi zaka 71.

22. Leonard Chiancully

Leonard Chianciulli ndi mzimayi wodziwika kwambiri wa ku Italy, amene kuyambira 1939 mpaka 1940. anapha akazi atatu. Anayamba ndi kuti mwana wake wamwamuna wamkulu adakalowetsedwa kulowa usilikali, ndipo adaganiza kuti anthu ozunzidwawo amafunikira kuti apulumutsidwe. Ananyengerera atsikanawo, amamupatsa vinyo ndi mankhwala, anamaliza ndi nkhwangwa. Kenaka atadulidwa mtembo, adathetsa soda komanso ankaphika sopo. Chifukwa chake adalandira dzina lotchedwa "Sopo ku Correggio". Magazi a ozunzidwawo anawonjezera ku mikate ndi mankhwala, omwe amamuchitira abwenzi ndi anzako. Leonard ankakhulupirira kuti njirayi ikhoza kuchotsa temberero la banja lake. Chifukwa cha zovuta zake, adalandira zaka 30 m'ndende ndipo zaka zitatu ali kuchipatala cha maganizo.

23. Juan Barras

Juan Barras anabadwa mu 1957 m'banja losavomerezeka ndipo anakhala mmodzi mwa opha anthu ambiri opha magazi m'mbiri ya Mexico. Pakati pa 1998 ndi 2006 iye anapha pafupifupi 46-48 akazi okalamba, chifukwa chake adatchedwa "Wowapha Akazi Akazi Akale". Akazi okalamba omwe adawapeza ndi chikwama, atakumbidwa ndi kubedwa. Kwa nthawi yaitali, apolisi ankaganiza kuti ndi munthu wakupha. Ndipo mu 2006 Barass anakwanitsa kugwira pamene adayesa kuthawa. Anatsutsidwa pa milandu 16 ndipo anaweruzidwa kuti akhale m'ndende zaka 759.

24. Eileen Warnos

Eileen Warnos amaonedwa kuti ndi mmodzi wa akazi okongola kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Atangoyamba kusiya nyumba ya makolo ake, anayamba kuchita uhule m'misewu ya Florida. Ndipo mu 1989 iye adapha wakuyamba kwake - mwamuna yemwe adaphedwa ndi mpeni. Pambuyo pake, Warnos anapha pafupifupi amuna asanu asanathe kugwira. Iye anaweruzidwa ndi kuikidwa pa mzere wakufa. Ngakhale kuti sankadziwa kuti Eileen anali munthu wabwino, Eileen anaweruzidwa kuti aphedwe mu 2002. Hollywood blockbuster "Monster" ndi Shakira Theron mu udindo udindo akuchokera pa nkhaniyi.

25. Miyuki Ishikawa

Ku Japan, Miyuki Ishikawa ndiloyamba m'mbiri ya anthu olakwa. Amadziwika kuti "mzimayi wa Demoni." Miyuki ankagwira ntchito monga mzamba komanso m'moyo wake, malinga ndi zifukwa zina, anapha ana pakati pa 85 ndi 169. Anakhulupilira kuti anathandiza mabanja osawuka ndi osauka, potero kuthetsa mavuto awo. Pakati pa mulanduyo adatsutsa kulakwa kwake, potsutsa kuti ndi makolo amene anadzudzula imfa ya ana otayika. Ndipo chitetezo chake chinali chopambana. Miyuki analamulidwa kukhala m'ndende zaka zisanu ndi zitatu zokha. Pambuyo pempholo, mawuwo adachepetsedwa ndi theka.