Mankhwala a antiticoagulants apangidwa kuti achepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi mwa kupondereza mapangidwe a fibrin. Izi zimathandiza kuti mapangidwe a magazi asapangidwe. Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magulu onse enieni komanso ngati mankhwala othandiza. Kukonzekera kwa antikoagulant kungakhale m'mapiritsi, monga majekiseni kapena mafuta. Njira yotsirizayo ndi yofala kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, ndi mtundu wanji komanso kuchuluka kwake koyenera kutenga mankhwalawa, ndi katswiri yemwe ayenera kudziwa, mwinamwake mankhwala sangayambitse mavuto okha, komanso amachititsa mavuto aakulu.
Anticoagulants amagawidwa m'makonzedwe atsatanetsatane ndi osadziwika. Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa magulu awiriwa ndi momwe zimalepheretsa mapangidwe a thrombi. Ndikofunikanso kuti kukonzekera kugwirizana ndi anticoagulants osiyanasiyana.
Anticoagulants of action
Kukonzekera kwa anticoagulants yachindunji kumangolepheretsa kuchitapo kanthu. Izi zikhoza kuchitika ngati pali pulasitiki. Waukulu pakati pawo ndi antithrombin III.
Mankhwala oterewa ali m'gulu la anthu omwe amadziwika kuti thrombin inhibitors, amatchedwanso antithrombin III-dependent thrombin inhibitors. Gululi limaphatikizapo heparins zochepa ndi zazikulu-maselo:
- heparin sodium;
- heparin calcium;
- supraparin calcium;
- enoxaparin sodium;
- parnaparin sodium
- posakhalitsa;
- cybernyne;
- deltaparin sodium;
- sodium hydrocitrate.
Heparin amatha kuimitsa ntchito zina za hemostasis. Choyamba, izi zikutanthauza kallikrein, IXa, Xa, Xia, XIIa.
Mndandanda wa kukonzekera ma antiticagulants:
- Lyotoni 1000 (gel);
- Xarelto (mapiritsi);
- Dolabene (gel);
- Heparin (jekeseni);
- Heparin Acrigel 1000 (gel);
- Venitane H (zonona);
- Venolife;
- Thrombless (gel);
- Gepatrombin G (mafuta onunkhira).
Anticoagulants zachindunji
Mankhwala a antiticoagulants akuphatikizapo mankhwala omwe amawononga thrombin, zomwe ziri, zedi, zogwira mtima kusiyana ndi kusiya ntchito yake. Gululi la anticoagulants likuphatikizapo hirudin ndi mafananidwe ake, omwe ndi awa:
- girugen;
- chimanga;
- mphunzitsi;
- ZINTHU.
Kukonzekera kosagwiritsidwa ntchito mosagwiritsidwa ntchito kumatchedwa antiticoagulants kumatchedwa kusankha kapena mwachindunji inhibitors ya thrombin, chifukwa sichidalira antithrombin III ndi thrombin inhibitors.
Mndandanda wa kukonzekera ma antioagulants mwachindunji:
- Warfarin Nycomed (mapiritsi);
- Phenylline (mapiritsi).
Contraindications
Anticoagulants ali ndi zotsutsana, zomwe zingabweretse mavuto aakulu. Choncho, mankhwalawa sangaperekedwe kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa ndi matendawa:
- Matenda a m'mimba mwake ali ndi chizolowezi chomwa magazi (mwachitsanzo, chiwindi cha zilonda zam'mimba, kutuluka m'magazi);
- Matenda a chiwindi, kuphatikizapo katalini fibrosis pachiwindi, matenda a chiwindi;
- chithunzi;
- zizindikiro za impso zolephera;
- matenda a magazi, kumene njira za hemostatic zimaphwanyidwa (mwachitsanzo, thrombocytopenic purpura);
- Kutha kwa vitamini C-ndi K-vitamini;
- subacute septic endocrine;
- chifuwa chachikulu cha cavernous.
Sikoyenera kutenganso mankhwala ndi anticoagulants kwa amayi apakati.
Zotsatira Zotsatira
Mankhwala a antiticoagulant ali ndi zotsatira zambiri zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa musanayambe kumwa mankhwala. Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- zovuta ;
- mutu, malungo, asthenia;
- khungu la khungu;
- ntchito yokhudzana ndi impso;
- kunyoza, kuoneka kwa zilonda m'kamwa, ululu m'mimba, vuto la kukoma, kutsekula m'mimba, kusanza ndi kusanza;
- chithunzithunzi;
- kuyabwa, kuthamanga, kumeta;
- kusokoneza impso.