Chemotherapy pofufuza zachipatala ndi mankhwala a zilonda zoopsa za khansa, zowononga kapena kuchepetsa kukula kwa maselo a khansa mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala apadera, cytostatics. Kuchiza khansa ndi chemotherapy kumachitika mwadongosolo malinga ndi dongosolo linalake, lomwe lasankhidwa payekha. Kawirikawiri, mankhwala a chemotherapy omwe amapezeka m'magazi amakhala ndi njira zingapo zothandizira mankhwala osokoneza bongo amatha kupumula pakati pa mankhwala, kubwezeretsanso minofu yowonongeka ya thupi.
Pali mitundu yambiri ya mankhwala a chemotherapy omwe amasiyana ndi cholinga chokhazikitsidwa:
- Matenda a neoadjuvant amatha kuperekedwa opaleshoni, pofuna kuchepetsa chotupa chosagwiritsidwa ntchito chochita opaleshoni, komanso kuzindikira mphamvu za maselo a kansa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo kuti apitirize kuchitidwa opaleshoni.
- mankhwala a adjuvant amagwiritsidwa ntchito pambuyo pochita opaleshoni kuti athetse masewasis ndi kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kubwereranso.
- Mankhwala othandizira mankhwala amachititsa kuchepetsa khansa ya mthupi.
Malingana ndi malo ndi mtundu wa chotupa, chemotherapy imaperekedwa motsatira ndondomeko zosiyana ndipo ili ndi zizindikiro zake.
Chemotherapy kwa khansa
Chemotherapy ya khansa ya m'mawere imatha kuchitidwa musanathe kugwira ntchitoyi, ndipo izi zimachepetsera chiopsezo cha kubwerera m'mbuyo. Koma khansa yapakhungu ya neoadjuvant ya khansa ya m'mawere imakhala ndi zovuta zake, chifukwa imalimbitsa chithandizo cha opaleshoni ndipo zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kudziwa mapuloteni a mahomoni (progesterone ndi estrogen), zimakhalanso zovuta kudziwa mtundu wa chotupa. Zotsatira za dongosolo la mankhwala a chemotherapy ndi mayendedwe oterewa amapezeka kale kwa miyezi iwiri, yomwe imathandiza, ngati kuli kotheka, kukonza chithandizocho. Nthaŵi zina, mankhwala a chemotherapy sangakhale ofunika, kotero njira zina zamankhwala, monga mankhwala otchedwa hormone, angapangidwe. Palinso mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito khansa ya m'mawere, cholinga chake ndi kuchepetsa kukula kwake kwa chifuwa cha opaleshoni.
Chemotherapy kwa khansara ya chiberekero, ovary ndi bere zingathe kuphatikizidwa ndi mankhwala a homoni mu zotupa zowonongeka ndi mahomoni, ndiko kuti, pamene mahomoni a anthu amathandizira kukula kwa chotupa cha khansa.
Kachimothera khansa ya m'mapapo imathandiza kwambiri chifukwa chakuti matendawa amapezeka nthawi zambiri m'malo osagwiritsidwa ntchito, pambuyo pa maseŵera a m'mimba. Kukula kwa khansara yamapapo pambuyo poti chemotherapy ikhoza kuimitsidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti khalidwe likhale labwino komanso likhalitse moyo. Chofunika kwambiri pa chithandizo ndi kupambana kwa chithandizo chimayambitsidwa ndi gulu la matenda (osati khungu kakang'ono kapenanso khansa yaing'ono ya selo).
Chemotherapy ya khansa ya chiwindi imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yowonjezera yowonjezera. Izi zimakhala chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa maselo a khansa ya chiwindi ndi chemotherapy mankhwala.
Chemotherapy chifukwa cha khansa ya m'mimba, rectum ndi matumbo nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, omwe nthaŵi zambiri amapereka zotsatira zabwino. Pamene khansa ya m'mimba ikuchokera, chemotherapy ikhoza kuwonjezera nthawi yopulumuka pafupifupi theka.
Chemotherapy m'zinthu zamatsenga zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi zotsatira zosiyana, zonse zochepa komanso zazitali. Chowonadi n'chakuti kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kwa chemotherapy kumayesetsa kulimbana ndi maselo a khansa, koma panthawi imodzimodziyo zimakhudza kwambiri ntchito yofunikira ya maselo abwino, ndipo amafuna kuti thupi liledzere. Pazochitika zonsezi, chiopsezo cha zotsatira za mankhwala chikufanizidwa ndi zotsatira zowonongeka, ndipo pokhapokha pali chisankho chotsatira chosankha mankhwala a chemotherapy pa masewera enaake. Momwe thupi limayendera mankhwala ochizira mankhwala, zingakhale zofunikira kusiya kuletsa kapena kusintha ndondomeko, kotero muyenera kudziwitsa
Chifukwa cha maphunziro ambiri m'mayendedwe a khansa, kusintha kumawoneka chaka chilichonse kuonjezera kuchuluka kwa moyo ndi odwala. Malingana ndi mauthenga atsopano, makonzedwe otetezeka a chemotherapy akukonzedwa, kuti awononge maselo a khansa popanda kuwononga ziwalo zathanzi. Njira zamakono zotchedwa chemotherapy nthawi zambiri zingachepetse kwambiri zotupa, kuchepetsa kubwerera m'mbuyo komanso matenda a metastasis mutatha kuchipatala.