Namibia ndi dziko lachilendo ku Africa lomwe limakopa alendo ndi chikhalidwe chawo chachilendo. Amagwirizanitsa kwambiri chiwonetsero cha ku Ulaya ndi chidziwitso chakumeneko. Chilengedwe chokongola ndi zinyama zosiyanasiyana zimapangitsa boma kukhala lovuta kwambiri pa dziko lapansi.
Makhalidwe a chikhalidwe ku Namibia
Dzikoli likuonedwa kuti ndi anthu ochepa (1,95 miliyoni). Kuno pa lalikulu 1. km apo pali anthu awiri okha. Pafupifupi anthu 60% amakhala mu zigawo zakutchire komanso zovuta kuzifikira. Amagawidwa m'mitundu 9 yomwe yagawanitsidwa kukhala mabanja:
- Bantu - akuphatikizapo Herero, Ovambo, San, Himba, mafuko a Basters; mapiri;
- chinenero cha Khoisan - maama, Bushman, Hottentots.
Pano alandire alendo mosangalala. Iwo amadziwidwa ku moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku ndi chikhalidwe chawo, amachizidwa ndi zakudya zachikhalidwe ndi zikondwerero ndi maholide awo. Ku Namibia, pali anthu oposa 75,000 omwe anabwera kuno kuchokera ku Ulaya: Russia, Portugueses, Italians, Britons, Germans, Afrikaners ndi mitundu ina.
Chikhalidwe chamakono ku Namibia ndi chisakanizo cha miyambo yomwe idapangidwa ndi zochitika zakale. Limaphatikizapo miyambo yosiyanasiyana. Chilankhulochi ndi Chingerezi, koma anthu ambiri amalankhula Chifrikanishi, ndipo zilankhulo za Chijeremani ndi zapansi zimalankhulanso. Mtengo wofunika kwambiri wa aborigines ndi kunyada kwa dziko lawo.
Zipembedzo
Ku Namibia, anthu 90 pa 100 alionse amati ndi Chikhristu, omwe 75% ali a Evangelical Lutheran Church (ELCIN), ndipo otsala 25% adagawanika kukhala Akatolika, Baptisti, Mormon, Apentekoste, Adventist ndi Anglican. Kwa Ayuda kumeneko kuli anthu pafupifupi 100 okha. Komanso pali Asilamu (3%), Mabuddha ndi Ahindu.
Nyimbo ndi masewera mu chikhalidwe cha Namibia
Malangizowo adalimbikitsidwa kwambiri ndi nyimbo za Malagasy ndi Comorian, European and Creole. Pali mitundu monga jazz, reggae, pop, hip-hop ndi thanthwe.
Masewera otchuka kwambiri ku Namibia ndi mpira. Anthu a mmudzimo amaseŵanso kanyumba ndi hockey. M'dzikolo, mitundu yovuta kwambiri padziko lathu lapansi imayendetsedwa, yomwe imatchedwa ultra marathons.
Sayansi mu dziko
Ku Namibia kuli Yunivesite imodzi yokha yopanda Free, yomwe inatsegulidwa mu 1992, ndi Polytechnic Institute. Kuphunzira kutalika kwafala m'mayiko. Sayansi apa ili makamaka ya chilengedwe. M'dzikoli, chidziwitso chothandiza chimaperekedwa kwambiri kuposa chidziwitso chodziwika bwino. Zonsezi zalengedwa kuti zithetse zosowa zaumunthu. Madera akuluakulu ndi awa:
- kuphunzira zachilengedwe;
- chitukuko cha ulimi;
- Kupititsa patsogolo chithandizo cha zaumoyo.
Maphunziro m'masukulu ali mu Chingerezi malinga ndi njira ya Cambridge. (Poyamba, iwo ankachitidwa pansi pa pulogalamu ya South Africa Afrikaans, pamene mwana woyamba anali atapatsidwa ndalama zambiri kuposa Afirika). Tsopano zipatala zambiri zamaphunziro zimayendetsedwa ndi tchalitchi. Ubwino wa chidziwitso pakati pa ophunzira wakula, ndipo chiwerengero chawo chawonjezeka ndi 20%. Masiku ano, kuŵerenga akuluakulu kumafika 66%.
Art of Namibia
Mabuku a boma amaimiridwa ndi nthano ndi nthano zachikhalidwe. Kujambula kumaphatikizapo kupukuta ndi miyendo (zovala, malamba, makola) ndi zitsulo zamakono (karossa), komanso kujambula. Pa zikondwerero zapanyumba ndi zikondwerero za dziko pali magulu osiyanasiyana ovina omwe amaimira mafuko. Chitukuko chodziwikiratu chinachitika motsatira njira zojambula zithunzi.
Zojambulajambula za miyala zimatengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yodziwika bwino kwambiri yojambula. Ambiri ojambula amawonetsera zinyama ndi moyo. Ntchito zoterezi zimawonekera ku Namibia. Komabe pano malo akuwonetserako akufala. Ochita maseŵera amasewera masewera osati m'midzi yambiri, komanso m'midzi yaing'ono.
Maholide ku Namibia
Pa zikondwerero zazikulu zapadera ndi pa maholide a Khirisimasi (amayamba pakatikati pa mwezi wa January ndi mwezi watha), mabungwe akuluakulu amagwira ntchito pang'onopang'ono, ndipo makampani apamtundu atsekedwa. Masiku awa ndi awa:
- zikondwerero ku Windhoek - zikondwerero mu April;
- Tsiku Lopulumuka - likukondedwa pa March 21, limatengedwa kuti ndilo lalikulu ku Namibia;
- Tsiku la Makhero - likuchitikira Lamlungu lapitali mu August mu mzinda wa Okahandia, ndi m'mudzi wa Omaruru - mu October;
- Chikondwerero cha zikondwerero - mu August;
- Oktoberfest ndi Windhoek amasonyeza - akukondwerera kwambiri mu October.
Thanzi ku Namibia
Ndondomekoyi yawonetsedwa bwino. Mu malo otetezera ku Africa, dokotala wina amawerengetsa anthu pafupifupi 9,000, ndipo m'madera a ku Ulaya kuli anthu 480 omwe ali ndi katswiri wofanana. Izi zinayambitsa kufalikira kwa matenda osiyanasiyana. Zowopsa kwambiri mwazo ndi Edzi, trachoma, malaria, chifuwa chachikulu komanso matenda opatsirana m'mimba.
Mwa njira, ku South Africa pali chikhulupiliro chomwe chikugwiritsidwabe ntchito pakati pa Aaborijini. Akuti ngati mwamuna wa ku Africa atagonana ndi mkazi woyera, angathe kuchiritsidwa ndi AIDS. Pa chifukwa chimenechi, oyenda ku Ulaya ayenera kukhala osamala kwambiri.
Cuisine of Namibia
Zakudya zowonjezeka m'dzikomo zimakhala ndi nyama ya zambi, antelope, mkango, ng'ona, mwanawankhosa, ng'ombe ndi nthiwatiwa. Konzekerani makamaka kuti azikhala ndi nkhanza ndi kuwonjezera pa zonunkhira zapanyumba (llandyager ndi crrue). Anatumikira ku tebulo ndi nsomba: squid, lobster, oyster, mussels ndi nsomba zosiyanasiyana.
Ziphuphu zimatha kulawa:
- mazira a nthiwatiwa;
- mphutsi za omungu kapena mopana;
- mazira a mafinite;
- dzombe;
- bowa la Omaiov.
Pa msewu kugula chakudya sikofunika, ndipo madzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino kuchokera ku mabotolo. Mowa umagulitsidwa m'masitolo apadera okha. Pa masiku a sabata, mukhoza kugula nthawi isanakwane 17:00, ndipo Loweruka - mpaka 13:00. M'malesitilanti, ndi chizoloŵezi kuchoka nsonga mu ndalama zapanyumba mu 10% ya ndalamazo.
Ndi chiyani chinanso chomwe muyenera kudziwa pa chikhalidwe cha Namibia?
Dzikoli liri ndi Dipatimenti ya Chitetezo ndi Women's Affairs, yomwe imayang'aniridwa ndi Purezidenti ndipo imathandizidwa ndi iye. Kugonana kofooka kumakhala ndi malo ambiri a boma. Amapatsidwa mpando wa 40% m'mavoti ku mabungwe a boma.
Akuluakulu ammudzi amavala zovala mu chikhalidwe cha African, koma nthawi yomweyo aborigines ndi okhulupirika kwa akabudula, mathalauza ndi zovala zazifupi. Palibe zofunikira zenizeni za maonekedwe apaulendo apa.