Clivia - chisamaliro cha panyumba, malamulo oyambirira a kulima

Nkhono za ku Afrika, zosamalira kunyumba zomwe ziri zophweka, ndi zokongola osati panthawi ya maluwa, monga zomera zakhala zakuda masamba obiriwira omwe amaoneka okongola kwambiri. Maluwa okongola kwambiri amatchedwa hippeastrum kapena amaryllis.

Clivia - chisamaliro ndi kukula kunyumba

Chomeracho ndi cha mtundu wa zikhalidwe zobiriwira zomwe zimakhala zosawerengeka za banja la Amaryllis. Mwachilengedwe, imakula mu South Africa yokha, koma n'zosavuta kuti azizoloŵera zochitika zapakhomo. Kuti mumvetse mmene mungasamalire, muyenera kuyamba kumvetsetsa kuti mizu yake ndi masamba ake ndi owopsya: ali ndi licorin, yomwe imapangitsa kuti phokoso likhale lolimba, choncho duwa liyenera kutetezedwa kwa ana ndi ziweto. Apo ayi, kulima amaryllis kumati:

• kukonza bwino;
• kuthirira;
• nthaka yopindulitsa ndi feteleza abwino.

Momwe mungamwetsera khungu?

Mankhwalawa amafunika kuchuluka kwa madzi, chifukwa mizu yake imasunga chinyezi. Ngati nthendayi ikamazungulira maluwa imakhala yosavuta kwambiri, ndiye kuti nthawi yonseyi iyenera kuthiriridwa osachepera 1 nthawi masabata asanu. Pachifukwa ichi, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ozizira. Olima akudziŵa amayesetsa kuti asalole kuti madziwo asungunuke pamphuno - mizu ya chikhalidwe ili kale yovunda. M'nyengo yozizira, mmalo mwa madzi okwanira, amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito sprayer yomwe imakanizira mphukira zonse ndi nthaka yosanjikiza.

Clevia - kuika

Kusamutsira ku malo atsopano angakhalemo pokhapokha ngati mizu ikuyamba kutuluka mumphika. Kuwedzeredwa kwa Clavia panyumba sikokwanira kamodzi kokha kamodzi pa zaka 2-3 - pamene kumasamutsidwa ku mphamvu yowonjezera, koma osati mosiyana. Ndikofunika kusunga nthawi yoika zinthu ziwiri zofunika:

1. Mizu yothyokayo iyenera kukonzedwa ndi makala ophwanyika kuti asafere.
2. Pansi pa mphika muyenera kudzaza zosanjikiza - dothi lowonjezera, vermiculite, miyala yamtengo wapatali kapena njerwa. Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti madzi akuyenda bwino komanso kukhuta kwa nthaka mukuteteza mbewu.

Clive nthaka

Nthaka yochuluka kwambiri ndiyo njira yoipa kwambiri yokula maluwa awa. Phansi la nthakayi liyenera kukhala loposa 6 maunyolo, nthaka ya kuika kwa clavia ndi 4. Nthaka yosakaniza imaphatikizapo masamba, peat ndi humus, ndipo ngati ili yokonzedwera kamera kakang'ono, n'zotheka kuwonjezera mchenga wambiri. Amaryllis isanayambe kubzalidwa, nitroammophosco imaphatikizidwira, kutsata mlingo wa 10 g pa 1 kg ya gawo lapansi.

Kodi mphika uti ukusowa chingwe?

Hippeastrum ili ndi mbali yofunikira: ngati chidebe chimene chimakula chikukula kwambiri, kupanga peduncle kulibe vuto. Kufooka kwa mizu, kusewera gawo la nkhokwe ya madzi, kumateteza kusintha kawirikawiri kumalo a maluwa, kotero mphika wa Cleavia uyenera kulumikizana ndi magawo monga:

1. Kukula kokwanira . Mphamvu ziyenera kukhala zochepetsetsa kuti chomeracho sichingafanane, koma sichiyenera kuwonongeka.
2. Zopuma zofewa . Chophimba cha pulasitiki chimaletsa ngakhale kuyanika kwa chinyezi ndi kuthetsa kugwiritsa ntchito ngalande, choncho, makina ophimba amakongoletsedwa.

Klivia - kubereka kunyumba

Pali njira ziwiri zopezera mphukira zatsopano za amaryllis - zowonjezera komanso zamasamba. Zimakhala zovuta kwa oyamba kumene kumvetsetsa momwe chingwe chimachulukira pakhomo kudzera mu nthambi ya mphukira, choncho njira yoyamba ndi yabwino kwambiri kwa iwo. Mbewu za chikhalidwe zingagulidwe mu sitolo kapena kufunsa mwini wa chomera chachikulu. Mfundo yowonjezera yakusiya imadalira njira yosankhidwa:

1. Mbewu imadonthozedwa m'madzi kwa tsiku, kotero kuti imatupa, ndikubzala pansi kuchokera ku peat ndi perlite. Kukonzekera kwa mbande kumayikidwa pansi pa filimu ya polyethylene: hothouse imayambira tsiku lililonse kwa mphindi 10-15. Pamene tsamba lenileni loyamba likuwoneka, mbande imathamangira mu miphika yosiyana.
2. Ngati nyumbayo ili ndi nkhanza wamkulu, kusamalira kunyumba kungakhale kuphatikizana ndi kupatukana kwa mphukira yowonongeka, yomwe yatha kale chaka chino. Amaphatikizidwa mu mphika 7 masentimita awiri, wodzazidwa ndi mchenga. Chomera chimasowa madzi okwanira kusiyana ndi munthu wamkulu wachikulire.

N'chifukwa chiyani maluwa sakuphulika?

Mphukira yoyamba imawonekera pokhapokha atakwanitsa zaka 4-5. Ndondomekoyi imayamba mu February, choncho ndikofunika kuonetsetsa mtendere wake kwa miyezi 1.5-2 isanakwane kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira. Malangizo onse a momwe angapangitsire maluwa amachepetsedwa kukhala ofunikira kukonzekera njirayi. Phika ayenera kumusamutsira m'chipinda chozizira, chiwerengero cha kuthirira ndi kuvala chiyenera kuchepetsedwa. Ngati mzere wa masamba sunachitike, chimodzi mwa zifukwa zitatu chinakhala chimodzi mwa zifukwa:

1. Kukonzekera kwa maluwa ku galasi . Zimatenthetsa komanso zimapereka chimbudzi chozizira, chomwe chiyenera kupeŵedwa.
2. Kusankhidwa kosasankhidwa kwa nthaka . Mu nthaka musakhale owonjezera nayitrogeni, chifukwa imalimbikitsa kupanga mapangidwe a mizu, koma imakhudza maonekedwe a peduncle.
3. Kusakaniza msanga . Kunyumba kwapakhomo kumatengedwa ngati kopanda phokoso, motero ndikoletsedwa kuziyika pa nthawi ya maluwa.

Cleavia anafota - chochita ndi tsinde la maluwa?

Pali zifukwa ziwiri zokhudzana ndi momwe mungagwirire ntchito ndi nthambi yomwe zomera zayamba kale kufa. Icho chimatchedwa peduncle: pa chirichonse cha izo chingakhale maluwa okongola okwana 30. Malangizo oti achotsedwe amasiyana, chifukwa:

1. Ngati mvula itatha maluwa siidzalandidwa ndi peduncle, ndiye idzabala chipatso. Zikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kubzala, koma mphukira yaikulu nthawi zonse imawonongeka pambuyo pa katundu wolemera kwambiri, ziribe kanthu momwe kusamaliridwa kumeneku kumakhala koyenera.
2. Kuchotsa peduncle kudzatenga maluwa atsopano chaka chotsatira. Nthambi yowumayo imadulidwa bwino pamunsi pang'onopang'ono pomwe phokoso likugwa.

Cleavia - Matenda

Ngati kusamalidwa kwa mbewuyo sikungalemekezedwe, kumakhala koyambitsa matenda komanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Pa maonekedwe a mavuto akhoza kuganiziridwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa maonekedwe a masamba, kusowa kwa maluwa kapena maonekedwe a tsinde pa tsinde. Kusamalira kuchipatala kunyumba kumaphatikizapo kuthetsa nthawi yoyamba ya matendawa, omwe ayenera kuyambiranso bwino:

1. Masamba amatembenukira chikasu . Kusintha kwa mtundu wotereku kumaimira matenda a fungal - matenda opondereza. Mukamayang'ana phokosoli, mukhoza kuzindikira kupezeka kwa zizindikiro zofiira.
2. Malangizo a mphukira amasintha mtundu wawo . Mawanga oyera kapena achikasu samasonyeza kuti chipatala chikugonjetsedwa ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga - izi ndizomwe zikuwonetseratu kuti duwa losamalira liribe msinkhu.
3. Mawanga a Brown amaoneka pa tsinde . Izi ndizo momwe zimakhalira zakuda : zimafanana ndi kuvala kofiira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kufota kumafalikira pakhomo.
4. Pa hippeastrum, pali kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa "thonje woyera" . Pansi pake akugwedeza mazira , mazira oyamwa ndi kuchepetsa kukula kwa chikhalidwe.