Dziko lakumidzi la gerbera, chomera chokhazikika cha herbaceous, ndi South Africa. Ancestor wa mitundu yonse - gerbera Jameson - anapereka mitundu yambiri yokongola yomwe imafalikira chaka chonse ndi maluwa akuluakulu, monga chamomile. Gwiritsani ntchito gerbera ngati chophimba, mothandizirani kuti mutha kuwunikira khonde kapena loggia.
Kulima kumudzi, mtundu wa gerbara wa chovala chokongoletsera ndi tchire chokwanira komanso nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mtundu wa maluwa a chomera ndi wosiyana kwambiri: woyera, kirimu, salimoni, rasipiberi ndi ena. Posachedwapa amabweretsa mitundu ya gerbera ndi maluwa awiri.
Mbali za kusamalira gerbera m'chipinda mu mphika
Monga chomera chilichonse, gerbera imafuna kusamalira ndi kusamala. Choncho, muyenera kudziwa momwe mungasamalire gerbera mumphika. Chomeracho chimakonda kuwala, koma kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi mpweya wokwanira. Kuthira chipinda cha gerbera chiyenera kukhala chochuluka mosasamala nyengo, ndipo madzi - ofunda, pafupifupi 20 ° C. Salola kuti gerbera imwe madzi ozizira m'nyengo yozizira. Izi zingachititse imfa ya maluwawo. Pakuthirira, tiyenera kuonetsetsa kuti madzi sagwera pamaluwawo. Njira yabwino yothiriramo - mu khola, imathandiza kupewa kuwononga mizu. Mafuta owonjezera kuchokera ku poto ndi abwino kwambiri. Chomeracho chimamveka bwino ndi kupopera masamba nthawi zonse, komabe madzi sayenera kuloledwa kugwa pa maluwa.
Kutentha mu chipinda chiyenera kukhala chapakati, kufika 20 ° C nthawi ya maluwa. M'nyengo ya chilimwe, zimathandiza kuti maluwawo asangalale, koma maluwawo atatha, pomwe zomerazo zatha, gerbera iyenera kusungidwa kutentha kosapitirira 14 ° C. Mpumulo uwu ndi wofunika kwambiri, monga nthawi yachisanu ndi yozizira, gerbera imamanga masamba ndikukonzekera mtsogolo maluwa.
Alimi ambiri akudabwa chifukwa chake gerbera ya mkati siili pachimake. Chinthu chake ndi chakuti chomerachi n'chosangalatsa kwambiri, choncho, ngati chikuwona kuti alibe kuwala, ndiye kuti maluwa akutha. Konzani chomera m'nyengo yozizira ndi kuyatsa kwabwino kwina, ndipo gerbera yanu mu mphika idzaphuka m'nyengo yozizira.
Kusindikizidwa kwa gerala
Sakanizani gerbera kumayambiriro kwa masika ngati mukufunikira. Nthaka ya kuikidwa imapangidwa ndi peat, dziko, mchenga kapena sphagnum. Palibe kompositi, palibe humus watsopano mu nthaka ya gerberas sungakhoze kuwonjezeredwa.
Kudyetsa chomera kumaphatikizapo zovuta zokonza feteleza: panthawi ya kukula kwa mbeu - kamodzi pakatha masabata atatu, ndi panthawi ya maluwa - pambuyo pa masabata awiri.
Ndikofunika kudziwa poto yomwe ikufunika pa gerbera. Nthawi yomweyo mutagula chomeracho, ndibwino kuti musasambe mu mphika watsopano. Musamakhudzepo kwa masabata awiri, kotero kuti gerbera isakanikizidwe, ndipo pokhapokha mutha kuziyika mu mphika wozama kwambiri. Pankhani iyi, musaiwale kuti khosi la maluwa liyenera kukhala pamwamba pamtunda.
Oyamba kumene nthawi zina amafunsidwa chifukwa chiyani gerbera imafota mu mphika? Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kuziika ndizovuta kwambiri pamaluwa onse. Anasokoneza umphumphu wa mizu, choncho, komanso zakudya za mbewuzo zikuwonongeka, ndipo mazenera amaluwa omwe amapezeka pamphika amawombera. Pofuna kupewa wilting, munthu sayenera kutsitsa kwambiri zomera panthawiyi. Pang'onopang'ono maluwawo adzazoloŵera ndi kukula.
Kubala chipinda cha gerbera
Mukhoza kufalitsa gerbera ndi cuttings, kugawidwa kwa chitsamba kapena mbewu. Mitengo yamtengo wapatali imapindula kwambiri pogawanitsa chitsamba. Chitani bwino kumapeto kwa nyengo, pamene chitsamba chidzafika zaka 3-4. Pa aliyense delenka m'pofunika kuchoka pa 2-3 mfundo za kukula. Mutabzala ndipo maluwa asanayambe, delenok ikhoza kudutsa miyezi 10 mpaka 11.
Mbewu yofalitsa chipinda cha gerbera ndi bwino kumapeto kwa nyengo, pamene kutentha kwa mpweya kumafika 18-20 ° C. Pamene masamba 2-3 akuwoneka, mphukira zimamangidwa nthawi yoyamba mabokosi, ndipo pamene masamba 4-5 amaoneka, amaikidwa m'miphika.
Matenda a Gerbera m'chipinda
Kuthira mowa kwambiri ndi kusungunuka kwa chinyezi m'nthaka kungawononge powdery mildew ndi matenda a fungal ku chipinda cha Gerbera. Kupanda chinyezi kungachititse kugonjetsedwa kwa nsabwe za m'masamba , whitefly kapena kangaude .
Kudziwa momwe mungamwetsere gerbera mumphika komanso momwe mungasamalire bwino, mukhoza kupeza maluwa okongola a zomera zokongola pakhomo.