Kusungira mazira kwa mazira - zonse zogwiritsa ntchito ndi kusankha kwa Oyamba

Kuti mupeze ulimi wa nkhuku, mukufunikira dzira lodalirika la dzira. Pali mafakitale ndi zinthu zapanyumba, zosiyana ndi ma volume, zochita zokha ndi zina. Kuti musankhe chitsanzo chabwino, muyenera kudziwa momwe ntchitoyi ikugwiritsidwira ntchito komanso kuti muphunzire mfundo zomwe zimakhudza kuswana.

Zomwe zili mu chofungatira mazira

Mosasamala kanthu kuti muli ndi makina opangira nyumba kwa mazira kapena chipangizo cha fakitale, popanda kutsatira mosamalitsa kayendedwe ka makulitsidwe, simungathe kutulutsa nkhuku yabwino. "Kunjenjemera" anapiye amakhala ofooka, amachokera ku chipolopolo kenako, amasuntha kwambiri. Ana "okwera kwambiri" ali ndi madzi othamanga, ndipo yolk imayendetsedwa kwambiri, mazira ambiri osowa. Kufulumizitsa ndondomeko ya makulitsidwe potulutsa kutentha ndi chisankho choipa. Kuonjezera apo, thanzi la anapiye mu chofungatira mazira limakhudzidwa ndi chinyezi, mpweya wabwino ndi zina.

Kutentha kotentha kwa mazira

Nthawi zosakaniza, kugwedeza nthawi ndi kutentha kwa mitundu iliyonse ya mbalame ndi zosiyana. Nkhuku zimakonzedwa masiku 21, ndipo pakuwonekera kwa goslings kumafunika kuyembekezera mpaka masiku 29. Gwiritsani ntchito kamodzi kamodzi ka mazira pa nthawi imodzimodzi kuti mbalame , nkhuku ndi abakha zimangokhala munthu wodziwa zambiri. Masiku osiyana, kutentha kwa mazira a nkhuku kumasiyana malinga ndi magawo a kukula kwa mimba. Limbikitsani kutentha kwa mazira - kuyambira 27 ° C mpaka 43 ° C, kutentha kwakukulu kwa kutentha kwa mazira kumapangidwira 37 ° C mpaka 40 ° C, ngati kutentha kumapangidwa kuchokera kumbali zosiyanasiyana - 38.5 ° C.

Chinyezi mu chofungatira cha mazira

Chifukwa china chomwe chimakhala chovuta kupeza chikwanira chokwanira cha nkhuku ndi madzi otchedwa waterfowl mu dzira lofanana ndi dzira ndizosiyanitsa mosiyana kwa mitundu iliyonse ya mbalame. Kuyanika kwa chipolopolo kumayambitsa kutuluka kwa madzi kuchokera ku dzira, komwe kumakhudza kwambiri mwana wosabadwayo. Chinyezi chomwe chimayambira mazira a nkhuku chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito ngalande zomwe zimatsirizidwa m'munsi mwa chipikacho kapena kuika matepi omwe amaikidwa pansi pa kabati, pogwiritsa ntchito nyumba kapena opopera.

Ngati palibe njira yapadera yosinthira chinyezi (katswiri wa hygrometer), ndiye mankhwala ofuzira otentha otchingidwa mu ubweya wofiira wa thonje kapena potoni angagwiritsidwe ntchito pachifukwa ichi. Tili ndi chipangizo chouma ndi chonyowa pa msinkhu umodzi, timatsegula chofungatira. Pambuyo pa mphindi 15, koma madzi asanamveke m'kati mwake, timafananitsa kuwerenga kwawo pa tebulo lapadera.

Kodi mungasankhe bwanji chosakaniza mazira?

Poyambirira, kunali kosavuta kupeza choyendetsa chabwino cha mazira pa malonda a malonda, anthu ankayenera kupanga zipangizo zamakono zopangidwa ndi pulasitiki zamoto, plywood, zakale zafriji ndi zinthu zina. Tsopano masitolo ali odzaza ndi zipangizo zamtundu uwu, zoweta zapakhomo ndi zakunja, koma funso limabwera ndi kusankha bwino kwa chipangizo chapamwamba ndi chodalirika. Iyenera kuthana ndi machitidwe omwe amafunidwa ndipo imatsimikiziridwa kuti musayambe pakati pa ndondomekoyi.

Zowonetsera posankha chowongolera chabwino:

1. Thermoregulator. Pali mawotchi (manual) ndi ma electronics, koma mulimonsemo chidziwitso chawo choyenera ndi chofunikira. Kwa zipangizo zam'nyumba, pali makalasi 6 owona bwino. Olamulira a triac samawotcha olankhula nawo, koma amawopa madontho a mpweya mumtunda. The optimum temperature kutsika sitepe ndi 0.1 ° C.
2. Kusinthasintha kwa mazira. Chofungatira mazira omwe ali ndi njira yotembenukira yowonongeka ndi yabwino kwambiri, koma mtengo wapatali. Zida zotsika mtengo zimapangidwa ndi pulasitiki yonyowa ndi pulasitiki yosavuta.
3. Kudzetsa chinyezi. Mu zipangizo zotsika mtengo palibe hygrometers konse, kotero muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa chizindikirochi nokha. Mafakitale amasiku ano ali ndi zinyontho zamagetsi zowonongeka.
4. Kutentha gawo. Mababu osakaniza ndi otsika mtengo, koma nthawi zambiri amawotchedwa, omwe amachititsa kuphwanya ulamuliro. Tsopano opanga amatembenukira ku zinthu zotentha kapena filimu ya thermo, yomwe imakhala ndi nthawi yaitali.
5. Lumikizani gwero la mphamvu zosungira. Zipangizo zamtengo wapatali zingagwirizanitsidwe ndi mabatire 12V pogwiritsa ntchito osinthidwa mkati.
6. Nyumba. Kuti muyike m'chipinda chofunda, chipangizo chilichonse chili choyenera, koma m'chipinda chozizira ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito makina opangira mazira. Pulasitiki ali ndi ubwino wake - ndi amphamvu ndipo ndi kosavuta kusamba.

Zosakaniza zopangira mazira

Lembetseni ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika pazitsulo zilizonse. Zimakupatsani inu kukonza mazira pa malo abwino, kuwatembenuza iwo kumbali yoyenera. Chombo chabwino cha mazira chimakhala ndi magalasi onse osiyana siyana, omwe amatsitsimutsa ndi njira yokhayokha. Poyamba, iwo anapangidwa ndi chitsulo kapena waya, pakali pano zipangizo zamapulasitiki zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Masiku ano, n'zosavuta kuti pokhapokha asonkhanitse makina osungunula, pogwiritsa ntchito trays zopangidwa ndi okonzeka.

Kukula kwa maselo akuluakulu:

1. nkhuku mazira - 0,67-0,75 mm;
2. kwa zinziri - 0,35-0,45 mm;
3. chifukwa makulitsidwe a abakha ndi atsekwe - 0.75-0.86 mm.

Kodi mungagwiritse ntchito bwanji makinawa?

Ngakhale zipangizo zowonongeka zowona zimafunika kuyang'aniridwa nthawi ndi nthawi, muzinthu zambiri za ku China, zowerengedwa zamagetsi zimachimwa kuchokera ku choonadi, kukonza kutentha nthawi ndi nthawi kumafunika. Mu bizinesi, momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito makina osungira kunyumba, palibe vuto lalikulu. Muyenera kudziwa momwe mungayamire mazira moyenera pamene iwo ali mpweya wokwanira, sprayed ndi kutembenuzidwa. Nsalu yofunikira kwambiri ndi kukumbukira kutentha komwe kumasunga panthawi inayake yosakaniza, kupewa kutentha ndi hypothermia ya mazira.

Zolakwitsa zazikulu mu ndondomeko ya makulitsidwe:

1. Kusadziŵa chipangizo chogwiritsira ntchito, munthu sakudziwa kugwiritsa ntchito olamulira, samvetsa kukula kwake, amachititsa kutentha kolakwika. Ndikofunika kuyesa poyamba ndi chopanda kanthu chopanda kanthu, kuwonetsa zikhalidwe zosiyana pa masensa kuti aphunzire momwe angagwiritsire ntchito.
2. Wosuta samasunga tebulo losakaniza mazira, salemba nthawi ndi tsiku la bokosi.
3. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mazira akale, nthawi yotsiriza yosungirako - mpaka masabata awiri.
4. Chofungatira chimayikidwa zonyansa ndi zonyansa, osatsegulidwa chifukwa cha zofooka za dzira.
5. Kutumphuka mu kutentha, kutuluka kwa mphamvu kwafupipafupi mu ukonde.
6. Chofungatira mazira chimayikidwa pamalo olakwika, pafupi ndi mabatire otentha, dzuwa.
7. Mazira samatembenuka pa nthawi.

Kukonzekera chofungatira cha bokosi

Onetsetsani kuti mukuwerenga pasipoti ya chipangizocho ndi mapangidwe ake, zojambula zakalezi n'zosiyana kwambiri ndi zida zatsopano. Kukonzekera kachipangizo ka ntchito kumayambira ndi kusokoneza majekeseni a mkati mwa ecocide, chloramine, formaldehyde. Sambani chivindikiro, thupi, trays, grilles. Timayika makina otetezera pamalo otentha, kutali ndi zolemba, mabatire ndi mawindo otseguka. Ikani izo pazathyathyathya pamwamba. Timatsegula makina opangira mawotchi, kusintha masensa ndi kutentha komwe mukufuna, pambuyo pa maola 24, mutatha kutenthetsa ndi kuyang'ana zizindikiro zonse, zakonzeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Miyeso ya kusakaniza mazira mu chofungatira

Ngati mwaphunzira momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito makina osungirako, ndiye kuti kusunga mawonekedwe osankhidwa kungakhale kosavuta. Musaiwale za mpweya wabwino wa makamera, eni eni ake nthawi zambiri samazipanga, zomwe zimawononga kwambiri chiwerengero cha zokolola za nkhuku. Chifukwa chosowa ndalama, iwo amabadwa ndi zilema, machitidwe oipa, nthawi zambiri naklia kumtunda kwa chipolopolocho. Chinyezi chokwanira chimabweretsa kubadwa kwa ana ang'onoang'ono ndi ofooka, ndipo pamakhala chinyezi kwambiri naklev akupezeka ndi kuchedwa.

Kutentha kwa kutentha kwa nkhuku:

1. Masiku 1-6 - 38 ° C,
2. Masiku 7-11 - 37.5-37.7 ° C,
3. 12-20 tsiku - 37.3-37.5 ° C,
4. Tsiku 21 - Kuwoneka kwa nkhuku ku chipolopolo.

The mulingo woyenera chinyezi boma nkhuku mazira:

1. Masiku 1-7 - 50-55%,
2. Masiku 8-14 - 45-50%,
3. 15-18 tsiku - 50%,
4. 19-21 masiku - mpaka 70%

Kodi mazira a chofungatira ayenera kukhala otani?

Mazira olemera amawathandiza kwambiri, chifukwa mitundu ya nkhuku imakhala pafupifupi 60 gm, chifukwa cha mtundu wa mazira - 70 g Pomwe mwataya zinthu zowonongeka ndi zonyansa, yesani kuyang'ana chipolopolo cha tiyi tating'ono tokha. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mazira atsopano opangira mavitamini, pakadali pano mwayi wokolola wabwino wa anapiye ukuwonjezeka kwambiri. Mkaka mkati mwa mazira amafufuzidwa ndi akatswiri kapena ovoscope omwe amadzipanga okhaokha.

Ndi mazira ati omwe ayenera kukhala mu chofungatira pamene mukufufuzira masamba:

1. Chipinda cham'mlengalenga chili pamapeto omveka bwino.
2. The yolk ili pafupi kwambiri.
3. The yolk ndi yeniyeni ndipo siifala.
4. Palibe mdima wamdima kapena reddish inclusions.
5. Pamene dzira limasuntha, yolk sichisuntha.

Kodi dzira likugona nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Funso lofunika, nthawi yayitali bwanji kusunga mazira mu chofungatira, kumadalira mtundu wa mbalameyi. Naklev nkhuku zimawonetsedwa kuyambira masiku 19, nthawi yaitali ya makulitsidwe ndi masiku 21. Mabakha ndi turkeys amaphika pa tsiku la 25-26 ndi makulitsidwe masiku 28. Mazira a goose ali mu chofungatira kwa nthawi yayitali kwambiri, amaluma kuyambira tsiku la 28, ndipo kuchotsa minofu kumatuluka tsiku la 31. Nkhuku ziyenera kudzisankha zokha kuchokera ku dzira, zikasokoneza chilengedwe, pali chiopsezo chachikulu chowonongera kayendedwe kake.

Momwe mungaike mazira mu chofungatira?

Mazira musanayambe kusungidwa amasungidwa m'chipinda chozizira, tsiku lomwe asanatengeke mpaka maola 12 pa 25 ° C. Nestlings amakula bwino mu kasupe pa udzu wobiriwira, pamene kutentha sikunakwanire, kotero nthawi yabwino ya dzira ikhale kuyambira kumapeto kwa February mpaka woyamba wa May. Ndibwino kuti tichite zimenezi mu theka lachiwiri la tsikuli, ndipo nkhuku zoyambirira zimathamanga m'mawa, ndipo kumapeto kwa tsiku makulitsidwewo adzatha. Pankhaniyi, momwe mungayikiritsire mazira mu chofungatira, ntchito yawo mu thireyi imathandiza kwambiri, kutentha bwino, kuika mkati mwachindunji kapena pansi pa mtima.

Momwe mungatembenukire mazira mu chofungatira?

Njira yosinthira mazira mu chofungatira imathandiza kuti muzigwiritsa ntchito mosavuta, pokhapokha mutangoyang'ana ndondomeko yoyenera. Mu makina osakaniza popanda kutembenuza kokha kwa trays, njirayi imapangidwa mwadala. Ngati izi sizikuchitika, mazirawo amamatira pamakoma ndikufa. Ndibwino kuti mugwirizanitse ntchito iyi ndi mpweya wabwino wa chipangizochi. Ndibwino kuyika malemba pa mazira kuti asayesedwe ndi kayendetsedwe kake. Mpaka tsiku 19, ndondomekoyi imachitika 4 pa tsiku, ndiye timasiya kupopera ndi kutembenuza.