Kuyezetsa magazi kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro akhoza kuuzidwa ndi madokotala osiyanasiyana ndipo tsopano ndikulangizidwa kwa mayeso onse a mahomoni. Phunziroli ndi lofunika kwambiri kwa theka la chiwerengero cha anthu, omwe matenda a chithokomiro amapezeka kawiri kawiri kuposa amuna. Tiyeni tiwone mwatsatanetsatane, chifukwa ndi ma hormones ati TTG ndi T4 ali ndi udindo, zomwe zimayendera bwino, ndipo zomwe zingatanthauze zolakwika.
Kutulutsa mahomoni a chithokomiro
Thanzi la chithokomiro ndi chiwalo cha njira ya endocrine, yomwe imathandiza kwambiri pakuletsa njira zofunika kwambiri m'thupi la munthu. Amakhala ndi minofu yomwe imathyoka ndi mitsempha, zitsulo zamagazi ndi zamagulu. Shchitovidka ili ndi maselo apadera - thyreocytes, omwe amachititsa mahomoni a chithokomiro. Mahomoni akuluakulu a chithokomiro ndi T3 (triiodothyronine) ndi T4 (tetraiodothyronine), ali ndi ayodini ndipo amapangidwa m'magulu osiyanasiyana.
Mawonekedwe a mahomoni a chithokomiro amachokera ku kukula kwa mahomoni ena - TSH (thyrotropin). TTG imapangidwa ndi maselo a hypothalamus pamene amalandira chizindikiro, motero amachititsa chidwi cha chithokomiro ndi kuonjezera kupanga mahomoni a chithokomiro. Njira zowopsya zoterezi zimayesedwa kuti magazi azikhala bwinobwino pamene mahomoni a chithokomiro amagwira, monga momwe zimafunikira thupi nthawi imodzi.
Miyezo ya mahomoni a chithokomiro TTG ndi T4 (opanda, onse)
Mlingo wamatenda a TTG angauze katswiri za matenda a chithokomiro. Chizoloŵezi ndi 0.4-4.0 mU / L, koma ziyenera kuzindikiridwa kuti m'ma laboratories ena, malingana ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito, malire achibadwa angasinthe. Ngati TSH ndi yayikulu kuposa malire, imatanthauza kuti thupi liribe mahomoni otulutsa chithokomiro (TTG imagwira ntchito pachiyambi). Pa nthawi yomweyi, kusintha kwa TSH sikudalira kokha kayendedwe ka chithokomiro, komanso momwe ntchito ya ubongo imayendera.
Anthu abwinobwino, mahomoni otulutsa chithokomiro amatha kusintha maola 24, ndipo kuchuluka kwa magazi kumapezeka m'mawa kwambiri. Ngati TTG ndi yayikulu kuposa yachibadwa, ikhoza kutanthauza:
- matenda aakulu;
- mavuto mu ntchito ya adrenal gland;
- kuyesetsa mwamphamvu;
- mimba;
- chithandizo;
- kusowa kwa ndulu;
- gestosis yaikulu, ndi zina zotero.
Kuwonjezera kokwanira TSH kungasonyeze:
- chonchi;
- kuchepa kwa ntchito ya chigoba cha pituitary;
- ziphuphu za ubongo;
- maphunziro achifundo pa chithokomiro, etc.
Hemoni ya T-4 mwa amayi ndi:
- (osagwirizana ndi mapuloteni a magazi) 0,8-1.9 ng / dl;
- chiwerengero cha 4.5-12.5 μg / dl.
Mbali ya T4 imakhala yosasinthasintha m'moyo. Mafupa ambiri amapezeka m'mawa ndi m'nyengo yachisanu. Chiwerengero cha T4 chimawonjezeka ndi kubereka kwa mwana (makamaka pa trimester yachitatu), pomwe zomwe zili mu homoni yaulere zingachepe.
Zomwe zimayambitsa kuchulukitsa kwa hormone T4 zingakhale:
- kunenepa kwambiri;
- goiziti ;
- zotupa pamatenda a chithokomiro;
- HIV;
- chifuwa chachikulu cha chiberekero, ndi zina zotero.
Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa maselo a chithokomiro T4 nthawi zambiri kumasonyeza kuti matendawa ndi awa:
- kusowa kwa ayodini mu thupi;
- chithandizo ;
- kusokoneza kwa hypothalamus;
- mapuloteni mu chithokomiro, etc.